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The Seasonal and Spatial Distribution of Trichoptera Larvae in the Araç Creek (Kastamonu, Karabük, Turkey)

Year 2020, Volume: 20 Issue: 1, 1 - 10, 25.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.705683

Abstract

Aim of study: The larvae of different insect species are used to assess water quality at various pollution levels. The aim of this study was to determine the species composition and seasonal distribution of Trichoptera larvae of the Araç Creek and relation with physicochemical parameters.
Area of study: Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected between April and October 2013 seasonally to determine the trichopteran species of the Araç Creek.
Material and method: The samples were collected using a standard dip net (500µm). The trichopteran taxa were identified using Leica APO S8 binocular stereomicroscope. Environmental variables were measured in the field using portable instruments while total hardness was measured according to the standard analytical methods.
Main results: Fifteen trichopteran taxa were identified from the Araç Creek. Three of them could be identified at the genus level. The maximum number of trichopteran larvae were collected at station 2 (311 individuals) while the fewest trichopteran were collected at station 6 (87 individuals). Hydropsyche botosaneanui was found to be the dominant species in Araç Creek.
Research highlights: A total of 1223 larvae belonging to Trichoptera were collected from the Araç Creek. 15 taxa belonging to 9 genera of 8 different families (Brachycentridae, Hydropsychidae, Hydroptilidae, Lepidostomatidae, Leptoceridae, Limnephilidae, Psychomyiidae and Rhyacophilidae) were identified. The highest number of individuals was found in the spring season.

