THE EFFECT OF PH AND CURRENT DENSITY IN THE REMOVAL OF ALUMINUM COBALT, CHROMIUM, AND ZINC FROM METAL PROCESSING WASTEWATER BY ELECTROCOAGULATION METHOD

Year 2020, Issue: 045, 225 - 235, 31.12.2020

Nevzat Beyazıt , Banu Turk

Abstract

In this study, the effects of initial pH (3, 5, 7, 9) and current density (25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200 A/m2) on the removal of Al3+, Co2+, Cr6+ and Zn2+ions from metal processing wastewater by electrocoagulation method were examined. Iron and stainless steel electrodes were used as anode and cathode materials. All of the removal efficiencies were insignificant at the initial pH value of 1.32. As the initial pH values were increased the removal efficiencies increased in all stages of the experiments. With increasing the pH from 3 to 9, removal efficiencies increased from 67.4% to 99.2% for Al, from 18.1% to 99.7% for Co, and from 36.6% to 99.9% for Zn, while removal efficiencies for Cr were over 99% for each pH. Although the inital concentration of Co was relatively low, it was only removed with over 99% efficiency at long electrocoagulation times or at relatively high final pH values. A similar trend was determined for Zn, but this case was explained by a relatively high concentration of Zn. While the maximum removal efficiency was achieved with a current density of 50 A/m2 for Cr, the efficiency increases were more obvious with increasing current density for Al, Co, and Zn.

Keywords

Electrocoagulation, pH, Current Density, Metal Processing

Supporting Institution

Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Proje Yönetim Ofisi

Project Number

PYO.MUH.1904.14.003

Thanks

This study was supported by Ondokuz Mayıs University with a project number of PYO.MUH.1904.14.003. The authors thank for their financial support.

