Research Article
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Year 2024, , 83 - 94, 30.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.24288/jttr.1520914

Abstract

Project Number

-

References

  • Akama, J. S., & Kieti, D. M. (2003). Measuring tourist satisfaction with Kenya's wildlife safari: a case study of Tsavo West National Park. Tourism management, 24(1), 73-81.
  • Akama, J. S., Maingi, S., & Camargo, B. A. (2011). Wildlife conservation, safari tourism and the role of tourism certification in Kenya: A postcolonial critique. Tourism recreation research, 36(3), 281-291.
  • Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Trifts V., & Buchwitz, L. (2017). Marketing: An Introduction, Updated Sixth Canadian Edition with Integrated B2B Case, Pearson Canada.
  • Baker, J. (2003). The marketing Book, 5th Edition. Butterworth Heinemann.
  • Baloglu, S., Pekcan, A., Chen, S. L., & Santos, J. (2004). The relationship between destination performance, overall satisfaction, and behavioral intention for distinct segments. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 4(3-4), 149-165.
  • Birdir, S. (2009). Yaz Tatilinden Beklenen Faydalara Göre Turist Pazarının Bölümlendirilmesi: Antalya’da Yapılan Bir Araştırma. (Doktora Tezi. Erciyes Üniversitesi) Kayseri.
  • Birdir, S. (2015). Segmentation of Tourist Using Demographic and Travel Characteristics: The Case of Istanbul. International Review of Management and Marketing, 5(4), 221-229.
  • Cameron, T. (2018). National parks as economic engines: an overview of economic research methods for a developing country: Case Study: Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe (Doctoral dissertation, Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University).
  • Child, B., Suich, H., & Spenceley, A. (2008). Evolution and Innovation in Wildlife Conservation. Routledge.
  • Dalgıç, A., Birdir, S. S., & Birdir, K. (2016). Segmentation of Visitor’s Motivations: A Study on 20th East Mediterranean International Tourism and Travel (EMITT) Exhibition, in C. Avcıkurt, M. S. Dinu, N. Hacıoğlu, R. Efe, A. Soykan & N. Tetik (Eds.), Global Issues and Trends in Tourism, pp. 621-631. St. Kliment Ohridski University Press.
  • Dolnicar, S. (2004). Beyond “Commonsense Segmentation” – a Systematics of Segmentation Approaches in Tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 42 (3), 244250.
  • Dolnicar, S., Grün, B. & Leisch, F. (2018). Market Segmentaion Analysis, Singapore: Springer.
  • Fricker, R. D. (2008). Sampling methods for web and e-mail surveys. The SAGE handbook of online research methods. SAGE Publications Ltd.
  • Frochot I (2005). A benefit segmentation of tourists in rural areas: a Scottish perspective. Tourism Management 26(3), 335–346.
  • Goodall, B.,& Ashworth, G. (2013). Marketing in the Tourism Industry (RLE Tourism): The promotion of destination regions. Routledge.
  • Goyat, S. (2011). The basis of market segmentation: a critical review of literature. European Journal of Business and Management, 3(9), 45-54.
  • Holloway, Ch. J. (2004). Marketing for tourism. (4th ed.). Pearson Education Ltd.
  • Holloway, Ch. J. & Humphreys, C. (2016). The business of tourism. (15th ed). Pearson Education Ltd.
  • Huang, R., & Sarigöllü, E. (2012). How brand awareness relates to market outcome, brand equity, and the marketing mix. Journal of business research, 65(1), 92-99.
  • Hunt, S. D., & Arnett, D. B. (2004). Market segmentation strategy, competitive advantage, and public policy: Grounding segmentation strategy in resource-advantage theory. Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ), 12(1), 7-25.
  • Hydro-Electric Scheme -Economic Assessment Specialist Study. Anchor Environmental Consultants Report No: AEC/1860/1. Cape Town.
  • Jang, S., Morrison, A., & O’Leary, J. (2002). Benefit segmentation of Japanese pleasure travelers to the USA and Canada: selecting target markets based on the profitability and risk of individual market segments. Tourism Management, 23(4), 368–378.
  • Kotler, P. (2000). Marketing Management–Analysis Planning Implementation And Control, The Milennium Edition, Prentice–Hall Inc..
  • Kotler, P., Armstrong, G., & Opresnik, O. M. (2017). Principles of marketing. Harlow Pearson.
