Comparative Analysis of Phase Extraction Techniques Used for Detection of Ceramic Surface Defects with Hybrid Optical Imaging System

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 12 - 26, 19.11.2025

Duygu Demircan , Gülhan Ustabas Kaya , Rukiye Uzun Arslan

Abstract

This study employs a hybrid optical imaging system (HOGS) for the high-accuracy detection of surface defects in ceramic materials. Combining lateral shear digital holography and microscopic fringe projection profilometry techniques, this system enables the three-dimensional (3D) visualization and analysis of micro-level defects on surfaces. To extract phase information from the holographic images, three different phase retrieval methods were applied: Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT), Fourier Transform (FT), and Hilbert Transform (HT). Under the CWT method, the Mexican Hat wavelet used successfully captures surface defects at high resolution, while also visualizing dust and other small particles on the surface. FT, although commonly preferred for detecting defects in specific areas, was found insufficient in providing complete information as some defects spreading across the surface were partially removed during the filtering process. HT, on the other hand, effectively isolated only the areas containing surface defects by eliminating noise sources. The results indicate that the HD technique, when combined with the HOGS system, offers a reliable and efficient solution for automated surface defect detection and quality control processes in the ceramics industry. Based on the findings, the applicability of optical imaging techniques and phase retrieval methods for detecting micro-level defects on ceramic surfaces has been evaluated, introducing a new approach in this field.

Keywords

HOGS , Holography , Optical Imaging , Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) , Fourier Transform (FT) , Hilbert Transform (HT)

Thanks

We would like to thank "ISV Saniter Seramik Sanayi A.Ş." for contributing to the experimental studies of this article by supplying ceramic materials containing various defect surfaces.

Hibrit Optik Görüntüleme Sistemi ile Seramik Yüzey Kusurlarının Tespit Edilmesi için Kullanılan Faz Çıkarma Tekniklerinin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, seramik malzemelerde yüzey kusurlarının yüksek doğrulukla tespit edilmesi için hibrit optik görüntüleme sistemini (HOGS) kullanmaktadır. Yanal kesme sayısal holografi ve mikroskobik saçak projeksiyon profilometrisi tekniklerini birleştiren bu sistem, yüzeydeki mikro boyuttaki kusurların üç boyutlu (3B) olarak görüntülenmesini ve analiz edilmesini sağlamaktadır. Holografik görüntülerdeki faz bilgisini çıkarmak için Sürekli Dalgacık Dönüşümü (SDD), Fourier Dönüşümü (FD) ve Hilbert Dönüşümü (HD) olmak üzere üç farklı faz bulma yöntemi uygulanmıştır. SDD yöntemi altında kullanılan Mexican Hat dalgacığı, yüzeydeki kusurları yüksek çözünürlükle yakalarken, aynı zamanda yüzeyde bulunan toz ve diğer küçük parçacıkları da görüntülemektedir. FD, belirli alanlardaki kusurların tespiti için sıklıkla tercih edilse de, filtreleme işlemi sırasında yüzeye yayılan kusurların bir kısmını ortadan kaldırarak tam bir bilgi sunmada yetersiz kalmıştır. HD ise, gürültü kaynaklarını etkili bir şekilde elimine ederek yalnızca yüzey kusurunun bulunduğu alanı izole edebilmiştir. Sonuçlar, HOGS sistemi ile birlikte kullanılan HD tekniğinin, seramik endüstrisinde otomatik yüzey kusur tespiti ve kalite kontrol süreçlerinde güvenilir ve etkili bir çözüm sunduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında, optik görüntüleme teknikleri ile faz çıkarma yöntemlerinin seramik yüzeylerdeki mikro düzeydeki kusurların tespitinde uygulanabilirliği değerlendirilmiş ve bu alanda yeni bir yaklaşım sunulmuştur.

Keywords

HOGS , Hologram , Optik Görüntüleme , Sürekli Dalgacık Dönüşümü (SDD) , Fourier Dönüşümü (FD) , Hilbert Dönüşümü (HD)

Thanks

Çeşitli kusur yüzeylerini içerisinde barındıran seramik malzeme temini ile bu makalenin deneysel çalışmalarına katkıda bulunan "ISV Saniter Seramik Sanayi A.Ş."ye teşekkür ederiz.

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