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Khrushchev's Policies toward Religion: Repression in a Period of Reform

Year 2008, Volume: 18 Issue: 18, 83 - 91, 01.08.2008

Abstract

Nikita Sergeyevich Kruşçev iktidarının en bilinen özelliği, Stalin'in politikalarına eleştirel yaklaşması ve Sovyet halkı üzerindeki baskıyı azaltmış olmasıdır. Stalin döneminde hapse, çalışma kampına ve sürgüne gönderilen pek çok kişinin hakları, Kruşçev döneminde iade edilmiştir. Ancak bu görece liberalleşme döneminde bir alan üzerindeki baskı azaltılmamıştır, o da dindir. Kruşçev'in dini inanışlara yönelik politikaları, en az kendisinden önceki Sovyet lideri Stalin'inkiler kadar baskıcı olmuştur. Bu makale, Kruşçev yönetiminin dine yönelik politikalarını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Makalenin cevaplamaya çalıştığı araştırma sorusu şudur: Neden Kruşçev, diğer pek çok alanda halk üzerindeki baskıyı azalttığı halde dine yönelik baskıcı politikalar izlemiştir?

References

  • ALEXANDROV, K., “Religion: Recent Anti-Religious Propaganda in the USSR”, bulletin, Institute for the Study of USSR. VI/6 (June 1959).
  • BALA, Mirza, “Sovyetler Birli i’nde slam Dinine Yeni Hücumlar” (New Attacks Against Islam in the Soviet Union), dergi, IV/13 (1958), p. 3-13.
  • BENNINGSEN, Alexandre, Paul Henze, George K. Tanham and S. Enders Wimbush, Soviet Strategy and Islam, The Macmillan Press, 1989.
  • BRESLAUER, George W., “Khrushchev Reconsidered”, in Stephen F. Cohen, Alexander Rabinowitch, Robert Sharlet, The Soviet Union Since Stalin, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 1980.
  • DAVLETS N, T., “Sovyet Rejimi artlar Alt nda Sovyetler Birli i Müslümanlar n n Elli Y ll k Hayat ” (Fifty Years of Muslims in the Soviet Union Under the Circumstances of the Soviet Regime), dergi, XII/46 (1966), p. 3.
  • FIELD, Mark G., “Religion and Soviet Society: A Sociologist’s Viewpoint”, Studies on the Soviet Union, IX/2 (1969).
  • KANTEM R, A., “ slamiyet ve Komünizm” (Islam and Communism), dergi, V/16 (1959), p. 3-15.
  • KONSTANTINOV, D., “The Results of Soviet Persecution of the Orthodox Church”, bulletin, XII/5 (May 1965), p. 39.
  • KUNTA, Abdurrahman, “Sovyetler Birli inde Müslümanl n Gerçek Durumu” (The Real Situation of Islam in the Soviet Union), dergi, X/35-36 (1964), p. 26-38.
  • LAMM, Hans, “Jews and Judaism in the Soviet Union”, Studies on the Soviet Union, V/4 (1966).
  • MEDVEDEV, Roy, Khrushchev, Anchor Press, Doubleday, New York, 1983.
  • MOJZES, Paul, Religious Liberty in Eastern Europe and USSR, Columbia University Press, New York, 1992, p. 87-92.
  • PENNAR, Jaan and Ivan I. Bankalo, “The Religious Dimension in Soviet Education”, Studies on the Soviet Union, IX/2 (1969), p. 59.
  • POSPIELOVSKY, Dimitry V., Soviet Anti-Religious Campaigns and Persecutions: A History of Soviet Atheism in Theory and Practice, and the Believer, Vol. 2, St. Martin’s Press, New York, 1988.
  • TEODOROV Ç, N. A., “Sovyetler Birli i’nde slam Dinine Kar Yeni Kovalamacalar”, (New Attacks on Islam in the Soviet Union), dergi, VIII/26-27 (1962), p. 61-74.
  • TEODOROV Ç, N. A., “Dine Kar Sovyet Propagandas ve slamiyet” (Soviet Propaganda Against Religion and Islam), dergi, XII/44 (1966), p. 27-35.
  • TEODOROVICH, Nadezhda, “The Rejunevation of the Russian Orthodox Clergy”, Studies on the Soviet Union, V/4 (1966), p. 38-39.
  • TREADGOLD, Donald W., 20th Century Russia, University of Washington, Westviev Press, 1995.
  • von STACKELBERG, Georg, “Sovyetler Birli i Müslüman Halklar Üzerinde slamiyet’in Etkisi” (The Influence of Islam Upon Muslim Peoples of Soviet Union), dergi, XII/45 (1966), p. 15-16.
  • von STACKELBERG, Georg, “The Tenacity of Islam in Soviet Central Asia”, Studies on the Soviet Union, V/4 (1966).
  • Philip Walters, “A Survey of Soviet Religious Policy”, Religious Policy in the Soviet Union, Sabrina Petra Ramet (ed.), Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 1993.

Khrushchev's Policies toward Religion: Repression in a Period of Reform

Year 2008, Volume: 18 Issue: 18, 83 - 91, 01.08.2008

Abstract

The rule of Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev has mainly been characterized by the Destalinization campaign and decrease of pressure on the Soviet people. It was thanks to his policies that many people sent to prisons, labor camps and exile during the Stalin era were rehabilitated. However, there was one field exempted from the relative liberalization campaign: Religion. His policy on religion was as repressive as that of Stalin, if not more. This paper aims to shed light on Khrushchev’s policy toward religion. The research question of the article is the following: Why did he carry out repressive policies as regard to religion, while decreasing pressure on other areas?

