Atık Ahşap Örneklerinin Laboratuvar Ölçekli Isıloksidasyonu Sonucu Oluşan Polisiklik Aromatik Hidrokarbonların PAHlar ve Metoksifenollerin MFler Araştırılması

Year 2015, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 1 - 8, 01.01.2015

Sema Yurdakul Günter Baumbach Bertram Kuch

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, atık ahşap örneklerinin düşük sıcaklıkta oksidasyonu sonucu oluşan Polisiklik Aromatik Hidrokarbonlar PAHlar ve Metoksifenoller MPler laboratuvar ölçekli küçük bir yanma sisteminde ölçülmüştür. Deneyler sırasında dört çeşit ahşap malzeme kullanılmıştır; kimyasal maddeyle işlem görmemiş sert kereste HW , kimyasal maddeyle işlem görmemiş ibreli kereste SW , işlenmiş ahşap çatı malzemesi RM ve işlenmiş ahşap pencere çerçevesi WF . Gaz halindeki yanma örneklerinin toplanması için XAD-2 adsorbent tüpleri kullanılmıştır. Toplanan örnekler ekstre edildikten sonra, ekstreler Agilent 5971 Kütle Seçici MS detektörü bağlanmış Hewlett Packard 6890 Gaz Kromatografi si GK ile analiz edilmiştir. Naftalin, asenaftilen ve retenin sert kerestedeki toplam PAH konsantrasyonuna katkıları ibreli kerestedeki ölçülen değerlerinden daha yüksek olarak bulunmuştur. Buna karşılık ibreli kereste örneklerindeki phenantrene, antrasen, fl uoranthene, benzo a antrasen, chrysene ve benyo b fl uoranthene’in toplam PAH konsantrayonuna ortalama katkıları sert keresteye kıyaslan daha yüksek olarak bulunmuştur. Syringol, 4-metil syringol, 4-metil guaiacol, eugenol, propyl syringol, 4-etil syringol, syringylaceton ve iso-eugenol sert kereste örneklerinde en çok bulunan bileşiklerdir. Diğer taraftan, 4-methylguaiacol, iso-eugenol, guaiacol, eugenol ve vanilin ise ibreli kereste örneklerinde en çok bulunan bileşiklerdir.

Keywords

Biyokütle, Atık ahşap, PAH, Metoksifenol, Isıl oksidasyon, GK-MS

Investigation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons PAHs and Methoxyphenols MPs from laboratory scale thermal oxidation of waste wood samples

Abstract

In the present study, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons PAHs and Methoxyphenols MPs emitted from the low temperature oxidation of the waste wood samples were identified in the laboratory scale small burning system. Four types of waste wood including untreated hardwood HW , untreated softwood SW , treated roof material RM and treated window frame WF were examined during the experiments. XAD-2 adsorbent tubes were used for sampling of the gaseous combustion products. After extraction of the sample tubes, extracts were analyzed by using the Hewlett Packard 6890 GC coupled with Agilent 5971 Mass Selective MS Detector. The relative average contributions of the naphthalene, acenaphthylene and retene in hardwood samples were found higher than those measured in softwood. On the contrary, the relative average contribution of the phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, benzo a anthracene, chrysene and benzo b fluoranthene to the total PAH concentration in softwood samples were obtained higher as compared to hardwood sample. Syringol, 4-methyl syringol, 4 methyl guaiacol, eugenol, properlysyringol, 4-ethylsyringol, syringylacetone and iso-eugenol were found to be most abundant compounds in the hardwood samples. On the other hand, the most observed compounds in the softwood samples were 4-methylguacicol, iso-eugenol, guaiacol, eugenol and vanillin.

Keywords

Biomass, Waste wood, PAHs, Methoxy Phenols, Thermal oxidation, GC-MS

References

• Bari, A. 2009. Investigation of particulate matter originating from wood combustion in residential areas, Unpublished PhD. Thesis, Stuttgart University.
• Bari, A., Baumbach, G., Kuch, B., Scheffknecht, G. 2010. Particle-phase concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air of rural residential areas in southern Germany. Air Qual. Atmos. Health, 3(2): 103–116.
• Demirbas, A. 2003.Toxic air emissions from biomass combustion. Energy Sources, 25(5): 419-427.
• Ibach, RE. 1999. Wood Handbook, Chapter 19: Specialty Treatments Publication: General Technical Report FPL- GTR-190. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory.Madison.
• Samaras, S., Skodras, G., Sakellaropoulos, G.P., Blumenstock, M., Schramm, K.W., Kettrup, A. 2001.Toxic emissions during co-combustion of biomass–waste wood–lignite blends in an industrial boiler. Chemosphere, 43(4-7):751-755.
• Schauer, J.J., Kleeman, M.J., Cass, G.R., Simoneit, B.T. 2001. Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources. 3. C1-C29 organic compounds from fi replace combustion of wood. Environ. Sci. Technol., 35: 1716-1728.