Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism industry: An evaluation from the hotel managers' perspective

Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 44 - 57, 31.01.2021

Mahmut Demir Şirvan Şen Demir Ali Dalgıç Fatma Doğanay Ergen

https://doi.org/10.24288/jttr.857610

Cited By: 15

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic, which is seen as a source of crisis worldwide, has also had negative effects in many ways in the tourism industry. In this process, it is important to find out the problems caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and its solutions to tourism businesses. The aim of the research is to determine the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in the tourism industry, to evaluate the views of hotel managers and to offer solutions to problems in hotels. The research data were collected through face-to-face interviews with the hotel managers in Bodrum-Muğla. The interviews, in which a semi-structured interview technique was used to collect data, were held between July-September 2020. The data were analyzed with the descriptive analysis technique. The analysis was respectively carried out as the conceptual structure, modelling of data, organizing data through tables, and interpretation of findings. As a result, it has been revealed that the Covid-19 pandemic affects hotel businesses economically, socially and psychologically.

Keywords

Covid-19 pandemic, tourism, hotel managers, anxiety, economic impacts, social impacts

Supporting Institution

Isparta University of Applied Sciences

Project Number

2020-CVD191-0062

Thanks

The authors would like to thank the Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit for financially supporting this research under Contract No. 2020-CVD191-0062

