Konaklama işletmelerinde birey-örgüt uyumunun iş performansı ve işte kalma niyeti üzerine etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, konaklama işletmelerinde birey-örgüt uyumunun işgörenlerin iş performansı ve işte kalma niyeti üzerindeki etkisini belirlemektir. Öncelikle konuyla ilgili bir yazın taraması yapılmış olup, buradan elde edilen bilgilerle beşli Likert türü ve üç bölümden oluşan bir anket geliştirilmiştir. Muğla bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren beş yıldızlı konaklama işletmelerindeki işgörenlerle yüz yüze görüşme yapılarak çalışmanın amacına uygun özellikte olan toplam 399 katılımcıya bir anket uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler PASW istatistik programı ile analiz edilerek değişkenlere faktör analizi, korelasyon ve çoklu regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Birey-örgüt uyumunun “iş performansı” ve “işte kalma niyeti” bağımlı değişkenleri ile ilişkisi olduğu ve onları pozitif yönde etkilediği belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Birey-örgüt uyumu, İş performansı, İşte kalma niyeti

The effects of person-organization fit on job performance and intention to remain in hospitality business

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to determine the effects of person-organization fit on job performance and intention to remain in hospitality business. First, questionnaire for this study is developed from literature on a 5-point Likert-type that has three parts questions. Through conducting a face-to-face interview, a total of 399 questionnaires are collected from employees of five-star hotels in Mugla. PASW statistical package program is used to analyze the data that includes various statistical tools such as factor analysis, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. As a result, the findings indicate that P-O fit has a positive correlation with job performance and intention to remain and affects them.

Keywords

• Person-organization fit,Job performance,Intention to remain at work

References

1. Ambrose, M.L., Arnaud, A.,& Schminke, M. (2008). Individual moral development and ethical climate: The influence of person–organization fit on job attitudes. Journal of Business Ethics, 77, 323-333.
2. Andrews, M.C., Baker, T.,& Hunt, T.G. (2011). Values and person-organization fit: Doesmoral intensity strengthen outcomes? Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 32(1), 5-19.
3. Barutçugil, I. (2002). Performans yönetimi. Istanbul: Kariyer Yayinlari. Cable, D.M. & Judge,T.A. (1997). Interviewers' perceptions of person-organization fit and organizational selection decisions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(4), 546-561.
4. Caldwell, D.F. & O'Reilly, C.A. (1990). Measuring person-job fit with a profile-comparison process. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75(6), 648-657.
5. Carless, S.A. (2005). Person–job fit versus person-organization fit as predictors of organizational attraction and job acceptance intentions: A longitudinal study. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 78, 411-429.
6. Chatman, J. (1991). Matching people and organizations: Selection and socialization in public accounting firms. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36, 459-484.
7. Chen, P.Y. & Spector, P.E. (1992). Relationships of work stressors with aggression, withdrawal, theft, and substance use: An exploratory study. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 65(3), 177-184.
8. Da Silva, N., Hutcheson, J.,& Wahl, G.D. (2010). Organizational strategy and employee outcomes: a person–organization fit perspective. The Journal of Psychology, 144(2), 145-161.

