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Traditional Usage of the Fir Species: Fir as a Christmas Tree from Middle Asia to Europe

Year 2012, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 8 - 14, 01.09.2012

Abstract

References

  • Aci (Adj), M., 2001. “Türklerin ve Büyük Bozkırın Eski Târihi” Atatürk Kültür Merkezi Yayınları s. 47-50 Ankara 202.
  • Agro Atlas (2003-2009). Interactive Agricultural Ecological Atlas of Russia and Neigboring Countries Project. www.agroatlas.ru/en/content/related/abies_sibirica/m ap/.
  • Ahmetyanov R.G., 1981. Obşaya Leksika Duhovnoy Kulturı Naradov Srednego Povojya, Moskova.
  • Alp, S., 2002. Hitit Güneşi. Tübitak yayını. Sayfa 27).
  • Bayat, F., 2010. Türk Kültüründe Kadın Şaman. Ötüken Neşriyat A. Ş., İstanbul. ISBN: 978-975-437- 767-5. T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı Sertifika Numarası: 16267.
  • Bezrukova, E.V., Belov, A.V., Orlova L. A., 2011. Holocene Vegetation and climate variability in North Pre-Baikal region, East Sibiria, Russia. Quaternary International, Elsevier. 237(2011)74-82.
  • Chzegledy, K., 1998. Bozkır Kavimlerinin Doğudan Batıya Göçleri, Özne. Dahiliye Vekaleti, Türkiye Meskun Yerler Kılavuzu.
  • Cırlar, Q., 1976. Tatar Halig İcatı. Kazan s. 96- 107.
  • Conifer Specialist Group, 1998. Abies sibirica. 2006. Red list of Threadtened Species IUCN. http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/32317/ 0.
  • Çığ, M. İ., 2007. Yeniden Doğuş Bayramı. Vatan Gazetesi, 18.12.2007., www.yalikavak.bel.tr.
  • Debreczy, Z., Racz, I., 2011. Conifers Arround the World, Volumes 1 and 2. DendroPress Ltd. Budapest. ISBN -978-963-219-061-70.
  • Kamanidou, İ., Arabatzis Garyfallos, D., Batzios, Athanasios Ch., 2010. Natural vs. Artificial Christmas Trees: Age effects on households decoration behaviour. Journal of Food Agriculture & Environment, Volume 8, Issue:3-4 Pages: 1378- 1382, Part 2.
  • Kvitko, O.V.& Muratova, E.N. & Bazhina, E.V., 2011. Cytogenetics of Abies sibirica in Decline Fir Stands Contermroray Problems of Ecology. Vol. 4, No.6 pp.641-646. M DEcline Fir Stands of West Sayan High Mountains. Contenporaray Problems of Ecology, 2011, Vol. 4, No. 6, pp. 641-646.
  • Möhämmätcanov, R., 1972. Başgortstan Tatarlarının Yola Cırları. Kazan Utları, s. 12.
  • Nadirov, İ., 1991. Türkiye Dışındaki Türk Edebiyatı. 17. Cilt, Ankara, s.72.
  • Ögel, S., 1994. Anadolu’nun Selçuklu Çehresi, Akbank yayını, 1994, sayfa 113).
  • Roux, J.P., 1984-2000. Histoire Des Turcs. Çeviri:Türklerin Tarihi. Kabalcı Yayınevi, 2004, İstanbul.
  • Semerikova, S.A., Semerikov, V. L., 2006. Genetic Variation and Popılation Differentiation in Siberian Fir Abies sibirica Ledeb. Inferred from Allozyme Markers. Russian Journal of Genetics, 2006, Vol. 42. No. 6. Pp.636-644.
  • Sevin, V., 2003. Anadolu Arkeolojisi, Der Yayını, 2003 sayfa 221).
  • Stevenson, M., 2011. Ten Facts About the Christmas www.circlegame.com/life/feast.htm. Holiday.
  • Tarasov, P., Bezrukova, E., Karabanov, E. & Nakagawa, T., Wagner, M. and others, 2007. Vegetation and climate Dynamics during the Holocene and Eemian inter glacials derived from lake Baikal pollen Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology 252 (2007) 440-457.
  • Records. Paleogeography,
  • Warren, R., Johnson, E. W. 1998: A guide to the Firs (Abies spp.) of the Arnold Arboretum. Arnold Arboratum. Arnoldia 48 (1): 2-48.
  • Zaripova Çetin, Ç., 2004: Tatar Türklerinin Mevsimlerle İlgili Gelenkleri. Türk Dünyası Araş Kasım-Aralık, 2004.