Supporting Institution

Kastamonu University, Scientific Research Projects Coordination Department

Project Number

KUBAP-01/ 2012-10

References

  • Baptista, D. F., Buss, D. F., Egler, M., Giovanelli, A., Silveira, M. P. & Nessimian, J. L. (2007). A multimetric index based on benthic macroinvertebrates for evaluation of Atlantic Forest streams at Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Hydrobiologia, 575(1), 83-94.
  • Bispo, P. D. C., Oliveira, L. G., Bini L. M. & Sousa, K. G. D. (2006). Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera assemblages from riffles in mountain streams of Central Brazil: environmental factors influencing the distribution and abundance of immatures. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 66(2B), 611-622.
  • Bonada, N., Zamora-Muñoz, C., Rieradevall, M. & Prat, N. (2004). Trichoptera (Insecta) collected in Mediterranean river basins of the Iberian Peninsula: taxonomic remarks and notes on ecology. Graellsia, 60(1), 41-69.
  • Brown, L. E., Hannah, D. M. & Milner, A. M. (2007). Vulnerability of alpine stream biodiversity to shrinking glaciers and snowpacks. Global Change Biology, 13(5), 958-966.‏ http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01341.x
  • Cummins, K. W. (1973). Trophic relations of aquatic insects. Annual Review of Entomology, 18, 183-206. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.18.010173.001151
  • Darılmaz, M. C. & Salur, A. (2015). Annotated catalogue of the Turkish caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera). Munis Entomology & Zoology, 10(Suppl.), 521-734.
  • Demirsoy, A. (1996). Genel ve Türkiye Zoocoğrafyası “Hayvan Coğrafyası, Meteksan A.Ş., Ankara, 630.
  • Dohet, A. (2002). Are caddisflies an ideal group for the biological assessment of water quality in streams? Nova Supplementa Entomologica (Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Trichoptera) 15, 507-520.
  • Edington, J. M & Hildrew, A. G. (1981). Caseless caddis larvae of the British isles., Freshwater Biological Association, 43, 91.
  • Frutiger, A. (2004). Ecological impacts of hydroelectric power production on the River Ticino. Part 2: Effects on the larval development of the dominant benthic macroinvertebrate (Allogamus auricollis, Trichoptera), Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 159(1), 57-75.
  • Greve, G. D., van der Geest, H. G., Stuijfzand, S. C., Engels, S. & Kraak, M. H. S. (1998). Development of ecotoxicity tests using laboratory reared larvae of the riverine caddisflies Hydropsyche angustipennis and Cyrnus trimaculatus. Proceedings of the Section Experimental and Applied Entomology, Netherlands Entomological Society, 9, 205-210.
  • Hasmi, N. A., Ramlan, N., Musa, N. N. & Faizzainuddin, M. A. (2017). Influence of Physicochemical parameters on abundance of Aquatic Insects in Rivers of Perak, Malaysia. Proceedings of 72nd IASTEM International Conference September 5-6, 2017. Melbourne, Australia, 1-5.
  • Hughes, S. J. (2006). Temporal and spatial distribution patterns of larval trichoptera in Madeiran streams. Hydrobiologia, 553(1), 27-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-005-0627-1
  • Kazancı, N. & Ertunc, O. (2010). Use of Simuliidae (Insecta, Diptera) species as indicators of aquatic habitat quality of Yeşilırmak River Basin (Turkey). Review of Hydrobiology, 3(1), 27-36.
  • Küçükbasmacı, İ. & Kıyak, S. (2017). A study on the caddisfly fauna (Insecta: Trichoptera) of Kastamonu and a new species record for Turkey. Munis Entomology & Zoology, 12(2), 486-499.
  • Lechthaler, W. (2007). Trichoptera families: key to larvae from central Europe [DVD], Eutaxa.
  • Lechthaler, W. & Stockinger, W. (2005). Trichoptera: key to larvae from central Europe [DVD], Eutaxa.
  • Lock, K. & Goethals, P. L. M. (2012). Distribution and ecology of the caddisflies (Trichoptera) of Flanders (Belgium), Annales de Limnologie-International Journal of Limnology, 48, 31–37.
  • Mereta, S. T., Boets, P., De Meester, L. & Goethals, P. L. (2013). Development of a multimetric index based on benthic macroinvertebrates for the assessment of natural wetlands in Southwest Ethiopia. Ecological Indicators, 29, 510-521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.01.026
  • Morse, J. C. (Ed.) (2018). Trichoptera World Checklist. Retrieved from http://entweb.clemson.edu/database/trichopt/index.htm (Accessed date: October 2018).