  • Letley, G., Coldrey, K., & Turpie, J. (2019). Economic Cost Benefit Analysis of the Batoka Gorge
  • Lopez-Guzman, T., Pérez Gálvez, J. C., Muñoz Fernández, G. A., & Torres León, L. (2018). Studying World Heritage visitors: the case of Cuenca, Ecuador. Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, 8(3), 372-386.
  • Manrai, L. A., Lascu, D. N., & Manrai, A. K. (2020). A study of safari tourism in sub-Saharan Africa: An empirical test of Tourism ABC (T-ABC) model. Journal of Business Research, 119, 639-651.
  • Marques C., Reis, E., & Menezes, J. (2010). Profiling the segments of visitors to Portuguese protected areas. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(8), 971–996.
  • Matura, P., & Mapira, J. (2018). Tourism destinations, facilities, challenges and opportunities in Zimbabwe. European Journal of Social Sciences Studies. 2(11), 125-138.
  • Mbaiwa, J. E. (2007). The success and sustainability of consumptive wildlife tourism in Africa. In Tourism and the Consumption of Wildlife (pp. 163-176). Routledge.
  • Middleton, V. T., & Clarke, J. R. (2012). Marketing in travel and tourism. Routledge.
  • Mutanga, C. N., Gandiwa, E., & Muboko, N. (2017). An analysis of tourist trends in northern Gonarezhou National Park, Zimbabwe, 1991-2014, Cogent Social Sciences, 3(1), 1-12.
  • Nakip, M. (2003). Pazarlama Araştırmalarına Giriş (Spss Destekli). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Nduna, L. T. (2017). Black middle-class tourists’ segment in South Africa: a critical analysis. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 6(4), 1-13.
  • Nduna, L. T., & Zyl, C. (2017). A benefit segmentation analysis of tourists visiting Mpumalanga. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 6(3), 1-22.
  • Nhamo, G., Dube, K., Chapungu, L., & Chikodzi, D. (2023). Quest for NetZero emissions in South African national parks: A tourism perspective. Heliyon, 9(6), 1-13.
  • Nyaruwata, S., & Runyowa, D. (2017). Visitor perceptions on Zimbabwe as a tourist destination and implications for policy directions. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 6(2), 1-8.
  • Papadimitriou, D., & Gibson, H. (2008). Benefits sought and realized by active mountain sport tourists in Epirus, Greece: Pre-and post-trip analysis. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 13(1), 37-60.
  • Sarıgöllü, E., & Huang, R. (2005). Benefits segmentation of visitors to Latin America. Journal of Travel Research, 43, 277-293.
  • Skibins, J., Powell, R., & Hallo, J. (2016). Lucky 13: conservation implications of broadening “Big 5” flagship species recognition in East Africa. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 24(7), 1024-1040.
  • Stone, L. S., & Stone, M. T. (2013). The challenges of community-based tourism business ventures in the developing world: A case of Khwai Development Trust, Botswana, in T. Mihalic & W. C.Gartner (Eds.), Tourism and developments: Issues and challenges, pp. 227-254, Nova Publishers.
  • Stone, M. T. (2015). Community empowerment through community-based tourism: The case of Chobe Enclave Conservation Trust in Botswana. Institutional arrangements for conservation, development and tourism in eastern and southern Africa: A dynamic perspective, 81-100.
  • Van Der Merwe, P., & Saayman, M. (2008). Travel motivations of tourists visiting Kruger National Park. Koedoe: African Protected Area Conservation and Science, 50(1), 154-159.
  • Won, D., & Hwang, S. (2009). Factors influencing the college skiers and snowboarders' choice of a ski destination in Korea: A conjoint study. Managing Leisure, 14(1), 17-27.
  • Woyo, E., & Woyo, E. (2016). The Impacts of Tourism Development at Domboshava National Monument in Zimbabwe. International Journal of Research in Tourism and Hospitality (IJRTH) 2(3), 29-37.
  • Zhou, Z. (2018). The Tourism Sector: A bright light in Zimbabwe`s depressed economic environment. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 7(1), 1-15.
  • Zimbabwe Tourism Authority (2019). 2014 Tourism Trends & Statistics. Zimbabwe-Visitor Exit Survey Report 2015/16.
  • Zimbabwe Tourism Authority (2019). Tourism Trends and Statistics 2018. Harare, Zimbabwe.

