Research Article
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Identity Transformation on Becoming a Teacher: Threshold Concepts and Professional Praxes

Year 2021, Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 275 - 295, 31.12.2021

Abstract

Identity transformation is essential for young adults transitioning into a professional community of practice such as the teaching profession. In this study, the ten participants were in a teacher-education program and completing their practicums, transitioning from identifying as a student to becoming a teacher. The research explored evidence of transformative learning and identity shifts as manifested in the participants’ written and spoken discourse. Datasets were reflective writings and semi-structured interviews, coded thematically. Seven of the ten resultant themes demonstrated characteristics of threshold concepts, critical concepts that transform understanding of a given domain; the other 3 themes represented professional praxes, important to dispositional readiness for teaching, but not characterisable as transformative, threshold knowledge. The findings contribute to: a nuanced approach to evaluating identity transformation and transformative learning in young adults; a keen understanding of identity transitions as integral to dispositional readiness for a professional domain; and further definition of the theoretical characteristics of threshold concepts, particularly as differentiated from praxes and dispositions.

Supporting Institution

Monmouth College

Project Number

Low Risk Research Project Approval #17-40

Thanks

Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to the student-teacher participants for their willingness to share their experiences and their candor in reflecting on them. Ethics clearance and permission to use participants’ anonymized datasets are in accordance with Monmouth College’s Low Risk Research Project Approval #17-40. No funding was provided for the research project.