  • Narangarvuu, D., Oyunbileg, J., Yang, P. S. & Boldgiv, B. (2015) Distribution of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera assemblages in relation to environmental variables in headwater streams of Mongolia. Environmental Earth Sciences, 73(2), 835-847.
  • Ode, P. R., Rehn, A. C. & May, J. T. (2005). A quantitative tool for assessing the integrity of southern coastal California streams. Environmental management, 35(4), 493-504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-004-0035-8
  • Özdemir, E. & Sunlu, U. (1996). Su Kalitesi. (II.Baskı). İzmir: Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi.
  • Pauls, S. U., Graf, W., Haase, P., Lumbsch, H. T. & Waringer, J. (2008). Grazers, shredders and filtering carnivores--the evolution of feeding ecology in Drusinae (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae): insights from a molecular phylogeny. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 46, 776-791. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2007.11.003
  • Pirvu, M. & Pacioglu, O. (2012). The ecological requirements of caddisflies larvae (Insecta: Trichoptera) and their usefulness in water quality assessment of a river in south-west Romania. Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, (407), 03. https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2012029
  • Regulation on the Amendment of Surface Water Quality Regulation (in Turkish) (2016). Official Gazette (No: 29797). Retrieved from http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2016/08/20160810-9-1.pdf (Accessed date: October 2019).
  • Resh, V. H. (1993). Recent trends in the use of Trichoptera in water quality monitoring. (Editor Otto C. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Trichoptera) Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands. 285-291.
  • Resh, V. H. & Unzicker, J. D. (1975). Water quality monitoring and aquatic organisms: the importance of species identification. Journal Water Pollution Control Federation, 47, 9-19.
  • Rogowski, D. L. & Stewart, K. R. (2016). Effects of increased temperature on a Trichoptera (Hydropsychidae) from premontane forest streams in Southern Costa Rica. Tropical Ecology, 57(1), 57-68.
  • Schmera D. & Eros T. (2004). Effect of riverbed morphology, stream order and season on the structural and functional attributes of caddisfly assemblages (Insecta: Trichoptera), Annales de Limnologie-International Journal of Limnology, 40, 193-200.
  • Skuja, A. & Spuņģis, V. (2010). Influence of environmental factors on the distribution of caddisfly (Trichoptera) communities in mediumsized lowland streams in Latvia, Estonian Journal of Ecology, 59 (3), 197.215.
  • Sipahiler, F. (2016). Two new species of Trichoptera (Psychomyiidae, Beraeidae) from Turkey. Nova Acta Científica Compostelana (Bioloxía), 23, 61-64.
  • Sipahiler, F. (2017a). Four new species of the genus Kelgena Mey from Turkey (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae, Chaetopterygini). Nova Acta Científica Compostelana (Bioloxía), 24, 13-20.
  • Sipahiler, F. (2017b). Descriptions of two new species of the genus Psilopteryx Stein from Turkey (Trichoptera, Limnephilidae, Chaetopterygini). Nova Acta Científica Compostelana (Bioloxía), 24, 69-73.
  • Sipahiler, F. (2018a). Three new species of caddisflies (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae, leptoceridae) from Turkey and faunistic list for the Seyhan and Ceyhan rivers. Nova Acta Científica Compostelana (Bioloxía), 25, 37-43.
  • Sipahiler, F. (2018b). Studies on the males of the genus Philopotamus Leach in Turkey (Trichoptera, Philopotamidae). Nova Acta Científica Compostelana (Bioloxía), 25, 55-70.
  • Urbanič G. (2006). Distribution and structure of Trichoptera assemblages in the ecoregion Hungarian lowland in Slovenia. Proceedings of the 36th International Conference of the International Association for Danube Research September 4-8, 2006. Vienna, Klosterneuburg, Austria, 285- 289.
  • Van den Brink, F.W.B., Van der Velde, G., & Wijnhoven, S. (2013). Seasonal changes in caddisfly larval assemblages in river-floodplain habitats along a connectivity gradient, Hydrobiologia, 716(1), 75-85.
  • Zeybek, M. & Koşal-Şahin, S. (2016). The Distribution of Trichoptera Assemblages In Relation To Environmental Variables in the Streams of Tunceli (Turkey). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 25(11), 4972-4981.

