Turizmin Olumsuz Çevresel Etkilerinin Yerel Halkın Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisi: Göreme Örneği

Tibethan Memişoğlu; Eda Özgül Katlav

Turizmin Olumsuz Çevresel Etkilerinin Yerel Halkın Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisi: Göreme Örneği

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, her yıl yüzbinlerce turisti ağırlayan Kapadokya bölgesinin en yoğun alanlarından biri olan Göreme Açık Hava Müzesi ve Göreme Beldesi'nde, sezon boyunca aşırı trafik nedeniyle ortaya çıkan gürültü, hava kirliliği ve araç yoğunluğu gibi çevresel sorunların yerel halkın yaşam kalitesine olan etkilerini ölçmektir. Sürdürülebilir turizm kapsamında destinasyon başarısına doğrudan etki ettiği düşünülen yerel halkın turizme bakış açısının, aşırı yoğunlukla birlikte trafik yoğunluğu, gürültü ve hava kirliliği nedeniyle ne derece etkilendiği ölçülmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında 31 kişi ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme yapılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre, aşırı turizm etkisi, gürültü kirliliği, hava kirliliği, trafik yoğunluğu ve park sorunu olmak üzere 5 ana tema oluşturulmuştur.

Keywords

References

Akdu, U., & Ödemiş, M. (2018). Examining the impacts of tourism on Gumushane residents according to the Doxey Index. Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 5(2), 33-45.
Allen, L. R., Long, P. T., Perdue, R. R., & Kieselbach, S. (1988). The impact of tourism development on residents’ perceptions of community life. Journal of Travel Research, 27(1), 16-21. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728758802700104
Andereck, K. L., & Nyaupane, G. P. (2011). Exploring the Nature of Tourism and Quality of Life Perceptions among Residents. Journal of Travel Research, 50(3), 248-260. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287510362918
Aref, F. (2011). The Effects of Tourism on Quality of Life: A Case Study of Shiraz, Iran. Life Science Journal, 8(2).
Brunt, P., & Courtney, P. (1999). Host perceptions of sociocultural impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(3), 493-515. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00003-1
Buckley, R. (2012). Sustainable tourism: Research and reality. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(2), 528-546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2012.02.003
Büyükkuru, M., & Yılmaz, İ. (2022). Determining the development level of Cappadocia tourism., Journal of Tourism&Management Research 7 (1), http://ottomanjournal.com/index.html
Cardona, J. R., & Sánchez-Fernández, M. D. (2024). The social impacts of tourist seasonality: Theoretical reflections and a case study. In Tourism Planning and Destination Marketing, 2nd Edition (pp. 33-54). Emerald Publishing Limited.

