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KRAKOW'A GELEN GENÇ TÜRK TURİSTLERİN PROFİLİ VE SEYAHAT MOTİFLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİNE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 189 - 202, 28.12.2020

Abstract

Günümüzde turizm faaliyetlerinin büyük bir çoğunluğu gençler tarafından yapılmaktadır. Dünya Turizm Örgütü’nün verilerine göre; turizm faaliyetlerine katılımın yaklaşık %20'si, 15 ila 25 yaş arası gençlerden oluşmaktadır ve 2020 yılında 300 milyon gencin turistik faaliyetlere katılacağı düşünülmektedir (WTO, 2008). Gençlik turizmi, turizm sektöründe giderek önemi artan bir pazardır. Aynı zamanda Dünya turizminde yaş dağılımda göz ardı edilmeyecek bir yere sahiptir. Gençlik turizmi, farklı ihtiyaç ve beklentilere göre şekillenmektedir. Bu nedenle, pazardaki farklılıkların ve değişimlerin yakından izlenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu kapsamda ele alınan çalışmanın, Krakow gibi Türk turist profili hakkında yeterli çalışma yapılmamış bir destinasyonda hem tercihlerin hem de ürünlerin belirlenmesi açısından önem taşıdığı düşünülmektedir. Çalışmanın temel amacı Krakow’u ziyaret eden genç turist profilinin ve seyahat motiflerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaç çerçevesinde, katılımcıların demografik özellikleri ve tatilleri süresince yaptıkları turistik aktiviteler tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırma, yerli bir turist rehberi tarafından yürütülmüştür. Turist rehberi, 2019 yılında (Mart- Aralık) gezdirdiği genç Türk turistler hakkında günlük tutarak, veri toplanmasına yardımcı olmuştur. Belirtilen süre içerisinde toplamda 30 katılımcıya ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda demografik veriler elde edilmiştir. Ana hatlarıyla şu sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Katılımcıların %73,3’ü kadın, 26,7’si erkektir. Katılımcılar 20-29 yaş aralığındadır. Katılımcıların çoğu (%96,7) bekardır. Eğitim düzeylerine bakıldığında, katılımcıların %66,7’sinin üniversite mezunu, diğer %26,7’sinin ise yüksek lisans mezunu olduğu görülmektedir. Katılımcıların 9’u (%30) çalışan, 21’i (%70) ise öğrencidir. Araştırmaya ilişkin diğer bir sonuç; katılımcıların yer aldıkları turistik faaliyetlerdir. Etkili üç boyut belirlenmiştir. Boyutları oluşturan alt temalar, tekrarlanma sıklığına bakılarak incelenmiş ve en çok yapılan turistik aktiviteler tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre; en çok tercih edilen turistik aktiviteler tarihi yerleri görmek, müzeleri gezmek, sosyolojik deneyimler edinmek gibi kültürel faaliyetlerdir. Ardından gastronomi, gece hayatı ve doğa ile alakalı faaliyetler gelmektedir. 