Expected benefits segmentation of international tourists participating in Zimbabwe safari tourism

Year 2024, , 83 - 94, 30.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.24288/jttr.1520914

Abstract

The study aims to categorize tourists visiting national parks in Zimbabwe into clusters that are similar to each other according to their expected benefits and to determine different tourist profiles in terms of the expected benefits. For this purpose, data was collected through convenience sampling between 1 February and 30 April 2019 in Hwange National Park, Mana Pools National Park, and Gonarezhou National Park. It was 307 usable questionnaires were obtained. In the research, descriptive statistics and t-tests, ANOVA, factor analysis, cluster analysis, and chi-square analysis were utilized. Three benefit factors were named “Socialization and self-improvement,” “Recognizing nature and wildlife,” and “Relaxing.” In addition, two market segments (clusters) were identified and termed “socialization seekers” and “nature and wildlife seekers.”

Ethical Statement

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Supporting Institution

-

Project Number

-

Thanks

-

References

  • Akama, J. S., & Kieti, D. M. (2003). Measuring tourist satisfaction with Kenya's wildlife safari: a case study of Tsavo West National Park. Tourism management, 24(1), 73-81.
  • Akama, J. S., Maingi, S., & Camargo, B. A. (2011). Wildlife conservation, safari tourism and the role of tourism certification in Kenya: A postcolonial critique. Tourism recreation research, 36(3), 281-291.
  • Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Trifts V., & Buchwitz, L. (2017). Marketing: An Introduction, Updated Sixth Canadian Edition with Integrated B2B Case, Pearson Canada.
  • Baker, J. (2003). The marketing Book, 5th Edition. Butterworth Heinemann.
  • Baloglu, S., Pekcan, A., Chen, S. L., & Santos, J. (2004). The relationship between destination performance, overall satisfaction, and behavioral intention for distinct segments. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 4(3-4), 149-165.
  • Birdir, S. (2009). Yaz Tatilinden Beklenen Faydalara Göre Turist Pazarının Bölümlendirilmesi: Antalya’da Yapılan Bir Araştırma. (Doktora Tezi. Erciyes Üniversitesi) Kayseri.
  • Birdir, S. (2015). Segmentation of Tourist Using Demographic and Travel Characteristics: The Case of Istanbul. International Review of Management and Marketing, 5(4), 221-229.
  • Cameron, T. (2018). National parks as economic engines: an overview of economic research methods for a developing country: Case Study: Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe (Doctoral dissertation, Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University).
  • Child, B., Suich, H., & Spenceley, A. (2008). Evolution and Innovation in Wildlife Conservation. Routledge.
  • Dalgıç, A., Birdir, S. S., & Birdir, K. (2016). Segmentation of Visitor’s Motivations: A Study on 20th East Mediterranean International Tourism and Travel (EMITT) Exhibition, in C. Avcıkurt, M. S. Dinu, N. Hacıoğlu, R. Efe, A. Soykan & N. Tetik (Eds.), Global Issues and Trends in Tourism, pp. 621-631. St. Kliment Ohridski University Press.
  • Dolnicar, S. (2004). Beyond “Commonsense Segmentation” – a Systematics of Segmentation Approaches in Tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 42 (3), 244250.
  • Dolnicar, S., Grün, B. & Leisch, F. (2018). Market Segmentaion Analysis, Singapore: Springer.
  • Fricker, R. D. (2008). Sampling methods for web and e-mail surveys. The SAGE handbook of online research methods. SAGE Publications Ltd.
  • Frochot I (2005). A benefit segmentation of tourists in rural areas: a Scottish perspective. Tourism Management 26(3), 335–346.
  • Goodall, B.,& Ashworth, G. (2013). Marketing in the Tourism Industry (RLE Tourism): The promotion of destination regions. Routledge.
  • Goyat, S. (2011). The basis of market segmentation: a critical review of literature. European Journal of Business and Management, 3(9), 45-54.
  • Holloway, Ch. J. (2004). Marketing for tourism. (4th ed.). Pearson Education Ltd.
  • Holloway, Ch. J. & Humphreys, C. (2016). The business of tourism. (15th ed). Pearson Education Ltd.
  • Huang, R., & Sarigöllü, E. (2012). How brand awareness relates to market outcome, brand equity, and the marketing mix. Journal of business research, 65(1), 92-99.
  • Hunt, S. D., & Arnett, D. B. (2004). Market segmentation strategy, competitive advantage, and public policy: Grounding segmentation strategy in resource-advantage theory. Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ), 12(1), 7-25.
  • Hydro-Electric Scheme -Economic Assessment Specialist Study. Anchor Environmental Consultants Report No: AEC/1860/1. Cape Town.
