ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF HORSE-BREEDING IN CENTRAL ASIA IN THE MEDIAEVEL AGE

Yıl 2006, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 79 - 99, 30.06.2006

шамсиддин камолиддин

Öz

This article focuses on the development of horse breeding in Central Asia in the Mediaeval Ages. As it is known, on the eve of the Arab conquest, Central Asia was inhabited by the Sogdians, Bactrians, Khorezmians and the Turkic people. Indeed, the Turks had a political power in the Ancient Turkic Khanate and they inhabited whole Central Asia, from steppes to mountains, from towns to villages. Horse was important for most of the people living in Central Asia, but it had a special place among the Turkic people. For instance, among all people living in Central Asia in the Middle Ages, the Turks were the only people eating horse meat. Moreover, according to the Chinese sources, the Turks had a tradition of sacrificing the horse. Furthermore, Arabic sources have also emphasized the importance of horse meat in the Turkic culture. For instance, Ibn Fadlan recorded that the Oghuzs had a tradition of burying a person together with his/her horse. In sum, this article underlines the place of “horse cult”, that is, material and spiritual importance of the horse in the Turkic culture, history and everyday life.

Anahtar Kelimeler

DEVELOPMENT, HORSE-BREEDING, CENTRAL ASIA

К ВОПРОСУ О РАЗВИТИИ КОНЕВОДСТВА В СРЕДНЕЙ АЗИИ В СРЕДНИЕ ВЕКА

Öz

This article focuses on the development of horse breeding in Central Asia in the Mediaeval Ages. As it is known, on the eve of the Arab conquest, Central Asia was inhabited by the Sogdians, Bactrians, Khorezmians and the Turkic people. Indeed, the Turks had a political power in the Ancient Turkic Khanate and they inhabited whole Central Asia, from steppes to mountains, from towns to villages. Horse was important for most of the people living in Central Asia, but it had a special place among the Turkic people. For instance, among all people living in Central Asia in the Middle Ages, the Turks were the only people eating horse meat. Moreover, according to the Chinese sources, the Turks had a tradition of sacrificing the horse. Furthermore, Arabic sources have also emphasized the importance of horse meat in the Turkic culture. For instance, Ibn Fadlan recorded that the Oghuzs had a tradition of burying a person together with his/her horse. In sum, this article underlines the place of “horse cult”, that is, material and spiritual importance of the horse in the Turkic culture, history and everyday life.

Anahtar Kelimeler

ВОПРОСУ, РАЗВИТИИ, КОНЕВОДСТВА

Kaynakça

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• В средние века конину употребляли не только кочевые тюрки, но также оседло- земледельческие и городские тюрки. Что касается персов, согдийцев и других иранских народов, то они, также как арабы, сирийцы и иудеи, как известно, конину вообще никогда не употребляли.