References

  • Aktaş, P.S. (2015). Turistlerin Tatil Dönemlerinde Sergiledikleri Liminoid Davranışlar. Sosyoekonomi Dergisi, 23(26), 99-117.
  • Atay, H. (2011). Duygusal Oryantasyon Süreci Kuşadası’nda Bulunan A Grubu Seyahat Acentaları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Aydın.
  • Benckendorff, P., Moscardo, G. & Murphy, L. (2012). Environmental Attitudes of Generation Y Students: Foundations for Sustainability Education in Tourism. Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism, 12, 44-69.
  • Buffa, F. (2015). Young Tourists and Sustainability. Profiles, Attitudes, and Implications for Destination Strategies. Sustainability, 7, 14042-14062. doi:10.3390/su71014042.
  • Carr, N. (2002). A comparative analysis of the behaviour of domestic and international young tourists. Tourism Management, 23, 321-325.
  • Cini, F., Leone, L. & Passafaro, P. (2012). Promoting Ecotourism Among Young People: A Segmentation Strategy. Environment and Behavior, 44(1) 87-106.
  • Coghlan, D. (2004). Doing action research in your own organization (2nd Edition). London: Sage Publications.
  • Çelik, H., Başer Baykal, N. & Kılıç Memur, H. N. (2020). Nitel veri analizi ve temel ilkeleri. Eğitimde Nitel Araştırmalar Dergisi, 8(1), 379-406. doi:10.14689/issn.2148-2624.1.8c.1s.16m.
  • Demeter, T. & Brătucu, G. (2014). Typologies of Youth Tourism. Economic Sciences Journal, 7(56), 115-122.
  • Dindar, V. (2019). Gençlerde Evlilik Yaşının Uzaması Üzerine Din Sosyolojisi Açısından Bir Araştırma. Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Felsefe ve Din Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı Din Sosyolojisi Bilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul.
  • Greenwood, D. J. (1999). Action research. Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Komusińska, J. (2015). Impact of Euro 2012 on The Perceived Attractiveness of Kraków Among Foreign Tourists, Folia Turistica. Anthropology of Tourism, 37, 187-204.
  • Kozak, N., Kozak, M.A. & Kozak, M. (2001). Genel Turizm İlkeler-Kavramlar. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Kurek, W. & Faracik, R. (2008). Wybrane problemy rozwoju turystyki w Krakowie u progu XXI w. [Selected problems of tourism development in Krakow at the threshold of XXI century]. Turyzm, 18(1), 65–82.
  • Levin, M. (1999). Action research paradigms. PA: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Matoga, L. & Pawłowska, A. (2018). Off-The-Beaten-Track Tourism: A New Trend in The Tourism Development in Historical European Cities. A Case Study Of The City Of Krakow, Poland. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(14), 1644–1669, https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2016.1212822.
  • McNiff, J. (1996). You and Your Action Research Project. Routledge Falmer.
  • Patterson, A. (2005). Processes, Relationships, Settings, Products And Consumers: The Case For Qualitative Diary Research. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 8(2), 142-156.
  • Pawlusiński, R. & Kubal, M. (2018). A new take on an old structure? Creative and slow tourism in Krakow (Poland). Journal of Tourısm and Cultural Change, 16(3), 265–285 https://doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2017.1330338.
  • Pizam, A., Jeong, G.H., Reıchel, A., Bohemmel, H.V., Lusson, J.M., Steynberg, L., State-Costache, O., Volo, S., Kroesbacher, C., Kucerova, J. & Montmany, N. (2004). The Relationship between Risk-Taking, Sensation-Seeking, and the Tourist Behavior of Young Adults: A Cross-Cultural Study. Journal of Travel Research, 42, 251-260.
  • Podhalański, B. (2016). Krakow, A Metropolıs of Tourısm and Spırıtualısm. Archıtectural Studıes, 2(1), 50-56.
  • Richards, G. & Wilson, J. (2004). The International Student Travel Market: Travel style, Motivations and Activities. Tourism Review International, 8(2), 57-67.
  • Scott, D. & Morrison, M. (2005). Key Ideas In Educational Research. Continuum International Publishing.
  • UNWTO – WYSE (2011). The Power of Youth Travel, Volume 2 Available at: http://florianopoliscvb.com.br/MyFiles/amreports_vol2_thepowerofyouthtourism_eng_l1).pdfErişim:11-01-2020.
  • Winter, R. (2001). Handbook for action research in health and social care. London: Routledge.
  • WTO (1991). World Tourism Organization International conference on youth tourism, New Delhi (India): Final report. 18-21 November 1991. Available at http://www.atlaseuro.org/pages/pdf/Student_Youth_Travel_Bibliography.pdf Erişim:11-01-2020.
  • WTO (2008). Youth travel matters: Understanding the global phenomenon of youth travel. https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284412396 Erişim:11-01-2020. http://www.krakow.pl/english/jewish_krakow/24481,artykul,the_walk_along_the_kazimierz_district.html
  • https://www.krakowairport.pl/en/b2b,c56/aviationbusiness,c57/bettercountonnumbers,c58/basic-data,c68/monthly-statistics-2019,a983.html/ Erişim:21.01.2020.
  • http://www.krakow.pl/ccb_en/hot/196351,251,komunikat,record_year_for_krakow_s_tourist_business.html/ Erişim:21.01.2020.
  • USHMM (2020). “Holocaust Encyclopedia”. https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org./ Erişim:21.01.2020.