  • Jang, S., Morrison, A., & O’Leary, J. (2002). Benefit segmentation of Japanese pleasure travelers to the USA and Canada: selecting target markets based on the profitability and risk of individual market segments. Tourism Management, 23(4), 368–378.
  • Kotler, P. (2000). Marketing Management–Analysis Planning Implementation And Control, The Milennium Edition, Prentice–Hall Inc..
  • Kotler, P., Armstrong, G., & Opresnik, O. M. (2017). Principles of marketing. Harlow Pearson.
  • Letley, G., Coldrey, K., & Turpie, J. (2019). Economic Cost Benefit Analysis of the Batoka Gorge
  • Lopez-Guzman, T., Pérez Gálvez, J. C., Muñoz Fernández, G. A., & Torres León, L. (2018). Studying World Heritage visitors: the case of Cuenca, Ecuador. Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, 8(3), 372-386.
  • Manrai, L. A., Lascu, D. N., & Manrai, A. K. (2020). A study of safari tourism in sub-Saharan Africa: An empirical test of Tourism ABC (T-ABC) model. Journal of Business Research, 119, 639-651.
  • Marques C., Reis, E., & Menezes, J. (2010). Profiling the segments of visitors to Portuguese protected areas. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(8), 971–996.
  • Matura, P., & Mapira, J. (2018). Tourism destinations, facilities, challenges and opportunities in Zimbabwe. European Journal of Social Sciences Studies. 2(11), 125-138.
  • Mbaiwa, J. E. (2007). The success and sustainability of consumptive wildlife tourism in Africa. In Tourism and the Consumption of Wildlife (pp. 163-176). Routledge.
  • Middleton, V. T., & Clarke, J. R. (2012). Marketing in travel and tourism. Routledge.
  • Mutanga, C. N., Gandiwa, E., & Muboko, N. (2017). An analysis of tourist trends in northern Gonarezhou National Park, Zimbabwe, 1991-2014, Cogent Social Sciences, 3(1), 1-12.
  • Nakip, M. (2003). Pazarlama Araştırmalarına Giriş (Spss Destekli). Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Nduna, L. T. (2017). Black middle-class tourists’ segment in South Africa: a critical analysis. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 6(4), 1-13.
  • Nduna, L. T., & Zyl, C. (2017). A benefit segmentation analysis of tourists visiting Mpumalanga. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 6(3), 1-22.
  • Nhamo, G., Dube, K., Chapungu, L., & Chikodzi, D. (2023). Quest for NetZero emissions in South African national parks: A tourism perspective. Heliyon, 9(6), 1-13.
  • Nyaruwata, S., & Runyowa, D. (2017). Visitor perceptions on Zimbabwe as a tourist destination and implications for policy directions. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 6(2), 1-8.
  • Papadimitriou, D., & Gibson, H. (2008). Benefits sought and realized by active mountain sport tourists in Epirus, Greece: Pre-and post-trip analysis. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 13(1), 37-60.
  • Sarıgöllü, E., & Huang, R. (2005). Benefits segmentation of visitors to Latin America. Journal of Travel Research, 43, 277-293.
  • Skibins, J., Powell, R., & Hallo, J. (2016). Lucky 13: conservation implications of broadening “Big 5” flagship species recognition in East Africa. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 24(7), 1024-1040.
  • Stone, L. S., & Stone, M. T. (2013). The challenges of community-based tourism business ventures in the developing world: A case of Khwai Development Trust, Botswana, in T. Mihalic & W. C.Gartner (Eds.), Tourism and developments: Issues and challenges, pp. 227-254, Nova Publishers.
  • Stone, M. T. (2015). Community empowerment through community-based tourism: The case of Chobe Enclave Conservation Trust in Botswana. Institutional arrangements for conservation, development and tourism in eastern and southern Africa: A dynamic perspective, 81-100.
  • Van Der Merwe, P., & Saayman, M. (2008). Travel motivations of tourists visiting Kruger National Park. Koedoe: African Protected Area Conservation and Science, 50(1), 154-159.
  • Won, D., & Hwang, S. (2009). Factors influencing the college skiers and snowboarders' choice of a ski destination in Korea: A conjoint study. Managing Leisure, 14(1), 17-27.
  • Woyo, E., & Woyo, E. (2016). The Impacts of Tourism Development at Domboshava National Monument in Zimbabwe. International Journal of Research in Tourism and Hospitality (IJRTH) 2(3), 29-37.
  • Zhou, Z. (2018). The Tourism Sector: A bright light in Zimbabwe`s depressed economic environment. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 7(1), 1-15.
  • Zimbabwe Tourism Authority (2019). 2014 Tourism Trends & Statistics. Zimbabwe-Visitor Exit Survey Report 2015/16.
  • Zimbabwe Tourism Authority (2019). Tourism Trends and Statistics 2018. Harare, Zimbabwe.
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Tourist Behaviour and Visitor Experience
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Emmanuel Brighton T Muraicho 0000-0002-3478-1672