References

• Altınay Özdemir, M. (2020). Covid-19 salgını sonrası alınan önlemlerle turizm: Muhtemel senaryolar. Journal of Recreation and Tourism Research/JRTR, 7(2), 222-238.
• Anguera-Torrell, O., Aznar-Alarcón, J. P., & Vives-Perez, J. (2020). COVID-19: hotel industry response to the pandemic evolution and to the public sector economic measures. Tourism Recreation Research, 1-10.
• Aydın, B., & Doğan, M. (2020). Yeni koronavirüs (COVID-19) pandemisinin turistik tüketici davranışları ve Türkiye turizmi üzerindeki etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi. Pazarlama Teorisi ve Uygulamaları Dergisi, 6(1), 93-115.
• Bahar, O., & Çeli̇k İlal, N . (2020). Coronavirüsün (Covid-19) turizm sektörü üzerindeki ekonomik etkileri. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research , 6 (1) , 125-139 . DOI: 10.24289/ijsser.728121
• Baum, T. & Hai, T., T., N. (2020). Hospitality, Tourism, Human Rights and the Impact of COVID-19. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(7), 2397-2407.
• Bayat, G. (2020). The Effects of COVID-19 on the Tourism Sector and Hotel Businesses: The Case of Marmaris. Igdir University Journal of Social Sciences, 23, 617-634.
• Bhuiyan, M. A. H., Hassan, S., Darda, M. A., & Habib, M. W. (2020). Aspects of sustainable tourism development and COVID-19 pandemic. Preprints 2020, 2020080418.
• Carter, W. N. (2008). Disaster management: A disaster manager's handbook. Asian Development Bank.
• Coppola, D. P. (2006). Introduction to international disaster management. Elsevier.
• Cucinotta D., & Vanelli M. (2020). WHO Declares COVID-19 a Pandemic. Acta Biomedica, 91(1),157-60. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v91i1.9397
• Demi̇r, M , Günaydın, Y. & Demi̇r, Ş. (2020). Koronavirüs (Covid-19) salgınının Türkiye'de turizm üzerindeki öncülleri, etkileri ve sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi . International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research , 6 (1) , 80-107 . DOI: 10.24289/ijsser.734263
• Demir, Ş. Ş. (2020). Türkiye’de Covid-19 sürecinde turizmle ilgili yayınlanan genelgelerin analizi. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 6(4), 491-500.
• European Parliament, (2020a). COVID-19 and the Tourism Sector. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/ATAG/2020/649368/EPRS_ATA(2020)649368_EN.pdf, (22.10.2020).
• European Parliament, (2020b). COVID-19: EU Support for the Tourism Industry. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/headlines/society/20200429STO78175/covid-19-eu-support-for-the-tourism-industry, (22.10.2020).
• Faulkner, B. (2001). Towards a framework for tourism disaster management. Tourism Management, 22(2), 135-147.
• Ghebreyesus, T.A. (2020). WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19. https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020 ( 22.03.2020).
• Hao, F., Xiao, Q., & Chon, K. (2020). COVID-19 and China’s hotel industry: Impacts, a disaster management framework, and post-pandemic agenda. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 90, 102636.
• Jiang, Y. & Wen, J. (2020), Effects of COVID-19 on hotel marketing and management: a perspective article", International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32 (8), 2563-2573. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-03-2020-0237
• Johnson, B. & Christensen, L. (2008). Educational Research: Quantitative, Qualitative, And Mixed Approaches. New York: Sage.
• Kaushal, V. & Srivastava, S. (2021). Hospitality and Tourism Industry Amid COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspectives on Challenges and Learnings from India. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 92, 1-9.
• Kılıç, B., Aslan, H., & Gövce, M. Covid-19 sonrası turistik tüketim tutumu. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(COVID-19 Special Issue), 554-570.
• Kukanja, M., Planinc, T., & Sikošek, M. (2020). Crisis Management Practices in Tourism SMEs During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Organizacija, 53(4).
• Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı (2020). https://mugla.ktb.gov.tr/TR-271320/konaklama-tesisleri.html
• Lai, I. K. W., & Wong, J. W. C. (2020). Comparing crisis management practices in the hotel industry between initial and pandemic stages of COVID-19. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.
• Manderson, L., & Levine, S. (2020). COVID-19, Risk, Fear, and Fall-out. https://doi.org/10.1080/01459740.2020.1746301
• Neuman, W. L. & Robson, K. (2014). Basics Of Social Research. Toronto: Pearson Canada.
• Nicola, M., Alsafi, Z., Sohrabi, C., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabir, A., Iosifidis, C., Agha, M. & Agha, R. (2020). The Socio-Economic Implications of the Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19): A Review. International Journal of Surgery, 78, 185-193.
• OECD, (2020). OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19). Tourism Policy Responses to the coronavirus (COVID-19). https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/policy-responses/tourism-policy-responses-to-the-coronavirus-covid-19-6466aa20/#boxsection-d1e31 (21.10.2020).
• Özaltın Türker, G. (2015). Covid-19 salgını turizm sektörünü nasıl etkiler? Turizm akademisyenleri perspektifinden bir değerlendirme. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 6(2), 207-224.
• Rai, N., & Thapa, B. (2015). A study on purposive sampling method in research. Kathmandu: Kathmandu School of Law.
• Ritchie, B. W. (2009). Crisis and disaster management for tourism. Channel View Publications.
• Sam, S. K., Kim, J., Badu-Baiden, F., Giroux, M., & Choi, Y. (2020). Preference for robot service or human service in hotels? Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 102795.
• Siddiquei, I. M. & Khan, W. (2020). Economic Implications of Coronavirus. Journal of Public Affairs, June 15, 1-3.
• Sigala, M. (2020). Tourism and COVID-19: Impacts and implications for advancing and resetting industry and research. Journal of Business Research. 117, 312-321.
• Škare, M., Soriano, D. R., & Porada-Rochoń, M. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on the travel and tourism industry. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120469
• TUİK, (2020a). Turizm İstatistikleri, I. Çeyrek: Ocak-Mart 2020. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. 30 Nisan 2020 Tarihli ve 22672 Sayılı Haber Bülteni.
• TUİK, (2020b). Turizm İstatistikleri, III. Çeyrek: Temmuz-Eylül, 2020. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. 30 Ekim 2020 Tarihli ve 33674 Sayılı Haber Bülteni.
• Unwto (2020). COVID-19 AND TOURISM 2020: A year in review. https://webunwto.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/2020-12/2020_Year_in_Review_0.pdf -- (Son erişim tarihi: 21.12.2020).
• Yenişehirlioğlu, E., & Salha, H. (2020). Covid 19 pandemisinin Türkiye iç turizmine yansımaları: Değişen talep üzerine bir araştırma. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(37), 355-368.
• Zeng, Z., Chen, P. J., & Lew, A. A. (2020). From high-touch to high-tech: COVID-19 drives robotics adoption. Tourism Geographies, 1-11.