Traditional Usage of the Fir Species: Fir as a Christmas Tree from Middle Asia to Europe

Year 2012, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 8 - 14, 01.09.2012

Abstract

During the meeting of Council Nicea (325 AC) it was decided that December 25 th (by protestant church December 24 th) the well-known pagan holiday dedicated to the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ. Germans used first Christmas tree in Christmas in 16th Century. Today Christmas is celebrating worldwide with Christ tree. As Christ Church accepted, Christmas celebration is originated by Pagan celebration, which is very similar with Turkish “Nardugan”. This Shamanism tradition Nardugan (wintry solstice holiday) has to be celebrating by Turkish communities for about 3200 years. Most important part of the celebration is decorating of tree “Akçam” (White pine), which is also called “life tree” according to shamanism tradition in Altay region. Although this tree is called as white pine, all historical sources and traditional illustrations, designate to be a fir. In the light of foregoing; if geographical distribution of the boreal tree species is considered this white pine could be Abies sibirica with high probability. This result could expound also why today Abies spp. are used as Christ tree worldwide

References

  • Aci (Adj), M., 2001. “Türklerin ve Büyük Bozkırın Eski Târihi” Atatürk Kültür Merkezi Yayınları s. 47-50 Ankara 202.
  • Agro Atlas (2003-2009). Interactive Agricultural Ecological Atlas of Russia and Neigboring Countries Project. www.agroatlas.ru/en/content/related/abies_sibirica/m ap/.
  • Ahmetyanov R.G., 1981. Obşaya Leksika Duhovnoy Kulturı Naradov Srednego Povojya, Moskova.
  • Alp, S., 2002. Hitit Güneşi. Tübitak yayını. Sayfa 27).
  • Bayat, F., 2010. Türk Kültüründe Kadın Şaman. Ötüken Neşriyat A. Ş., İstanbul. ISBN: 978-975-437- 767-5. T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı Sertifika Numarası: 16267.
  • Bezrukova, E.V., Belov, A.V., Orlova L. A., 2011. Holocene Vegetation and climate variability in North Pre-Baikal region, East Sibiria, Russia. Quaternary International, Elsevier. 237(2011)74-82.
  • Chzegledy, K., 1998. Bozkır Kavimlerinin Doğudan Batıya Göçleri, Özne. Dahiliye Vekaleti, Türkiye Meskun Yerler Kılavuzu.
  • Cırlar, Q., 1976. Tatar Halig İcatı. Kazan s. 96- 107.
  • Conifer Specialist Group, 1998. Abies sibirica. 2006. Red list of Threadtened Species IUCN. http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/32317/ 0.
  • Çığ, M. İ., 2007. Yeniden Doğuş Bayramı. Vatan Gazetesi, 18.12.2007., www.yalikavak.bel.tr.
  • Debreczy, Z., Racz, I., 2011. Conifers Arround the World, Volumes 1 and 2. DendroPress Ltd. Budapest. ISBN -978-963-219-061-70.
  • Kamanidou, İ., Arabatzis Garyfallos, D., Batzios, Athanasios Ch., 2010. Natural vs. Artificial Christmas Trees: Age effects on households decoration behaviour. Journal of Food Agriculture & Environment, Volume 8, Issue:3-4 Pages: 1378- 1382, Part 2.
  • Kvitko, O.V.& Muratova, E.N. & Bazhina, E.V., 2011. Cytogenetics of Abies sibirica in Decline Fir Stands Contermroray Problems of Ecology. Vol. 4, No.6 pp.641-646. M DEcline Fir Stands of West Sayan High Mountains. Contenporaray Problems of Ecology, 2011, Vol. 4, No. 6, pp. 641-646.