Kemal Birdir 0000-0003-1353-3618

Sevda Sahilli Birdir 0000-0002-1568-5837

Project Number -
Early Pub Date August 21, 2024
Publication Date September 30, 2024
Submission Date July 23, 2024
Acceptance Date August 21, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

APA T Muraicho, E. B., Birdir, K., & Sahilli Birdir, S. (2024). Expected benefits segmentation of international tourists participating in Zimbabwe safari tourism. Journal of Tourism Theory and Research, 10(2), 83-94. https://doi.org/10.24288/jttr.1520914
AMA T Muraicho EB, Birdir K, Sahilli Birdir S. Expected benefits segmentation of international tourists participating in Zimbabwe safari tourism. Journal of Tourism Theory and Research. September 2024;10(2):83-94. doi:10.24288/jttr.1520914
Chicago T Muraicho, Emmanuel Brighton, Kemal Birdir, and Sevda Sahilli Birdir. “Expected Benefits Segmentation of International Tourists Participating in Zimbabwe Safari Tourism”. Journal of Tourism Theory and Research 10, no. 2 (September 2024): 83-94. https://doi.org/10.24288/jttr.1520914.
EndNote T Muraicho EB, Birdir K, Sahilli Birdir S (September 1, 2024) Expected benefits segmentation of international tourists participating in Zimbabwe safari tourism. Journal of Tourism Theory and Research 10 2 83–94.
IEEE E. B. T Muraicho, K. Birdir, and S. Sahilli Birdir, “Expected benefits segmentation of international tourists participating in Zimbabwe safari tourism”, Journal of Tourism Theory and Research, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 83–94, 2024, doi: 10.24288/jttr.1520914.
ISNAD T Muraicho, Emmanuel Brighton et al. “Expected Benefits Segmentation of International Tourists Participating in Zimbabwe Safari Tourism”. Journal of Tourism Theory and Research 10/2 (September 2024), 83-94. https://doi.org/10.24288/jttr.1520914.
JAMA T Muraicho EB, Birdir K, Sahilli Birdir S. Expected benefits segmentation of international tourists participating in Zimbabwe safari tourism. Journal of Tourism Theory and Research. 2024;10:83–94.
MLA T Muraicho, Emmanuel Brighton et al. “Expected Benefits Segmentation of International Tourists Participating in Zimbabwe Safari Tourism”. Journal of Tourism Theory and Research, vol. 10, no. 2, 2024, pp. 83-94, doi:10.24288/jttr.1520914.
Vancouver T Muraicho EB, Birdir K, Sahilli Birdir S. Expected benefits segmentation of international tourists participating in Zimbabwe safari tourism. Journal of Tourism Theory and Research. 2024;10(2):83-94.