Trichoptera Larvalarının Araç Çayı’nda (Kastamonu, Karabük, Türkiye) Mevsimsel ve Mekânsal Dağılımı

Year 2020, Volume: 20 Issue: 1, 1 - 10, 25.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.705683

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı: Farklı böcek türlerinin larvaları, çeşitli kirlilik seviyelerinde su kalitesini değerlendirmek için kullanılır. Bu çalışmada, Araç Çayı’nın Trichoptera larvası tür kompozisyonunu ve mevsimsel dağılımlarını tespit etmek ve bazı fiziko-kimyasal parametrelerle ilişkisini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.
Çalışma alanı: Araç Çayı'nın trichopteran türlerini ve trichopteran türleri ile su kalitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek için Nisan ve Ekim 2013 arasında Bentik makro omurgasızlar mevsimsel olarak toplanmıştır.
Materyal ve yöntem: Örnekler, standart bir dip kepçesi (500 µm) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Trichoptera taksonları Leica APO S8 binoküler stereomikroskop kullanılarak teşhis edilmiştir. Çevresel değişkenler taşınabilir cihazlar kullanılarak sahada ölçülmüştür. Laboratuarda toplam sertlik standart analitik yöntemlere göre ölçülmüştür.
Temel sonuçlar: Araç çayında Trichoptera takımına ait 15 takson tespit edilmiştir. En fazla bireye 311 bireyle 2. istasyonda rastlanırken, en az bireye 87 bireyle 6. istasyonda rastlanılmıştır. Hydropsyche botosaneanui türü Araç çayında en fazla bulunan türdür.
Araştırma vurguları: Araç çayında, trichoptera takımına ait toplam 1223 larva toplanmıştır. 8 farklı familyanın (Brachycentridae, Hydropsychidae, Hydroptilidae, Lepidostomatidae, Leptoceridae, Limnephilidae, Psychomyiidae and Rhyacophilidae) 9 cinsine ait 15 takson teşhis edilmiştir. Çalışmada en fazla bireye ilkbahar mevsiminde rastlanılmıştır.