A RESEARCH ON THE DETERMINATION OF YOUNG TURKISH TOURIST PROFILE AND TRAVEL MOTIVES VISITING KRAKOW

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 189 - 202, 28.12.2020

Abstract

Today, most of the tourism activities are carried out by young people. According to The World Tourism Organization; Approximately 20% of participation in tourism activities consists of young people between the ages of 15 and 25 and it is thought that 300 million young people will participate in touristic activities in 2020 (WTO, 2008). Youth tourism is an important market in the tourism industry. Moreover, it has a place that cannot be ignored in age distribution in world tourism. Youth tourism is shaped by different needs and expectations. Therefore, the differences and changes in the market must be closely monitored. In this context, it is thought that the study is important in determining preferences and products in a destination where there is not enough study about the Turkish tourist profile such as Krakow. The main purpose of the study is to determine the profiles and travel motives of the young Turkish tourists visit Krakow. For this purpose, it was tried to determine the demographic characteristics of the participants and their tourism activities during their holidays. The research was carried out by a local tourist guide. The tourist guide helped to collect data by keeping a diary about the young Turkish tourists who toured in 2019 (March-December). It reached 30 participants in total in the specified period. As a result of the research, demographic data were obtained. The following conclusions have been reached outlined. 73.3% of the participants are female and 26.7 are male. The age range varies between 20-29. Almost all of the participants (96.7%) are single. Considering the education levels, 66.7% are university graduates and the other 26.7 are master's graduates. While 9 (30%) of the participants are employees, 21 (70%) of them are students. Another result related to the research is the touristic activities that the participants take part in. Three effective dimensions have been identified. Sub-themes that make up the dimensions were examined by looking at the frequency of repetition and the most frequent touristic activities were tried to be determined. According to the data obtained; the most preferred touristic activities are cultural activities such as seeing historical places, visiting museums and getting sociological experiences. Following activities are gastronomy, nightlife and nature.