References

  • ALEXANDROV, K., “Religion: Recent Anti-Religious Propaganda in the USSR”, bulletin, Institute for the Study of USSR. VI/6 (June 1959).
  • BALA, Mirza, “Sovyetler Birli i’nde slam Dinine Yeni Hücumlar” (New Attacks Against Islam in the Soviet Union), dergi, IV/13 (1958), p. 3-13.
  • BENNINGSEN, Alexandre, Paul Henze, George K. Tanham and S. Enders Wimbush, Soviet Strategy and Islam, The Macmillan Press, 1989.
  • BRESLAUER, George W., “Khrushchev Reconsidered”, in Stephen F. Cohen, Alexander Rabinowitch, Robert Sharlet, The Soviet Union Since Stalin, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 1980.
  • DAVLETS N, T., “Sovyet Rejimi artlar Alt nda Sovyetler Birli i Müslümanlar n n Elli Y ll k Hayat ” (Fifty Years of Muslims in the Soviet Union Under the Circumstances of the Soviet Regime), dergi, XII/46 (1966), p. 3.
  • FIELD, Mark G., “Religion and Soviet Society: A Sociologist’s Viewpoint”, Studies on the Soviet Union, IX/2 (1969).
  • KANTEM R, A., “ slamiyet ve Komünizm” (Islam and Communism), dergi, V/16 (1959), p. 3-15.
  • KONSTANTINOV, D., “The Results of Soviet Persecution of the Orthodox Church”, bulletin, XII/5 (May 1965), p. 39.
  • KUNTA, Abdurrahman, “Sovyetler Birli inde Müslümanl n Gerçek Durumu” (The Real Situation of Islam in the Soviet Union), dergi, X/35-36 (1964), p. 26-38.
  • LAMM, Hans, “Jews and Judaism in the Soviet Union”, Studies on the Soviet Union, V/4 (1966).
  • MEDVEDEV, Roy, Khrushchev, Anchor Press, Doubleday, New York, 1983.
  • MOJZES, Paul, Religious Liberty in Eastern Europe and USSR, Columbia University Press, New York, 1992, p. 87-92.
  • PENNAR, Jaan and Ivan I. Bankalo, “The Religious Dimension in Soviet Education”, Studies on the Soviet Union, IX/2 (1969), p. 59.
  • POSPIELOVSKY, Dimitry V., Soviet Anti-Religious Campaigns and Persecutions: A History of Soviet Atheism in Theory and Practice, and the Believer, Vol. 2, St. Martin’s Press, New York, 1988.
  • TEODOROV Ç, N. A., “Sovyetler Birli i’nde slam Dinine Kar Yeni Kovalamacalar”, (New Attacks on Islam in the Soviet Union), dergi, VIII/26-27 (1962), p. 61-74.
  • TEODOROV Ç, N. A., “Dine Kar Sovyet Propagandas ve slamiyet” (Soviet Propaganda Against Religion and Islam), dergi, XII/44 (1966), p. 27-35.
  • TEODOROVICH, Nadezhda, “The Rejunevation of the Russian Orthodox Clergy”, Studies on the Soviet Union, V/4 (1966), p. 38-39.
  • TREADGOLD, Donald W., 20th Century Russia, University of Washington, Westviev Press, 1995.
  • von STACKELBERG, Georg, “Sovyetler Birli i Müslüman Halklar Üzerinde slamiyet’in Etkisi” (The Influence of Islam Upon Muslim Peoples of Soviet Union), dergi, XII/45 (1966), p. 15-16.
  • von STACKELBERG, Georg, “The Tenacity of Islam in Soviet Central Asia”, Studies on the Soviet Union, V/4 (1966).
  • Philip Walters, “A Survey of Soviet Religious Policy”, Religious Policy in the Soviet Union, Sabrina Petra Ramet (ed.), Cambridge, Cambridge University Press 1993.
There are 21 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Birgül Demirtaş Coşkun This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2008
Published in Issue Year 2008 Volume: 18 Issue: 18

Cite

APA Coşkun, B. D. (2008). Khrushchev’s Policies toward Religion: Repression in a Period of Reform. Karadeniz Araştırmaları, 18(18), 83-91.
AMA Coşkun BD. Khrushchev’s Policies toward Religion: Repression in a Period of Reform. Karadeniz Araştırmaları. August 2008;18(18):83-91.
Chicago Coşkun, Birgül Demirtaş. “Khrushchev’s Policies Toward Religion: Repression in a Period of Reform”. Karadeniz Araştırmaları 18, no. 18 (August 2008): 83-91.
EndNote Coşkun BD (August 1, 2008) Khrushchev’s Policies toward Religion: Repression in a Period of Reform. Karadeniz Araştırmaları 18 18 83–91.
IEEE B. D. Coşkun, “Khrushchev’s Policies toward Religion: Repression in a Period of Reform”, Karadeniz Araştırmaları, vol. 18, no. 18, pp. 83–91, 2008.
ISNAD Coşkun, Birgül Demirtaş. “Khrushchev’s Policies Toward Religion: Repression in a Period of Reform”. Karadeniz Araştırmaları 18/18 (August 2008), 83-91.
JAMA Coşkun BD. Khrushchev’s Policies toward Religion: Repression in a Period of Reform. Karadeniz Araştırmaları. 2008;18:83–91.
MLA Coşkun, Birgül Demirtaş. “Khrushchev’s Policies Toward Religion: Repression in a Period of Reform”. Karadeniz Araştırmaları, vol. 18, no. 18, 2008, pp. 83-91.
Vancouver Coşkun BD. Khrushchev’s Policies toward Religion: Repression in a Period of Reform. Karadeniz Araştırmaları. 2008;18(18):83-91.