References

  • Atherton, M. C. & Meulemans, Y. N. (2020). Threshold concepts theory as a pedagogical tool for articulating transformational learning: An initial exploration. Journal of Transformative Education, 19(2), 147-165. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344620963716
  • Barradell, S., & Fortune, T. (2020). Bounded: The neglected threshold concept characteristic. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 57(3), 296-304. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2019.1657034
  • Berliner, D. (1994). Expertise: The wonder of exemplary performances. In J. N. Mangieri, & C. C. Block (Eds.), Creating powerful thinking in teachers and students: Diverse perspectives (pp. 141-186). Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace College.
  • Borko, H., Liston, D., & Whitcomb, J. A. (2007). Apples and fishes: The debate over dispositions in teacher education. Journal of Teacher Education, 58(5), 359-364. https://10.1177/0022487107309977
  • Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation (CAEP). (2013). The CAEP Standards. http://caepnet.org/standards/introduction Charmaz, K. (2014). Constructing grounded theory (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Coddington, L. R., & Swanson, L. H. (2019). Exploring identity of prospective math and science teachers through reflections in early field contexts. Journal of Teacher Education and Educators, 8(3), 207-228.
  • Cousin, G. (2006). An introduction to threshold concepts. Planet, 17(1), 4 5. https://doi.org/10.11120/plan.2006.00170004
  • Cousin, G. (2010). Neither teacher-centred nor student-centred: Threshold concepts and research partnerships. Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education, 2, 1 9. https://doi.org/10.47408/jldhe.v0i2.64
  • Dunning, D. (2011). The Dunning-Kruger effect: On being ignorant of one’s own ignorance. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 247-296.
  • Ergönenç, J., Neuman, K., & Fischer, H. E. (2014). The impact of pedagogical content knowledge on cognitive activation and student learning. In H. E. Fischer, P. Labudde, K. Neumann, & J. Viiri (Eds.), Quality of instruction in physics: Comparing Finland, Germany and Switzerland (pp. 145-160). New York: Waxmann.
  • Habermas, J. (1984). Theory of communicative action, volume 1: Reason and the rationalization of society. Boston, Mass.: Beacon Press.
  • Hodge, S. (2019). Transformative learning for knowledge: From meaning perspectives to threshold concepts. Journal of Transformative Education, 17(2), 133-153. https://10.1177/1541344618770030
  • Illeris, K. (2014). Transformative learning and identity. Journal of Transformative Education, 12(2), 148-163. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344614548423
  • Johnston, P., Wilson, A., & Almerico, G. M. (2018). Meeting psychometric requirements for disposition assessment: Valid and reliable indicators of teacher dispositions. Journal of Instructional Pedagogies, 21, article 182847. https://www.aabri.com/manuscripts/182847.pdf
  • Land, R., Meyer, J. H. F., & Baillie, C. (2010). Preface: threshold concepts and transformational learning. In R. Land, J. H. F. Meyer & C. Baillie (Eds.), Threshold concepts and transformational learning (pp. ix-xlii). Rotterdam: Sense.
  • McConn, M. L. & Geetter, D. (2020). Liminal states of disorienting dilemmas: Two case studies of English teacher candidates. Journal of Transformative Education, 18 (3), 231-250. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1541344620909444
  • Meineke, H., & DeVasto, D. (2020). The subject of subjectivity: Preparing teachers with the knowledge, skills, and dispositions needed for empowering emergent bilingual students. Journal of Teacher Education and Educators, 9(1), 61-82.
  • Meyer, J. H. F., & Land, R. (2003). Threshold concepts and troublesome knowledge (1): Linkages to ways of thinking and practising within the disciplines. In C. Rust (Ed.), Improving student learning: Ten years on (pp. 1-16). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Meyer, J. H. F., & Land, R. (2005). Threshold concepts and troublesome knowledge (2): epistemological considerations and a conceptual framework for teaching and learning. Higher Education, 49(3), 373-388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-004-6779-5
  • Mezirow, J. (2003). Transformative learning as discourse. Journal of Transformative Education, 1(1), 58-63. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1541344603252172 Morse, J. M. (2008). Confusing categories and themes. Qualitative Health Research, 18(6), 727-728. https://10.1177/1049732308314930
  • National Council for the Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE). (2002). Professional Standards for the Accreditation of Schools, Colleges, and Departments of Education. http://www.ncate.org
  • National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). (2017). Digest of Education Statistics, 2017 (NCES 2018-070). https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d17/
  • Neve, H., Lloyd, H., & Collett, T. (2017). Understanding students’ experiences of professionalism learning: a ‘threshold’ approach. Teaching in Higher Education, 22(1), 92-108. https://10.1080/13562517.2016.1221810
  • Park, E. J. & Light, G. (2010). Identifying a Potential Threshold Concept in Nanoscience and Technology: Engaging Theory in the Service of Practice. In R. Land, J. H. F. Meyer & C. Baillie (Eds.), Threshold concepts and transformational learning (pp. 259-280). Rotterdam: Sense.
  • Rattray, J. (2016). Affective dimensions of liminality. In R. Land, J. H. F. Meyer & M. T. Flanagan (Eds.), Threshold concepts in practice (pp. 67-76). Sense.
  • Schussler, D. L., & Bercaw, L. (2021). Peering through a looking glass: Deconstructing teacher candidate assumptions using dispositions. The Teacher Educator. Pre-press: https://doi.org/10.1080/08878730.2021.1946228
  • Shinners-Kennedy, D. (2016). How not to identify threshold concepts. In R. Land, J. H. F. Meyer & M. T. Flanagan (Eds.), Threshold concepts in practice (pp. 253-267). Rotterdam: Sense.
  • Shulman, L. S. (1987). Knowledge and teaching: Foundations of the New Reform. Harvard Educational Review, 57(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.57.1.j463w79r56455411
  • Smagorinsky, P. (2010). The culture of learning to teach: The self-perpetuating cycle of conservative schooling. Teacher Education Quarterly, 37(2), 19-32.
  • Smith, W. L., Crowley, R. M., Demoiny, S. B., & Cushing-Leubner, J. (2021). Threshold concept pedagogy for antiracist social studies teaching. Multicultural Perspectives, 23(2), 87-94. https://doi.org/10.1080/15210960.2021.1914047
  • Timmermans, J. A., & Meyer, J. H. F. (2017). A framework for working with university teachers to create and embed ‘Integrated Threshold Concept Knowledge’ (ITCK) in their practice, International Journal for Academic Development, 24(4), 354-368. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360144X.2017.1388241
  • Timmermans, J. A., & Meyer, J. H. F. (2020). Embedding affect in the threshold concepts framework. In J. A. Timmermans, & R. Land (Eds.), Threshold concepts on the edge (pp. 51-67). Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.
  • Tucker, V. M. (2016). Learning experiences and the liminality of expertise. In R. Land, H.F. Meyer, & M.T. Flanagan (Eds.), Threshold concepts in practice (Educational Futures, 68), pp. 93-106. Rotterdam: Sense.
  • Tucker, V. M., Bruce, C., & Edwards, S. L. (2016). Using grounded theory to discover threshold concepts in transformative learning experiences. Theory and Method in Higher Education, 2, 23 46.
  • Tucker, V. M. & Simmons, M. H. (2021, July 7-9). Vital but not thresholds: Differentiating professional domain essentials and threshold knowledge. Threshold Concepts Conference, July 7-9, 2021.
  • Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
Year 2021, Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 275 - 295, 31.12.2021