References

  • Aktaş, P.S. (2015). Turistlerin Tatil Dönemlerinde Sergiledikleri Liminoid Davranışlar. Sosyoekonomi Dergisi, 23(26), 99-117.
  • Atay, H. (2011). Duygusal Oryantasyon Süreci Kuşadası’nda Bulunan A Grubu Seyahat Acentaları Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Aydın.
  • Benckendorff, P., Moscardo, G. & Murphy, L. (2012). Environmental Attitudes of Generation Y Students: Foundations for Sustainability Education in Tourism. Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism, 12, 44-69.
  • Buffa, F. (2015). Young Tourists and Sustainability. Profiles, Attitudes, and Implications for Destination Strategies. Sustainability, 7, 14042-14062. doi:10.3390/su71014042.
  • Carr, N. (2002). A comparative analysis of the behaviour of domestic and international young tourists. Tourism Management, 23, 321-325.
  • Cini, F., Leone, L. & Passafaro, P. (2012). Promoting Ecotourism Among Young People: A Segmentation Strategy. Environment and Behavior, 44(1) 87-106.
  • Coghlan, D. (2004). Doing action research in your own organization (2nd Edition). London: Sage Publications.
  • Çelik, H., Başer Baykal, N. & Kılıç Memur, H. N. (2020). Nitel veri analizi ve temel ilkeleri. Eğitimde Nitel Araştırmalar Dergisi, 8(1), 379-406. doi:10.14689/issn.2148-2624.1.8c.1s.16m.
  • Demeter, T. & Brătucu, G. (2014). Typologies of Youth Tourism. Economic Sciences Journal, 7(56), 115-122.
  • Dindar, V. (2019). Gençlerde Evlilik Yaşının Uzaması Üzerine Din Sosyolojisi Açısından Bir Araştırma. Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Felsefe ve Din Bilimleri Anabilim Dalı Din Sosyolojisi Bilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul.
  • Greenwood, D. J. (1999). Action research. Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Komusińska, J. (2015). Impact of Euro 2012 on The Perceived Attractiveness of Kraków Among Foreign Tourists, Folia Turistica. Anthropology of Tourism, 37, 187-204.
  • Kozak, N., Kozak, M.A. & Kozak, M. (2001). Genel Turizm İlkeler-Kavramlar. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Kurek, W. & Faracik, R. (2008). Wybrane problemy rozwoju turystyki w Krakowie u progu XXI w. [Selected problems of tourism development in Krakow at the threshold of XXI century]. Turyzm, 18(1), 65–82.
  • Levin, M. (1999). Action research paradigms. PA: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Matoga, L. & Pawłowska, A. (2018). Off-The-Beaten-Track Tourism: A New Trend in The Tourism Development in Historical European Cities. A Case Study Of The City Of Krakow, Poland. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(14), 1644–1669, https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2016.1212822.
  • McNiff, J. (1996). You and Your Action Research Project. Routledge Falmer.
  • Patterson, A. (2005). Processes, Relationships, Settings, Products And Consumers: The Case For Qualitative Diary Research. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 8(2), 142-156.
  • Pawlusiński, R. & Kubal, M. (2018). A new take on an old structure? Creative and slow tourism in Krakow (Poland). Journal of Tourısm and Cultural Change, 16(3), 265–285 https://doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2017.1330338.
  • Pizam, A., Jeong, G.H., Reıchel, A., Bohemmel, H.V., Lusson, J.M., Steynberg, L., State-Costache, O., Volo, S., Kroesbacher, C., Kucerova, J. & Montmany, N. (2004). The Relationship between Risk-Taking, Sensation-Seeking, and the Tourist Behavior of Young Adults: A Cross-Cultural Study. Journal of Travel Research, 42, 251-260.
  • Podhalański, B. (2016). Krakow, A Metropolıs of Tourısm and Spırıtualısm. Archıtectural Studıes, 2(1), 50-56.
  • Richards, G. & Wilson, J. (2004). The International Student Travel Market: Travel style, Motivations and Activities. Tourism Review International, 8(2), 57-67.
  • Scott, D. & Morrison, M. (2005). Key Ideas In Educational Research. Continuum International Publishing.
  • UNWTO – WYSE (2011). The Power of Youth Travel, Volume 2 Available at: http://florianopoliscvb.com.br/MyFiles/amreports_vol2_thepowerofyouthtourism_eng_l1).pdfErişim:11-01-2020.
  • Winter, R. (2001). Handbook for action research in health and social care. London: Routledge.
  • WTO (1991). World Tourism Organization International conference on youth tourism, New Delhi (India): Final report. 18-21 November 1991. Available at http://www.atlaseuro.org/pages/pdf/Student_Youth_Travel_Bibliography.pdf Erişim:11-01-2020.
  • WTO (2008). Youth travel matters: Understanding the global phenomenon of youth travel. https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284412396 Erişim:11-01-2020. http://www.krakow.pl/english/jewish_krakow/24481,artykul,the_walk_along_the_kazimierz_district.html
  • https://www.krakowairport.pl/en/b2b,c56/aviationbusiness,c57/bettercountonnumbers,c58/basic-data,c68/monthly-statistics-2019,a983.html/ Erişim:21.01.2020.
  • http://www.krakow.pl/ccb_en/hot/196351,251,komunikat,record_year_for_krakow_s_tourist_business.html/ Erişim:21.01.2020.
  • USHMM (2020). “Holocaust Encyclopedia”. https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org./ Erişim:21.01.2020.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Tourism (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Sibel Kılıçdere 0000-0002-4664-6507

Osman Eralp Çolakoğlu 0000-0001-5875-8488

Publication Date December 28, 2020
Submission Date November 3, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kılıçdere, S., & Çolakoğlu, O. E. (2020). KRAKOW’A GELEN GENÇ TÜRK TURİSTLERİN PROFİLİ VE SEYAHAT MOTİFLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİNE YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA. Journal of Tourism Intelligence and Smartness, 3(2), 189-202.