CHARACTERIZATION AND PROCESS OPTIMIZATION OF ULTRASOUND EXTRACTED POLYSACCHARIDES FROM THE “OPUNTIA FICUS INDICA" CLADODES

Year 2020, Issue: 045, 126 - 142, 31.12.2020

Tuncay Yılmaz

Abstract

Opuntia Ficus Indica (OFI) cladodes are rich in pectin rich polysaccharides can be used nutraceutical, medical and pharmaceutical purposes as a cheap source of raw material. In this study characterization and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) of ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) of water-soluble crude polysaccharides (CPS) of OFI cladodes were studied using Box-Behnken Design (BBD). Effect of power intensity, set temperature and processing time investigated, Optimal conditions for yield maximization is found as 345.5 W, 304.5 K and 28.5 min. respectively with the predicted yield as 18.58% dry base polysaccharide extract and this value was validated by experiments at optimal condition having the value as 18.48±0.35%. General composition of the extracts at the optimal condition was 7.5±2.22% moisture content, 14.4±0.87 ash, 0.18±0.05 protein, 82.12±7.2% total sugar content (SC) in glucose, 72.75±6.8% SC in galacturonic acid in dry basis. Degree of esterification was found 40.57±3.11% proving that extracted polysaccharides was low-methoxy (LM) pectin-based material which can be used a good alternative and cheap source for industrial LM pectin. Additionally, this study depicts the importance of the temperature control and temperature rise of UAE systems since depending on power, time and temperature combination, temperature inside the reactor can be increased 7-11.8%.

Keywords

Opuntia Ficus Indica, Cladode Polysaccharides, Response Surface Methodology, Ultrasound Assisted Extraction

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