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Determining Environmental Factors Affecting Bird Diversity

Year 2021, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 244 - 251, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1049336

Abstract

Aim of study: The main purpose of the study is to determine the site factors affecting bird diversity.
Area of study: This study was performed in the Çandır District, Isparta which is located inner part of the Western Mediterranean region.
Material and methods: In present study, Observations were conducted regularly in a total of 43 sample sites in Çandır District, throughout each month in 2016. Also, each sample site was observed using point-counting techniques from the direct observation techniques. In the present study, alpha diversity (Species richness, Menhinick, Margalef, Shannon-Wiener, Brillouin, Simpson, Berger-Parker, and Fisher’s Alpha) values were calculated, and significant variables were determined by using correlation analysis.
Main results: A significant correlation (p=0.05) was determined between alpha diversity values and both environmental and climatic variables. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to compare alpha diversity indexes with each other. Species richness, Shannon, and Brillouin indexes were determined as the variables having the strongest correlation with environmental variables.
Highlights: A better understanding of factors affecting bird species diversity, which are sensitive species of ecosystems, is of great importance for the detection and monitoring of future changes. Especially when it is considered in terms of parameter selection for modeling studies, the mentioned importance increases even more. Therefore, it is thought that the results of this research will be important both in terms of studies conducted in Çandır District and in terms of studies on bird diversity.

References

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  • Burger, J. & Gochfeld, M. (2004). Marine birds as sentinels of environmental pollution. EcoHealth, 1(3), 263-274.
  • Donald, P. F., Pisano, G., Rayment, M. D. & Pain, D. J. (2002). The common agricultural policy EU enlargement and the conservation of Europe’s farmland birds. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environments, 89, 167-182.
  • Grumbin, R. E. (1994). What is ecosystem management?. Conservation Biology, 8 (1), 27–38. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08010027.
  • Hitch, A. T. & Leberg, P. L. (2007). Breeding distributions of North American bird species moving north as a result of climate change. Conservation Biology, 21(2), 534-539.
  • Jost, L. (2006). Entropy and diversity. Oikos, 113(2), 363-375.
  • Katayama, N., Amano, T., Naoe, S., Yamakita, T., Komatsu, I., Takagawa, S. I., Sato, N., Ueta, M. & Miyashita, T. (2014) Landscape heterogeneity–biodiversity relationship: effect of range size. Plos One, 9(3), e93359.
  • Kosicki, J. Z. & Chylarecki, P. (2012). Effect of climate, topography and habitat on species-richness of breeding birds in Poland. Basic and applied ecology, 13(5), 475-483.
  • Li, Y., Brose, U., Meyer, K. & Rall, B. C. (2017). How patch size and refuge availability change interaction strength and population dynamics: a combined individual-and population-based modeling experiment. PeerJ, 5, e2993.
  • Margalef, R. (1968). Perspectives in Ecological Theory: IL, 111. Chicago: University of Chicago press.
  • Mert, A. & Kıraç, A. (2017). Habitat suitability mapping of Anatololacerta danfordi (Günter, 1876) in Isparta-Sütçüler District. Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research, 1(1), 16-22, ISSN, 2587-0742.
  • Negiz, M. G. & Özkan, K. (2019). Reproducing a component diversity index for regional biodiversity assessments. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 28(12 A), 9746-9752.
  • Oğurlu, İ. (2000). Biyolojik Mücadele: S.D.Ü. Yayın no:8, O.F. Yayın no:1. Isparta: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Yayınları.
  • Özdemir, S., Negiz, M. G., Turhan, U. U., Şenol, A. & Arslan, M. (2017). Indicator plant species of alpha diversity in Kuyucak Mountain district. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 18(2), 102-109.
  • Özkan, K. (2007). Ecological properties of Yazili Canyon nature park. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Environment and Forestry, General Directorate of Nature Conservation and National Parks, Technical Report of GEF Project, 104.
  • Özkan, K. (2016). Biyolojik Çeşitlilik Bileşenleri (α, ß, γ) Nasıl Ölçülür? Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Orman Fakültesi Yayın No: 98, ISBN: 976-9944-452-89-2, Isparta, 142.
  • Özkan, K., Küçüksille, E. U., Mert, A., Gülsoy, S., Süel, H. & Başar, M. (2020). Biyolojik Çeşitlilik Bileşenleri (BİÇEB) hesaplama yazılımı. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 21, 344-348.
  • Öztürk, Y. & Tabur, M. A. (2016). Nesting Habitat preferences and reproductive performance of griffon vultures gyps fulvus (Hablizl, 1783) in Afyonkarahisar, Antalya, and Isparta (Turkey). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 25(9), 3303-3310.
  • Peet, R.K. (1974). The measurement of species diversity. Ann. Rev. Ecol. System., 5, 285-307.
  • Peñuelas, J., Filella, I. & Comas, P. (2002). Changed plant and animal life cycles from 1952 to 2000 in the Mediterranean region. Global Change Biology, 8(6), 531-544.
  • Pielou, E.C. (1975). Ecological Diversity, New York, Wiley InterScience.
  • Reif, J., Hanzelka, J., Kadlec,T., Štrobl, M. & Hejda, M. (2016). Conservation implications of cascading effects among groups of organisms: the alien tree Robinia pseudacacia in the Czech Republic as a case study. Biological Conservation, 198, 50–59.
  • Robbins, C.S. (1981). Bird activity levels related to weather. Studies in avian biology, 6, 301-310.
  • RStudio Team (2020). RStudio: Integrated Development for R. RStudio, PBC, Boston, MA URL http://www.rstudio.com/.
  • Sekercioglu, Ç. H. & Riley, A. (2005). A brief survey of the birds in Kumbira Forest. Gabela, Angola. Ostrich-Journal of African Ornithology, 76(3-4), 111-117.
  • Shannon, C.E. (1948). A Mathematical Theory of Communication, The Bell System Technical Journal, 27, 379-423. doi: 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x.
  • Shiu, H. J. & Lee, P. F. (2003). Assessing avian point-count duration and sample size using species accumulation functions. Zoological Studies, 42(2), 357-367.
  • Shochat, E., Abramsky, Z. & Pinshow, B. (2001). Breeding bird species diversity in the Negev: effects of scrub fragmentation by planted forests. Journal of Applied Ecology, 38(5), 1135-1147.
  • Simpson, E.H. (1949). Measurement of diversity, Nature, 163, 688. doi:10.1038/163688a0.
  • Sutherland, W. J., Albon, S. D., Allison, H., Armstrong‐Brown, S., Bailey, M.J., Brereton, T. & Hill, D. (2010). The identification of priority policy options for UK nature conservation. Journal of Applied Ecology, 47(5), 955-965.
  • Süel, H. (2014). Mapping habitat suitability of game animals in Sütçüler district, Isparta. Doctoral Thesis, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, 151. (in Turkish)
  • Tews, J. U., Grimm, B. V., Tielbo¨rger, K., Wichmann, M. C., Schwager, M. & Jeltsch, F. (2004) Animal species diversity driven by habitat heterogeneity/diversity: the importance of keystone structures. J Biogeogr, 31, 79–92.
  • Theobald, D. M., Harrison, Atlas, D., Monahan, W. B. & Albano, C.M. (2015). Ecologically-relevant maps of landforms and physiographic diversity for climate adaptation planning. Plos One, 10(12), e0143619.
  • Thomas, C. D. & Lennon, J. J. (1999). Birds extend their ranges northwards. Nature, 399(6733), 213-213.
  • Thomas, M. R. & Shattock, R.C. (1986). Filamentous fungal associations in the phylloplane of Lolium perenne, Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 87(2), 255-286. doi:10.1016/S0007-1536(86)80029-8.
  • Van Rensburg, B. J., Erasmus, B. F. N., Van Jaarsveld, A. S., Gaston, K. J. & Chown, S. L. (2004). Conservation during times of change: correlations between birds, climate and people in South Africa. South African Journal of Science, 100(5), 266-272.
  • Walker, B. (1995). Conserving biological diversity through ecosystem resilience. Conservation Biology, 9(4), 747-752.
  • Whittaker, R. H. (1977). Evolution of species diversity in land communities. In Evolutionary Biology, (eds M.K. Hecht, W.C. Steree and B.Wallace), Plenum, New York, 10, 1-67.
Year 2021, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 244 - 251, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1049336