Abstract

Project Number

Low Risk Research Project Approval #17-40

References

  • Atherton, M. C. & Meulemans, Y. N. (2020). Threshold concepts theory as a pedagogical tool for articulating transformational learning: An initial exploration. Journal of Transformative Education, 19(2), 147-165. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344620963716
  • Barradell, S., & Fortune, T. (2020). Bounded: The neglected threshold concept characteristic. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 57(3), 296-304. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2019.1657034
  • Berliner, D. (1994). Expertise: The wonder of exemplary performances. In J. N. Mangieri, & C. C. Block (Eds.), Creating powerful thinking in teachers and students: Diverse perspectives (pp. 141-186). Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace College.
  • Borko, H., Liston, D., & Whitcomb, J. A. (2007). Apples and fishes: The debate over dispositions in teacher education. Journal of Teacher Education, 58(5), 359-364. https://10.1177/0022487107309977
  • Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation (CAEP). (2013). The CAEP Standards. http://caepnet.org/standards/introduction Charmaz, K. (2014). Constructing grounded theory (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Coddington, L. R., & Swanson, L. H. (2019). Exploring identity of prospective math and science teachers through reflections in early field contexts. Journal of Teacher Education and Educators, 8(3), 207-228.
  • Cousin, G. (2006). An introduction to threshold concepts. Planet, 17(1), 4 5. https://doi.org/10.11120/plan.2006.00170004
  • Cousin, G. (2010). Neither teacher-centred nor student-centred: Threshold concepts and research partnerships. Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education, 2, 1 9. https://doi.org/10.47408/jldhe.v0i2.64
  • Dunning, D. (2011). The Dunning-Kruger effect: On being ignorant of one’s own ignorance. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 247-296.
  • Ergönenç, J., Neuman, K., & Fischer, H. E. (2014). The impact of pedagogical content knowledge on cognitive activation and student learning. In H. E. Fischer, P. Labudde, K. Neumann, & J. Viiri (Eds.), Quality of instruction in physics: Comparing Finland, Germany and Switzerland (pp. 145-160). New York: Waxmann.
  • Habermas, J. (1984). Theory of communicative action, volume 1: Reason and the rationalization of society. Boston, Mass.: Beacon Press.
  • Hodge, S. (2019). Transformative learning for knowledge: From meaning perspectives to threshold concepts. Journal of Transformative Education, 17(2), 133-153. https://10.1177/1541344618770030
  • Illeris, K. (2014). Transformative learning and identity. Journal of Transformative Education, 12(2), 148-163. https://doi.org/10.1177/1541344614548423
  • Johnston, P., Wilson, A., & Almerico, G. M. (2018). Meeting psychometric requirements for disposition assessment: Valid and reliable indicators of teacher dispositions. Journal of Instructional Pedagogies, 21, article 182847. https://www.aabri.com/manuscripts/182847.pdf
  • Land, R., Meyer, J. H. F., & Baillie, C. (2010). Preface: threshold concepts and transformational learning. In R. Land, J. H. F. Meyer & C. Baillie (Eds.), Threshold concepts and transformational learning (pp. ix-xlii). Rotterdam: Sense.
  • McConn, M. L. & Geetter, D. (2020). Liminal states of disorienting dilemmas: Two case studies of English teacher candidates. Journal of Transformative Education, 18 (3), 231-250. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1541344620909444
  • Meineke, H., & DeVasto, D. (2020). The subject of subjectivity: Preparing teachers with the knowledge, skills, and dispositions needed for empowering emergent bilingual students. Journal of Teacher Education and Educators, 9(1), 61-82.
  • Meyer, J. H. F., & Land, R. (2003). Threshold concepts and troublesome knowledge (1): Linkages to ways of thinking and practising within the disciplines. In C. Rust (Ed.), Improving student learning: Ten years on (pp. 1-16). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Meyer, J. H. F., & Land, R. (2005). Threshold concepts and troublesome knowledge (2): epistemological considerations and a conceptual framework for teaching and learning. Higher Education, 49(3), 373-388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-004-6779-5