References

• [1] Vasudevan, S., J. Lakshmi, J. and Sozhan, G., (2012), Simultaneous removal of Co, Cu, and Cr from water by electrocoagulation, Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 94, 1930-1940.
• [2] Fu, F. and Wang, Q., (2011), Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: A review, Journal of Environmental Management, 92, 407-418.
• [3] Heidmann, I. and Calmano, W., (2008), Removal of Cr(VI) from model wastewaters by electrocoagulation with Fe electrodes, Separation and Purification Technology, 61 (1), 15-21.
• [4] Matlock, M., Howerton, B., and Atwood, D., (2002), Chemical precipitation of heavy metals from acid mine drainage, Water Research 36, 4757-4764.
• [5] Inglezakis, V.J., Loizidou, M.D. and Grigoropoulou, H.P., (2002), Equilibrium and kinetic ion exchange studies of Pb2+, Cr3+, Fe3+ and Cu2+ on natural clinoptilolite, Water Research, 36, 2784-2792.
• [6] Hong, M., Yu, L.,Wang, Y., Zhang, J., Chen, Z., Dong, L., Zan, Q. and Li, R., (2019), Heavy metal adsorption with zeolites: The role of hierarchical pore architecture, Chemical Engineering Journal, 359, 363-372.
• [7] Sarioglu, M., Guler, U. and Beyazit, N., (2009), Removal of copper from aqueous solutions using biosolids, Desalination, 239, 167-174.
• [8] Blocher, C., Dorda, J., Mavrov, V., Chmiel, H., Lazaridis, N.K. and Matisc, K.A., (2003), Hybrid flotation—membrane filtration process for the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater, Water Research, 37, 4018-4026.
• [9] Taseidifar, M., Makavipour, F., Pashley, R.M. and Rahman, A.F.M., (2017), Removal of heavy metal ions from water using ion flotation, Environmental Technology and Innovation, 8, 182-190.
• [10] Yadav, A., L. Singh, A. Mohanty, S. Satya and Sreekrishnan, T.R., (2012), Removal of various pollutants from wastewater by electrocoagulation using iron and aluminum electrode, Desalination and Water Treatment, 46, 352-358.
• [11] Al Aji, B., Yavuz, Y. and Koparal, S., (2012), Electrocoagulation of heavy metals containing model wastewater using monopolar iron electrodes. Separation and Purification Technology, 86, 248-254.
• [12] Wang, C. and Chou, W., (2009). Performance of COD removal from oxide chemical mechanical polishing wastewater using iron electrocoagulation, Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part, A44, 1289-1297.
• [13] Mansouri, K., Elsaid, K., Bedoui, A., Bensalah, N. And Abdel-Wahab, A., (2011), Application of electrochemically dissolved iron in the removal of tannic acid from water, Chemical Engineering Journal, 172, 970-976.
• [14] Ozyonar, F. and Karagozoglu, B., (2014), Investigation of technical and economic analysis of electrocoagulation process for the treatment of great and small cattle slaughterhouse wastewater, Desalination and Water Treatment, 52, 74-87.
• [15] Bazrafshan, E., Mohammadi, L., Ansari-Moghaddam, A. and Mahvi, A., (2015), Heavy metals removal from aqueous environments by electrocoagulation process- a systematic review, Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 13, 1-16.
• [16] Khandegar, V. and Saroha, A.K., (2013)., Electrocoagulation for the treatment of textile industry effluent - A review, Journal of Environmental Management, 128, 949-963.
• [17] Yousuf Mollah, M., Schennach, R., Parga, J. and Cocke, D., (2001), Electrocoagulation (EC)-science and applications, Journal of Hazardous Materials, B84, 29-41.
• [18] Akbal, F. and Camci, S., (2011), Copper, chromium and nickel removal from metal plating wastewater by electrocoagulation, Desalination, 269, 214-222.
• [19] Beyazit, N., (2014), Copper(II), Chromium(VI) and Nickel(II) Removal from Metal Plating Effluent by Electrocoagulation, International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 9, 4315- 4330.
• [20] Al-Shannag, M., Al-Qodah, Z., Bani-Melhem, K., Rasool Qtaishat, M. and Alkasrawi, M., (2015), Heavy metal ions removal from metal plating wastewater using electrocoagulation: Kinetic study and process performance. Chemical Engineering Journal, 260, 749-756.
• [21] Gatsios, E., Hahladakis, J. and Gidarakos, E., (2015), Optimization of electrocoagulation (EC) process for the purification of a real industrial wastewater from toxic metals, Journal of Environmental Management, 154, 117-127.
• [22] Oden, M.K. and Erkan, H.S., (2018), Treatment of metal plating wastewater using iron electrode by electrocoagulation process: Optimization and process performance, Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 119, 207-217.
• [23] Mamelkina, M.A., Vasilyev, F., Tuunila, R., Sillanpa, M. and Hakkinen, A., (2019), Investigation of the parameters affecting the treatment of mining waters by Electrocoagulation. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 32, 100929.
• [24] Heidmann, I. and Calmano, W., (2010), Removal of Ni, Cu and Cr from a galvanic wastewater in an electrocoagulation system with Fe-and Al-electrodes, Separation and Purification Technology, 71, 308-314.
• [25] Rice, E.W., Baird, R.B., Eaton, A.D. and Bridgewater, L.L., (2012), Standard Methods in Examination of Water and Wastewater, twenty-three ed. Water Environment Federation, American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association (APHA-AWWA).
• [26] Moussa, D., El-Naas, M., Nasser, M. and Al-Marri, M., (2017), A comprehensive review of electrocoagulation for water treatment: Potentials and challenges, Journal of Environmental Management, 186, 24-41.
• [27] Chen, X., Ren, P., Li, T., Trembly, J. and Liu, X., (2018), Zinc removal from model wastewater by electrocoagulation: Processing, kinetics and mechanism, Chemical Engineering Journal 349, 358-367.
• [28] Hussin, F., Abnisa, F., Issabayeva, G. and Aroua, M., (2017), Removal of lead by solar-photovoltaic electrocoagulation using novel perforated zinc electrode, Journal of Cleaner Production, 147, 206-216.