Project Number

KUBAP-01/ 2012-10

References

  • Baptista, D. F., Buss, D. F., Egler, M., Giovanelli, A., Silveira, M. P. & Nessimian, J. L. (2007). A multimetric index based on benthic macroinvertebrates for evaluation of Atlantic Forest streams at Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Hydrobiologia, 575(1), 83-94.
  • Bispo, P. D. C., Oliveira, L. G., Bini L. M. & Sousa, K. G. D. (2006). Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera assemblages from riffles in mountain streams of Central Brazil: environmental factors influencing the distribution and abundance of immatures. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 66(2B), 611-622.
  • Bonada, N., Zamora-Muñoz, C., Rieradevall, M. & Prat, N. (2004). Trichoptera (Insecta) collected in Mediterranean river basins of the Iberian Peninsula: taxonomic remarks and notes on ecology. Graellsia, 60(1), 41-69.
  • Brown, L. E., Hannah, D. M. & Milner, A. M. (2007). Vulnerability of alpine stream biodiversity to shrinking glaciers and snowpacks. Global Change Biology, 13(5), 958-966.‏ http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01341.x
  • Cummins, K. W. (1973). Trophic relations of aquatic insects. Annual Review of Entomology, 18, 183-206. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.18.010173.001151
  • Darılmaz, M. C. & Salur, A. (2015). Annotated catalogue of the Turkish caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera). Munis Entomology & Zoology, 10(Suppl.), 521-734.
  • Demirsoy, A. (1996). Genel ve Türkiye Zoocoğrafyası “Hayvan Coğrafyası, Meteksan A.Ş., Ankara, 630.
  • Dohet, A. (2002). Are caddisflies an ideal group for the biological assessment of water quality in streams? Nova Supplementa Entomologica (Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Trichoptera) 15, 507-520.
  • Edington, J. M & Hildrew, A. G. (1981). Caseless caddis larvae of the British isles., Freshwater Biological Association, 43, 91.
  • Frutiger, A. (2004). Ecological impacts of hydroelectric power production on the River Ticino. Part 2: Effects on the larval development of the dominant benthic macroinvertebrate (Allogamus auricollis, Trichoptera), Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 159(1), 57-75.
  • Greve, G. D., van der Geest, H. G., Stuijfzand, S. C., Engels, S. & Kraak, M. H. S. (1998). Development of ecotoxicity tests using laboratory reared larvae of the riverine caddisflies Hydropsyche angustipennis and Cyrnus trimaculatus. Proceedings of the Section Experimental and Applied Entomology, Netherlands Entomological Society, 9, 205-210.
  • Hasmi, N. A., Ramlan, N., Musa, N. N. & Faizzainuddin, M. A. (2017). Influence of Physicochemical parameters on abundance of Aquatic Insects in Rivers of Perak, Malaysia. Proceedings of 72nd IASTEM International Conference September 5-6, 2017. Melbourne, Australia, 1-5.
  • Hughes, S. J. (2006). Temporal and spatial distribution patterns of larval trichoptera in Madeiran streams. Hydrobiologia, 553(1), 27-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-005-0627-1
  • Kazancı, N. & Ertunc, O. (2010). Use of Simuliidae (Insecta, Diptera) species as indicators of aquatic habitat quality of Yeşilırmak River Basin (Turkey). Review of Hydrobiology, 3(1), 27-36.
  • Küçükbasmacı, İ. & Kıyak, S. (2017). A study on the caddisfly fauna (Insecta: Trichoptera) of Kastamonu and a new species record for Turkey. Munis Entomology & Zoology, 12(2), 486-499.
  • Lechthaler, W. (2007). Trichoptera families: key to larvae from central Europe [DVD], Eutaxa.
  • Lechthaler, W. & Stockinger, W. (2005). Trichoptera: key to larvae from central Europe [DVD], Eutaxa.
  • Lock, K. & Goethals, P. L. M. (2012). Distribution and ecology of the caddisflies (Trichoptera) of Flanders (Belgium), Annales de Limnologie-International Journal of Limnology, 48, 31–37.
  • Mereta, S. T., Boets, P., De Meester, L. & Goethals, P. L. (2013). Development of a multimetric index based on benthic macroinvertebrates for the assessment of natural wetlands in Southwest Ethiopia. Ecological Indicators, 29, 510-521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2013.01.026
  • Morse, J. C. (Ed.) (2018). Trichoptera World Checklist. Retrieved from http://entweb.clemson.edu/database/trichopt/index.htm (Accessed date: October 2018).
  • Narangarvuu, D., Oyunbileg, J., Yang, P. S. & Boldgiv, B. (2015) Distribution of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera assemblages in relation to environmental variables in headwater streams of Mongolia. Environmental Earth Sciences, 73(2), 835-847.
  • Ode, P. R., Rehn, A. C. & May, J. T. (2005). A quantitative tool for assessing the integrity of southern coastal California streams. Environmental management, 35(4), 493-504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-004-0035-8
  • Özdemir, E. & Sunlu, U. (1996). Su Kalitesi. (II.Baskı). İzmir: Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi.
  • Pauls, S. U., Graf, W., Haase, P., Lumbsch, H. T. & Waringer, J. (2008). Grazers, shredders and filtering carnivores--the evolution of feeding ecology in Drusinae (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae): insights from a molecular phylogeny. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 46, 776-791. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2007.11.003
  • Pirvu, M. & Pacioglu, O. (2012). The ecological requirements of caddisflies larvae (Insecta: Trichoptera) and their usefulness in water quality assessment of a river in south-west Romania. Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, (407), 03. https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2012029
  • Regulation on the Amendment of Surface Water Quality Regulation (in Turkish) (2016). Official Gazette (No: 29797). Retrieved from http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2016/08/20160810-9-1.pdf (Accessed date: October 2019).
  • Resh, V. H. (1993). Recent trends in the use of Trichoptera in water quality monitoring. (Editor Otto C. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Trichoptera) Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands. 285-291.
  • Resh, V. H. & Unzicker, J. D. (1975). Water quality monitoring and aquatic organisms: the importance of species identification. Journal Water Pollution Control Federation, 47, 9-19.
  • Rogowski, D. L. & Stewart, K. R. (2016). Effects of increased temperature on a Trichoptera (Hydropsychidae) from premontane forest streams in Southern Costa Rica. Tropical Ecology, 57(1), 57-68.
  • Schmera D. & Eros T. (2004). Effect of riverbed morphology, stream order and season on the structural and functional attributes of caddisfly assemblages (Insecta: Trichoptera), Annales de Limnologie-International Journal of Limnology, 40, 193-200.
  • Skuja, A. & Spuņģis, V. (2010). Influence of environmental factors on the distribution of caddisfly (Trichoptera) communities in mediumsized lowland streams in Latvia, Estonian Journal of Ecology, 59 (3), 197.215.
  • Sipahiler, F. (2016). Two new species of Trichoptera (Psychomyiidae, Beraeidae) from Turkey. Nova Acta Científica Compostelana (Bioloxía), 23, 61-64.
  • Sipahiler, F. (2017a). Four new species of the genus Kelgena Mey from Turkey (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae, Chaetopterygini). Nova Acta Científica Compostelana (Bioloxía), 24, 13-20.
  • Sipahiler, F. (2017b). Descriptions of two new species of the genus Psilopteryx Stein from Turkey (Trichoptera, Limnephilidae, Chaetopterygini). Nova Acta Científica Compostelana (Bioloxía), 24, 69-73.
  • Sipahiler, F. (2018a). Three new species of caddisflies (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae, leptoceridae) from Turkey and faunistic list for the Seyhan and Ceyhan rivers. Nova Acta Científica Compostelana (Bioloxía), 25, 37-43.
  • Sipahiler, F. (2018b). Studies on the males of the genus Philopotamus Leach in Turkey (Trichoptera, Philopotamidae). Nova Acta Científica Compostelana (Bioloxía), 25, 55-70.
  • Urbanič G. (2006). Distribution and structure of Trichoptera assemblages in the ecoregion Hungarian lowland in Slovenia. Proceedings of the 36th International Conference of the International Association for Danube Research September 4-8, 2006. Vienna, Klosterneuburg, Austria, 285- 289.
  • Van den Brink, F.W.B., Van der Velde, G., & Wijnhoven, S. (2013). Seasonal changes in caddisfly larval assemblages in river-floodplain habitats along a connectivity gradient, Hydrobiologia, 716(1), 75-85.
  • Zeybek, M. & Koşal-Şahin, S. (2016). The Distribution of Trichoptera Assemblages In Relation To Environmental Variables in the Streams of Tunceli (Turkey). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 25(11), 4972-4981.
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

