Kömür Şlamlarının Flotasyonunda Köpürtücü Karışımlarının Köpük Çapı ve Yanabilir Verim Üzerindeki Etkisi

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 108 - 119, 19.11.2025

Meltem Eke , Nazlım İlkyaz Dinç , Ş. Beste Aydın

Abstract

Kömür madenciliğinde mekanizasyonun gelişmesi ile elde edilen ince kömür miktarının artması ve ince boyutta kül oranının yüksek olması gibi nedenlerden dolayı -0,5 mm boyutundaki kömür şlamları kömür yıkama tesislerinde atık havuzlarında bekletilmektedir. Tesislerde büyük miktarda bulunan bu şlamların sürdürülebilirlik doğrultusunda ekonomiye kazandırılarak atık miktarının azaltılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, flotasyon yöntemiyle kömür şlamlarının daha verimli bir şekilde zenginleştirilmesi amacıyla, çok sayıda ve küçük çaplı hava kabarcıkları üretmek için farklı tipteki tekli köpürtücüler ile bu köpürtücülerin ikili karışımlarının kabarcık çapları üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Elde edilen kabarcık çapı verileri yanabilir verim, kül içeriği ve su verimi açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada köpürtücülere göre çevreye daha zararlı ve daha yüksek maliyetli olan kerosenin miktarının arttırılarak yüksek yanabilir verim değerlerine ulaşılması yerine benzer verimlerin köpürtücü karışımları ile elde edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda kollektör olarak 1200 g/t kerosen ve köpürtücü olarak 100+100 g/t (200 g/t) Dowfroth 250-İzooktanol karışımı kullanılarak şlam kömürden %83,4 yanabilir verim ile %15,72 kül içerikli kömür kazanımı %17,54 su verimi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Keywords

Flotasyon , kömür şlamı , köpük çapı , köpürtücüler

Effect of Frother Blends on Froth Diameter and Combustible Recovery on Coal Slime Flotation

Abstract

Due to the increase in the amount of fine coal obtained due to the development of mechanization in coal mining and the high ash ratio in fine size, coal slimes below 0.5 mm are stored in waste ponds at coal washing plants. These slimes, which are found in large quantities in the plants, should be economised in line with sustainability, and the amount of waste should be reduced. In this study, the effect of different types of single frothers and dual blends of these frothers on bubble diameters was investigated in order to produce a large number of small diameter air bubbles for more efficient beneficiation of coal slimes by the flotation method. The bubble diameter data obtained were evaluated in terms of combustible recovery, ash content, and water recovery. In the study, it was aimed to obtain similar recoveries with frother blends instead of achieving high combustible recovery by increasing the amount of kerosene, which is more costly and more harmful to the environment than frothers. As a result of the study, using 1200 g/t kerosene as a collector and 100+100 g/t (200 g/t) Dowfroth 250-Isooctanol blend as a frother, coal enrichment was achieved with an ash content of 15.72%, combustible recovery of 83.4%, and water recovery of 17.54% from coal slime.

Keywords

Flotation , coal slime , froth diameter , frothers

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