  • Möhämmätcanov, R., 1972. Başgortstan Tatarlarının Yola Cırları. Kazan Utları, s. 12.
  • Nadirov, İ., 1991. Türkiye Dışındaki Türk Edebiyatı. 17. Cilt, Ankara, s.72.
  • Ögel, S., 1994. Anadolu’nun Selçuklu Çehresi, Akbank yayını, 1994, sayfa 113).
  • Roux, J.P., 1984-2000. Histoire Des Turcs. Çeviri:Türklerin Tarihi. Kabalcı Yayınevi, 2004, İstanbul.
  • Semerikova, S.A., Semerikov, V. L., 2006. Genetic Variation and Popılation Differentiation in Siberian Fir Abies sibirica Ledeb. Inferred from Allozyme Markers. Russian Journal of Genetics, 2006, Vol. 42. No. 6. Pp.636-644.
  • Sevin, V., 2003. Anadolu Arkeolojisi, Der Yayını, 2003 sayfa 221).
  • Stevenson, M., 2011. Ten Facts About the Christmas www.circlegame.com/life/feast.htm. Holiday.
  • Tarasov, P., Bezrukova, E., Karabanov, E. & Nakagawa, T., Wagner, M. and others, 2007. Vegetation and climate Dynamics during the Holocene and Eemian inter glacials derived from lake Baikal pollen Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology 252 (2007) 440-457.
  • Records. Paleogeography,
  • Warren, R., Johnson, E. W. 1998: A guide to the Firs (Abies spp.) of the Arnold Arboretum. Arnold Arboratum. Arnoldia 48 (1): 2-48.
  • Zaripova Çetin, Ç., 2004: Tatar Türklerinin Mevsimlerle İlgili Gelenkleri. Türk Dünyası Araş Kasım-Aralık, 2004.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Gülzade Kahveci This is me

Publication Date September 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 12 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kahveci, G. (2012). Traditional Usage of the Fir Species: Fir as a Christmas Tree from Middle Asia to Europe. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 12(3), 8-14.
AMA Kahveci G. Traditional Usage of the Fir Species: Fir as a Christmas Tree from Middle Asia to Europe. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. September 2012;12(3):8-14.
Chicago Kahveci, Gülzade. “Traditional Usage of the Fir Species: Fir As a Christmas Tree from Middle Asia to Europe”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 12, no. 3 (September 2012): 8-14.
EndNote Kahveci G (September 1, 2012) Traditional Usage of the Fir Species: Fir as a Christmas Tree from Middle Asia to Europe. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 12 3 8–14.
IEEE G. Kahveci, “Traditional Usage of the Fir Species: Fir as a Christmas Tree from Middle Asia to Europe”, Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 8–14, 2012.
ISNAD Kahveci, Gülzade. “Traditional Usage of the Fir Species: Fir As a Christmas Tree from Middle Asia to Europe”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 12/3 (September 2012), 8-14.
JAMA Kahveci G. Traditional Usage of the Fir Species: Fir as a Christmas Tree from Middle Asia to Europe. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2012;12:8–14.
MLA Kahveci, Gülzade. “Traditional Usage of the Fir Species: Fir As a Christmas Tree from Middle Asia to Europe”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, vol. 12, no. 3, 2012, pp. 8-14.
Vancouver Kahveci G. Traditional Usage of the Fir Species: Fir as a Christmas Tree from Middle Asia to Europe. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2012;12(3):8-14.

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