Choi, H. C., & Murray, I. (2010). Resident attitudes toward sustainable community tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(4), 575-594. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580903524852
Chong, K. L. (2020). The side effects of mass tourism: the voices of Bali islanders. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 25(2), 157-169. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2019.1683591
Cofie, N., Braund, H., & Dalgarno, N. (2022). Eight ways to get a grip on intercoder reliability using qualitative-based measures. Canadian Medical Education Journal, 13(2), 73-76.
Cook, K. S., Cheshire, C., Rice, E. R. W., & Nakagawa, S. (2013). Social Exchange Theory (ss. 61-88). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6772-0_3
Crouch, G. I. (2011). Destination Competitiveness: An Analysis of Determinant Attributes. Journal of Travel Research, 50(1), 27-45. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287510362776
Çamlıca, K., Eren, A. S., & Aslan, H. M. (2022). Kapadokya Bölgesi’nde faaliyet gösteren seyahat acentelerine yönelik e-şikâyetlerin içerik analizi ile incelenmesi: TripAdvisor örneği. Güncel Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(1), 122-136.
Çoban, Ö. (2016). Çanakkale Savaşları’na ait 100. yıl etkinliklerinin kategorik açıdan incelenmesi. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 27(2), 213-226.
Dickinson, J. E., Filimonau, V., Cherrett, T., Davies, N., Norgate, S., Speed, C., & Winstanley, C. (2013). Understanding temporal rhythms and travel behaviour at destinations: potential ways to achieve more sustainable travel. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 21(7), 1070–1090. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2013.802328
Duban, N. (2010). Opinions of primary school teacher candidates about science and technology literate and education these individuals. Journal of Theoretical Educational Science, 3(2), 162-174.
Ercan, F. (2022). Metaverse teknolojisinin gelecekte turizm sektörüne olası etkilerini belirlemeye yönelik bir araştırma. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(4), 1063-1092.
Fagence, M. (2003). Tourism and local society and culture. Içinde Tourism in destination communities (ss. 55-78). CABI Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851996110.0055
Faulkner, B., & Tideswell, C. (1997). A Framework for Monitoring Community Impacts of Tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 5(1), 3-28. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669589708667273
Formica, S., & Uysal, M. (2006). Destination Attractiveness Based on Supply and Demand Evaluations: An Analytical Framework. Journal of Travel Research, 44(4), 418-430. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287506286714
González-Rodríguez, M. R., Díaz-Fernández, M. C., & Pulido-Pavón, N. (2023). Tourist destination competitiveness: An international approach through the travel and tourism competitiveness index. Tourism Management Perspectives, 47, 101127. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TMP.2023.101127
Graneheim, U. H., & Lundman, B. (2004). Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse education today, 24(2), 105-112.
Güler, A., Halıcıoğlu, M. B., & Taşğın, S. (2013). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık
Gunduz, M. (2016). What Are the Teaching Responsibilities of Being a Teacher?. Educational Research and Reviews, 11(8), 623-629.
Homans, G. (1961). Social Behavior: Its Elementary Forms. Harcourt, Brace, and World.
Jeon, M. M., Kang, M., & Desmarais, E. (2016). Residents’ Perceived Quality Of Life in a Cultural-Heritage Tourism Destination. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 11(1), 105-123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-014-9357-8
Jurowski, C., & Gursoy, D. (2004). Distance Effects On Residents’ Attitudes Toward Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(2), 296-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ANNALS.2003.12.005
Kurniawan, R., & Parantika, A. (2023). Examining the impact of tourism on local communities in Wae Rebo tourism village NTT using the doxey index. Jurnal Mantik, 7(1), 535-545.
Lei, W. S. (Clara), Suntikul, W., & Chen, Z. (2023). Tourism development induced social change. Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights, 4(1), 100088. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ANNALE.2023.100088
Li, X., & Wan, Y. K. P. (2013). Residents’ Attitudes Toward Tourism Development in Macao: a Path Model. Tourism Analysis, 18(4), 443-455. https://doi.org/10.3727/108354213X13736372326073
Lian, T., & Yu, C. (2017). Representation of online image of tourist destination: a content analysis of Huangshan. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 22(10), 1063-1082.
Lim, C., & McAleer, M. (2005). Ecologically sustainable tourism management. Environmental Modelling & Software, 20(11), 1431-1438. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVSOFT.2004.09.023
Maroto-Martos, J. C., Voth, A., & Pinos-Navarrete, A. (2020). The Importance of Tourism in Rural Development in Spain and Germany (ss. 181-205). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33463-5_9
Martin, M., Deng, J., Arbogast, D., Pierskalla, C., & Smaldone, D. (2024). Evaluating Residents’ Attitudes Toward Tourism Development and Regional Collaboration within the Monongahela National Forest Region. Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership, 16(3).
McCarroll, M. J., LaVanchy, G. T., & Kerwin, M. W. (2024). Tourism resilience to drought and climate shocks: The role of tourist water literacy in hotel management. Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights, 5(2), 100147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annale.2024.100147