  • Mezirow, J. (2003). Transformative learning as discourse. Journal of Transformative Education, 1(1), 58-63. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1541344603252172 Morse, J. M. (2008). Confusing categories and themes. Qualitative Health Research, 18(6), 727-728. https://10.1177/1049732308314930
  • National Council for the Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE). (2002). Professional Standards for the Accreditation of Schools, Colleges, and Departments of Education. http://www.ncate.org
  • National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). (2017). Digest of Education Statistics, 2017 (NCES 2018-070). https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d17/
  • Neve, H., Lloyd, H., & Collett, T. (2017). Understanding students’ experiences of professionalism learning: a ‘threshold’ approach. Teaching in Higher Education, 22(1), 92-108. https://10.1080/13562517.2016.1221810
  • Park, E. J. & Light, G. (2010). Identifying a Potential Threshold Concept in Nanoscience and Technology: Engaging Theory in the Service of Practice. In R. Land, J. H. F. Meyer & C. Baillie (Eds.), Threshold concepts and transformational learning (pp. 259-280). Rotterdam: Sense.
  • Rattray, J. (2016). Affective dimensions of liminality. In R. Land, J. H. F. Meyer & M. T. Flanagan (Eds.), Threshold concepts in practice (pp. 67-76). Sense.
  • Schussler, D. L., & Bercaw, L. (2021). Peering through a looking glass: Deconstructing teacher candidate assumptions using dispositions. The Teacher Educator. Pre-press: https://doi.org/10.1080/08878730.2021.1946228
  • Shinners-Kennedy, D. (2016). How not to identify threshold concepts. In R. Land, J. H. F. Meyer & M. T. Flanagan (Eds.), Threshold concepts in practice (pp. 253-267). Rotterdam: Sense.
  • Shulman, L. S. (1987). Knowledge and teaching: Foundations of the New Reform. Harvard Educational Review, 57(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.57.1.j463w79r56455411
  • Smagorinsky, P. (2010). The culture of learning to teach: The self-perpetuating cycle of conservative schooling. Teacher Education Quarterly, 37(2), 19-32.
  • Smith, W. L., Crowley, R. M., Demoiny, S. B., & Cushing-Leubner, J. (2021). Threshold concept pedagogy for antiracist social studies teaching. Multicultural Perspectives, 23(2), 87-94. https://doi.org/10.1080/15210960.2021.1914047
  • Timmermans, J. A., & Meyer, J. H. F. (2017). A framework for working with university teachers to create and embed ‘Integrated Threshold Concept Knowledge’ (ITCK) in their practice, International Journal for Academic Development, 24(4), 354-368. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360144X.2017.1388241
  • Timmermans, J. A., & Meyer, J. H. F. (2020). Embedding affect in the threshold concepts framework. In J. A. Timmermans, & R. Land (Eds.), Threshold concepts on the edge (pp. 51-67). Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.
  • Tucker, V. M. (2016). Learning experiences and the liminality of expertise. In R. Land, H.F. Meyer, & M.T. Flanagan (Eds.), Threshold concepts in practice (Educational Futures, 68), pp. 93-106. Rotterdam: Sense.
  • Tucker, V. M., Bruce, C., & Edwards, S. L. (2016). Using grounded theory to discover threshold concepts in transformative learning experiences. Theory and Method in Higher Education, 2, 23 46.
  • Tucker, V. M. & Simmons, M. H. (2021, July 7-9). Vital but not thresholds: Differentiating professional domain essentials and threshold knowledge. Threshold Concepts Conference, July 7-9, 2021.
  • Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Studies on Education
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Virginia M. Tucker 0000-0002-3898-6392

Michelle Holschuh Simmons This is me 0000-0002-3865-5040

Project Number Low Risk Research Project Approval #17-40
Publication Date December 31, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 10 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Tucker, V. M., & Simmons, M. H. (2021). Identity Transformation on Becoming a Teacher: Threshold Concepts and Professional Praxes. Journal of Teacher Education and Educators, 10(3), 275-295.