9. Demir, M. & Tütüncü, O. (2010). Agirlama isletmelerinde örgütsel sapma ile isten ayrilma egilimi arasindaki iliski. Anatolia: Turizm Arastirmalari Dergisi, 61(1), 64-74.
10. Demir, M. (2010). Duygusal zekanin insan kaynaklari seçimindeki etkisi: Konaklama isletmelerinde yöneticiler üzerine bir arastirma. Uluslararasi Insan Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1), 1066-1081.
11. Demir, M. (2011). Effects of organizational justice, trust and commitment on employees' deviant behavior. Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 22(2), 204-221.
12. Demir, M. (2011b). Isgörenlerin çalisma yasami kalitesi algilamalarinin iste kalma niyeti ve ise devamsizlik ile iliskisi. Ege Akademik Bakis Dergisi, 11(3), 453-464.
13. Demir, M., Demir, S.S., & Nield, K. (2015). The relationship between person-organization fit, organizational identification and work outcomes. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 16(2), 369-386.
14. Dutton, J.E., Dukerich, J.M.,& Harquail, C.V. (1994). Organizational images and member identification. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39(2), 239-263.
15. Edwards, J.R. (1991). Person-job fit: A conceptual integration, literature review, and methodological critique. In C.L. Cooper & I.T. Robertson (Eds.), International review of industrial and organizational psychology (pp.283-357). New York: Wiley.
16. Feather, N.T. & Rauter, K.A. (2004). Organizational citizenship behaviours in relation to job status, job insecurity, organizational commitment and identi. cation, job satisfaction and work values. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 77(1), 81-94.
17. Fox, S., Spector, P.E.,& Miles, D. (2001). Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) in response to job stressors and organizational justice: Some mediator and moderator tests for autonomy and emotions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 59(3), 291-309.
18. Janssen, O. & Van Yperen, N.W. (2004). Employees' goal orientations, the quality of leader-member exchange, and the outcomes of job performance and job satisfaction. Academy of Management Journal, 47(3), 368-384.
19. Janssen, O. (2001). Fairness perceptions as a moderator in the curvilinear relationships between job demands, and job performance and job satisfaction. Academy of Management Journal, 44(5), 1039-1050.
20. Johari, J. & Yahya, K.K. (2009). Linking organizational structure, job characteristics,and job performance constructs: A proposed framework. International Journal of Business and Management, 4(3), 145-152.
21. Katzell, R. A., Thompson, D.E.,& Guzzo, R.A. (1992). How job satisfaction and job performance are and are not linked. In C.J. Cranny, P.C. Smith, & E.F. Stone (Eds.) Job satisfaction (pp. 195-218), New York: Lexington Books.
22. Kristof-Brown, A.L., Zimmerman, R.D.,& Johnson, E.C. (2005). Consequences of individuals' fit at work: A meta-analysis of person-job, person-organization, person-group, and person-supervisor fit. Personnel Psychology, 58(2), 281-342.
23. Lauver, K.J. & Kristof-Brown, A. (2001). Distinguishing between employees' perceptions of person-job and person-organization fit. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 59(3), 454-470.
24. Lee, C. & Way, K. (2010). Individual employment characteristics of hotel employees that play a role in employee satisfaction and work retention. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29(3), 344-353
25. Li, C.K. & Hung, C.H. (2010). An examination of the mediating role of person-job fit in relations between information literacy and work outcomes. Journal of Workplace Learning, 22(5), 306-318.
26. Liu, B., Liu, J.,& Hu, J. (2010). Person-organization fit, job satisfaction, and turnover intention: an empirical study in the Chinese public sector. Social Behavior and Personality, 38(5), 615-626.
27. Meyer, J.P., Stanley, D.J., Herscovitch, L., & Topolnytsky, L. (2002). Affective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization: A meta-analysis of antecedents, correlates, and consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 61(1), 20-52.
28. Miller, V.D., Allen, M., Casey, M.K.,& Johnson, J.R. (2000). Reconsidering the organizational identification questionnaire. Management Communication Quarterly, 13(4), 626-658.
29. Morrow, P.C., McElroy, J.C., Laczniak, K.S.,& Fenton, J.B. (1999). Using absenteeism and performance to predict employee turnover: Early detection through company records. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 55(3), 358–374.
30. Mowday, R., Porter, L.,& Steers, R. (1982). Employee-organization linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism and turnover, New York: Academic Press.
31. Nagy, M.S. (2002). Using a single-item approach to measure facet job satisfaction. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 75(1), 77–86.
32. Namasivayam, K. & Zhao, X. (2007). An investigation of the moderating effects of organizational commitment on the relationships between work–family conflict and job satisfaction among hospitality employees in India, Tourism Management, 28(5), 1212-1223.
33. Nikolaou, I. (2003). Fitting the person to the organisation: examining the personality-job performance relationship from a new perspective. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18(7), 639-648.
34. O'Reilly, C.A., Chatman, J.,& Caldwell, D.F. (1991). People and organizational culture: A profile comparison approach to assessing person-organization fit. Academy of Management Journal, 34(3), 487-516.
35. Özdamar, K. (1999). Paket programlar ile istatistiksel veri analizi. Eskisehir: Kaan Kitabevi.
36. Robbins, S. P. (1998). Organizational behavior (8th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
37. Ryan A.M. & Schmit M.J. (1996). An assessment of organizational climate and P-E fit: A tool for organizational change. The International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 4(1), 75-95.
38. Saks, A.M. & Ashforth, B.E. (2002). Is job search related to employment quality? It all depends on the fit. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 646-654.
39. Sekaran, U. (2000). Research methods for business: A skill building approach. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
40. Sekuguchi, T. (2004). Person-organization fit and person job fit in employee selection: A review of literature. Osaka Keidei Ronshu, 54(6), 179-196.
41. Shamir, B. & Kark, R. (2004). A single-item graphic scale for the measurement of organizational identification. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 77(1), 115-123.
42. Song, Z. & Chathoth, P.K. (2011). Intern newcomers' global self-esteem, overall job satisfaction, and choice intention: Person-organization fit as a mediator. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(1), 119-128. Sonnentag, S. & Frese, M. (2002). Performance concepts and performance theory. In S. Sonnentag (Ed.) Psychological Management of Individual Performance (pp.4-25). NewYork: John Wiley & Sons.
43. Simsek, M.S., Çelik, Ç., Akgemci, T. & Fettahlioglu, T. (2006). Örgütlerde yabancilasmanin yönetimi arastirmasi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15(1), 569-587.
44. Van Dick, R. ve Digerleri (2004). Should I stay or should I go? Explaining turnover intentions with organizational identification and job satisfaction. British Journal of Management, 15(4), 351-360.
45. Vogel, R.M. & Feldman, D.C. (2009). Integrating the levels of person-environment fit: The roles of vocational fit and group fit. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75(1), 68-81.
46. Williams, L.J. & Anderson, S.E. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. Journal of Management, 17(3), 601-617.