Merriam, S. B. (2015). Qualitative research: Designing, implementing, and publishing a study. In Handbook of research on scholarly publishing and research methods (pp. 125-140). IGI Global.
Miles, M. B. & Huberman, A. M(1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Thousand Oaks.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Nooripoor, M., Khosrowjerdi, M., Rastegari, H., Sharifi, Z., & Bijani, M. (2021). The role of tourism in rural development: Evidence from Iran. GeoJournal, 86(4), 1705-1719. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-020-10153-z
Nunkoo, R., & Gursoy, D. (2012). Residents’ support for tourism: An Identity Perspective. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(1), 243-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ANNALS.2011.05.006
Nunkoo, R., & Ramkissoon, H. (2010). Small island urban tourism: a residents’ perspective. Current Issues in Tourism, 13(1), 37-60. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500802499414
Panse, G., Fyall, A., & Alvarez, S. (2021). Stakeholder views on sustainability in an urban destination context: an inclusive path to destination competitiveness. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 7(4), 895-915. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-10-2020-0225
Park, Y. A., & Gretzel, U. (2007). Success Factors for Destination Marketing Web Sites: A Qualitative Meta-Analysis. Journal of Travel Research, 46(1), 46-63. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287507302381
Pavlic, I., & Portolan, A. (2015). Irritation index, tourism. Encyclopedia of tourism, 1-2
Pike, S., & Page, S. J. (2014). Destination Marketing Organizations and destination marketing: A narrative analysis of the literature. Tourism Management, 41, 202-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TOURMAN.2013.09.009
Pizam, A. (1978). Tourism’s Impacts: The Social Costs to the Destination Community as Perceived by Its Residents. Journal of Travel Research, 16(4), 8-12. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728757801600402
Rico, A., Martínez-Blanco, J., Montlleó, M., Rodríguez, G., Tavares, N., Arias, A., & Oliver-Solà, J. (2019). Carbon footprint of tourism in Barcelona. Tourism Management, 70, 491-504. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TOURMAN.2018.09.012
Ritchie, J. R. B., & Crouch, G. I. (2003). The Competitive Destination A Sustainable Tourism Perspective.
Saarinen, J., & Lenao, M. (2014). Integrating tourism to rural development and planning in the developing world. Development Southern Africa, 31(3), 363-372. https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2014.888334
Santos-Júnior, A., Almeida-García, F., Morgado, P., & Mendes-Filho, L. (2020). Residents’ Quality of Life in Smart Tourism Destinations: A Theoretical Approach. Sustainability, 12(20), 8445. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208445
Schönherr, S., Bichler, B. F., & Pikkemaat, B. (2023). Attitudes not set in stone: Existential crises changing residents’ irritation. Tourism Management, 96, 104708.
Shaalan, I. M. (2005). Sustainable tourism development in the Red Sea of Egypt threats and opportunities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 13(2), 83-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2003.12.012
Sinclair, M. T. (1998). Tourism and economic development: a survey. Journal of Development Studies, 34(5), 1-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220389808422535
Smith, S. L. J. (1988). Defining tourism a supply-side view. Annals of Tourism Research, 15(2), 179-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(88)90081-3
Tosun, C., & Jenkins, C. L. (1998). The evolution of tourism planning in Third-World countries: a critique. Progress in Tourism and Hospitality Research, 4(2), 101-114. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1603(199806)4:2<101::AID-PTH100>3.0.CO;2-Z
UNEP. (2005). Making Tourism More Sustainable: A Guide for Policy Makers. www.unep.frwww.world-tourism.org
Uysal, M., Sirgy, M. J., Woo, E., & Kim, H. (Lina). (2016). Quality of life (QOL) and well-being research in tourism. Tourism Management, 53, 244-261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.07.013
Wei, Z., & Lihua, H. (2022). Effects of tourism and eco-innovation on environmental quality in selected ASEAN countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(15), 42889-42903. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17541-z
WHO (World Health Organization) (1995). The World Health Organization quality of life assessment (WHOQOL): Position paper from the World Health Organization. Social Science & Medicine, 41(10), 1403-1409. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(95)00112-K
WHO (World Health Organization), (2012). WHOQOL: Measuring Quality of Life. Dıvısıon Of Mental Health And Preventıon Of Substance Abuse World Health Organızatıon. https://www.who.int/tools/whoqol#:~:text=WHO%20defines%20Quality%20of%20Life,%2C%20expectations%2C%20standards%20and%20concerns.
Wise, N. (2016). Outlining triple bottom line contexts in urban tourism regeneration. Cities, 53, 30-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2016.01.003
Woyo, E., & Slabbert, E. (2021). Tourism destination competitiveness: A view from suppliers operating in a country with political challenges. South African Journal of Economic and management Sciences, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v24i1.3717.
Yıldırım, A. & Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin.
Yılmaz, G. (2017). Gastronomi ve turizm ilişkisi üzerine bir değerlendirme. Seyahat

Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Tourism (Other)

Journal Section

Systematic Reviews and Meta Analysis

Authors

Tibethan Memişoğlu
0000-0002-6603-3230
Türkiye

Eda Özgül Katlav ^*
0000-0002-4168-909X
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

December 29, 2024

Publication Date

December 31, 2024

Submission Date

October 3, 2024

Acceptance Date

November 5, 2024

Published in Issue

Year 2024 Volume: 5 Number: 2

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA82WA22BK

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Memişoğlu, T., & Özgül Katlav, E. (2024). Turizmin Olumsuz Çevresel Etkilerinin Yerel Halkın Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisi: Göreme Örneği. Journal of Tourism Research Institute, 5(2), 115-129. https://izlik.org/JA82WA22BK

AMA

1.Memişoğlu T, Özgül Katlav E. Turizmin Olumsuz Çevresel Etkilerinin Yerel Halkın Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisi: Göreme Örneği. JTRI. 2024;5(2):115-129. https://izlik.org/JA82WA22BK

Chicago

Memişoğlu, Tibethan, and Eda Özgül Katlav. 2024. “Turizmin Olumsuz Çevresel Etkilerinin Yerel Halkın Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisi: Göreme Örneği”. Journal of Tourism Research Institute 5 (2): 115-29. https://izlik.org/JA82WA22BK.

EndNote

Memişoğlu T, Özgül Katlav E (December 1, 2024) Turizmin Olumsuz Çevresel Etkilerinin Yerel Halkın Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisi: Göreme Örneği. Journal of Tourism Research Institute 5 2 115–129.

IEEE

[1]T. Memişoğlu and E. Özgül Katlav, “Turizmin Olumsuz Çevresel Etkilerinin Yerel Halkın Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisi: Göreme Örneği”, JTRI, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 115–129, Dec. 2024, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA82WA22BK

ISNAD

Memişoğlu, Tibethan - Özgül Katlav, Eda. “Turizmin Olumsuz Çevresel Etkilerinin Yerel Halkın Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisi: Göreme Örneği”. Journal of Tourism Research Institute 5/2 (December 1, 2024): 115-129. https://izlik.org/JA82WA22BK.

JAMA

1.Memişoğlu T, Özgül Katlav E. Turizmin Olumsuz Çevresel Etkilerinin Yerel Halkın Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisi: Göreme Örneği. JTRI. 2024;5:115–129.

MLA

Memişoğlu, Tibethan, and Eda Özgül Katlav. “Turizmin Olumsuz Çevresel Etkilerinin Yerel Halkın Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisi: Göreme Örneği”. Journal of Tourism Research Institute, vol. 5, no. 2, Dec. 2024, pp. 115-29, https://izlik.org/JA82WA22BK.

Vancouver

1.Tibethan Memişoğlu, Eda Özgül Katlav. Turizmin Olumsuz Çevresel Etkilerinin Yerel Halkın Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisi: Göreme Örneği. JTRI [Internet]. 2024 Dec. 1;5(2):115-29. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA82WA22BK