Land-use/vegetation cover and soil erosion impacts on soil properties of hilly slopes in Drama Prefecture of Northern Greece.

Year 2017, Volume: 17 Issue: 3, 427 - 433, 27.11.2017

George Zaimes , Kostas Kayiaoglu Athanasios Kozanidis

https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.300074

Cited By: 5

Abstract

Abstract

Aim of study: Soil erosion is one of the most
serious threats because of the multiple effects it has on society. The
Mediterranean region is extremely susceptible to severe erosion because of the
inappropriate agricultural management, overgrazing, deforestation, wildfires,
land abandonment, urbanization, etc. Land-use/vegetation cover has a major
impact on soil erosion and soil properties. The aim of this study was to compare
soil properties of slopes of hills with three different land-uses/vegetation
covers.

Area of study: The study was conducted on
different slopes along Menoikio Mountain of the Prefecture of Drama in Greece.

Material and Methods: The three different land-uses/vegetation
covers investigated were: a) cultivated areas, b) grazed rangelands and c)
forested areas. Each slope had all three land-uses/vegetation covers and was
separated in three parts: a) top, b) middle and c) bottom slope. Five soil
samples were collected from each part. The soil samples were analyzed in the
laboratory for the following soil properties: a) clay, silt and sand
percentage, b) soil texture, c) soil density, d) soil moisture, e) pH and f)
organic matter.

Main results: Significant differences among the
three land-uses/vegetation covers were expected to be found because of the
difference in soil erosion rates and also among the three slope parts because
of the difference in erosional and depositional process that take place. This was
not the case because in some soil variables other parameters e.g. other
management practices in the three land-uses (grazing in the forested areas)
were as influential.

Highlights: Examines
land-use/vegetation cover implications on soil properties due to erosional and
depositional process along a slope and provides insights to land managers of
Greece in regards to soil management practices in order to promote
sustainability.

Keywords

Agricultural practices, Forested areas, Slope position, Climate Change

Kuzey Yunanistan’ın Drama bölgesinde kara kullanımının/bitki örtüsünün ve toprak erozyonunun engebeli yamaçlardaki toprak özelliklerine olan etkisi

Abstract

Özet

Çalışmanın
amacı:
Toplum üzerine olan birçok etkisinden dolayı, toprak erozyonu en ciddi
tehlikelerden biridir. Akdeniz Bölgesi; uygun olmayan tarımsal yönetim, aşırı
otlatma, ormansızlaşma, orman yangınları, terk edilmiş araziler, şehirleşme vb.
nedenler sebebiyle erozyona oldukça duyarlıdır. Arazi kullanımı/bitki örtüsü
toprak erozyonu ve toprak özellikleri üzerinde büyük bir etkiye sahiptir. Bu
çalışmanın amacı, üç farklı arazi kullanımı/bitki örtüsünde tepe yamaçlarının
toprak özelliklerini karşılaştırmaktır.

Çalışma
Alanı:
Çalışma, Yunanistan'da Drama Bölgesi Menoikio Dağı boyunca farklı yamaçlar
üzerinde yürütülmüştür.

Materyal
ve Yöntem:
Araştırılan üç farklı arazi kullanımını/bitki örtüsünü a) ekili alanlar b)
otlatılan meralar ve c) ormanlık alanlar oluşturmaktadır. Her yamaç üç farklı
arazi kullanımını/bitki örtüsünü barındırıp, a) üst, b) orta ve c) alt yamaç
olmak üzere üç kısma ayrılmıştır. Her kısımdan beş adet toprak örneği
toplanmıştır. Toplanan toprak örnekleri: a) kil, silt ve kum yüzdesi, b) toprak
tekstürü, c) toprak yoğunluğu, d) toprak nemi, e) pH ve f) organik madde gibi
toprak özelliklerini belirlemek için laboratuvarda analiz edilmiştir.

Sonuçlar: Toprak erozyon
oranlarındaki farklılık nedeniyle üç arazi kullanımı/bitki örtüsü arasında
önemli farklılıkların bulunması ve aynı şekilde, gerçekleşen erozyon ve çökelme
sürecindeki farklılık nedeniyle üç yamaç kısmı arasında da önemli
farklılıkların gözlemlenmesi beklenmekteydi. Bazı toprak özelliklerindeki diğer
değişkenler örneğin, üç farklı arazi kullanımındaki diğer yönetim
uygulamaları  (ormanlık alanda otlatma)
sebebiyle sonuçlar beklenilen şekilde değildi.

Araştırma
Vurguları: Bu
çalışma, bir yamaç boyunca erozyon ve birikme süreçleri nedeniyle arazi
kullanımının/bitki örtüsünün toprak özellikleri üzerine olan etkilerini inceler
ve sürdürülebilirliği teşvik etmek için toprak yönetim uygulamaları hakkında
Yunanistan’ın arazi yöneticilerine fikir verir. 

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