İbrahim Küçükbasmacı This is me

Özlem Fındık This is me

Project Number KUBAP-01/ 2012-10
Publication Date March 25, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 20 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Küçükbasmacı, İ., & Fındık, Ö. (2020). The Seasonal and Spatial Distribution of Trichoptera Larvae in the Araç Creek (Kastamonu, Karabük, Turkey). Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 20(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.705683
AMA Küçükbasmacı İ, Fındık Ö. The Seasonal and Spatial Distribution of Trichoptera Larvae in the Araç Creek (Kastamonu, Karabük, Turkey). Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. March 2020;20(1):1-10. doi:10.17475/kastorman.705683
Chicago Küçükbasmacı, İbrahim, and Özlem Fındık. “The Seasonal and Spatial Distribution of Trichoptera Larvae in the Araç Creek (Kastamonu, Karabük, Turkey)”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 20, no. 1 (March 2020): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.705683.
EndNote Küçükbasmacı İ, Fındık Ö (March 1, 2020) The Seasonal and Spatial Distribution of Trichoptera Larvae in the Araç Creek (Kastamonu, Karabük, Turkey). Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 20 1 1–10.
IEEE İ. Küçükbasmacı and Ö. Fındık, “The Seasonal and Spatial Distribution of Trichoptera Larvae in the Araç Creek (Kastamonu, Karabük, Turkey)”, Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2020, doi: 10.17475/kastorman.705683.
ISNAD Küçükbasmacı, İbrahim - Fındık, Özlem. “The Seasonal and Spatial Distribution of Trichoptera Larvae in the Araç Creek (Kastamonu, Karabük, Turkey)”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 20/1 (March 2020), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.705683.
JAMA Küçükbasmacı İ, Fındık Ö. The Seasonal and Spatial Distribution of Trichoptera Larvae in the Araç Creek (Kastamonu, Karabük, Turkey). Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2020;20:1–10.
MLA Küçükbasmacı, İbrahim and Özlem Fındık. “The Seasonal and Spatial Distribution of Trichoptera Larvae in the Araç Creek (Kastamonu, Karabük, Turkey)”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, vol. 20, no. 1, 2020, pp. 1-10, doi:10.17475/kastorman.705683.
Vancouver Küçükbasmacı İ, Fındık Ö. The Seasonal and Spatial Distribution of Trichoptera Larvae in the Araç Creek (Kastamonu, Karabük, Turkey). Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2020;20(1):1-10.

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