Abstract

References

  • Berger, W. H. & Parker, F. L. (1970). Diversity of planktonic foraminifera in deep-sea sediments. Science, 168(3937), 1345-1347.
  • Burger, J. & Gochfeld, M. (2004). Marine birds as sentinels of environmental pollution. EcoHealth, 1(3), 263-274.
  • Donald, P. F., Pisano, G., Rayment, M. D. & Pain, D. J. (2002). The common agricultural policy EU enlargement and the conservation of Europe’s farmland birds. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environments, 89, 167-182.
  • Grumbin, R. E. (1994). What is ecosystem management?. Conservation Biology, 8 (1), 27–38. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08010027.
  • Hitch, A. T. & Leberg, P. L. (2007). Breeding distributions of North American bird species moving north as a result of climate change. Conservation Biology, 21(2), 534-539.
  • Jost, L. (2006). Entropy and diversity. Oikos, 113(2), 363-375.
  • Katayama, N., Amano, T., Naoe, S., Yamakita, T., Komatsu, I., Takagawa, S. I., Sato, N., Ueta, M. & Miyashita, T. (2014) Landscape heterogeneity–biodiversity relationship: effect of range size. Plos One, 9(3), e93359.
  • Kosicki, J. Z. & Chylarecki, P. (2012). Effect of climate, topography and habitat on species-richness of breeding birds in Poland. Basic and applied ecology, 13(5), 475-483.
  • Li, Y., Brose, U., Meyer, K. & Rall, B. C. (2017). How patch size and refuge availability change interaction strength and population dynamics: a combined individual-and population-based modeling experiment. PeerJ, 5, e2993.
  • Margalef, R. (1968). Perspectives in Ecological Theory: IL, 111. Chicago: University of Chicago press.
  • Mert, A. & Kıraç, A. (2017). Habitat suitability mapping of Anatololacerta danfordi (Günter, 1876) in Isparta-Sütçüler District. Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research, 1(1), 16-22, ISSN, 2587-0742.
  • Negiz, M. G. & Özkan, K. (2019). Reproducing a component diversity index for regional biodiversity assessments. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 28(12 A), 9746-9752.
  • Oğurlu, İ. (2000). Biyolojik Mücadele: S.D.Ü. Yayın no:8, O.F. Yayın no:1. Isparta: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Yayınları.
  • Özdemir, S., Negiz, M. G., Turhan, U. U., Şenol, A. & Arslan, M. (2017). Indicator plant species of alpha diversity in Kuyucak Mountain district. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 18(2), 102-109.
  • Özkan, K. (2007). Ecological properties of Yazili Canyon nature park. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Environment and Forestry, General Directorate of Nature Conservation and National Parks, Technical Report of GEF Project, 104.
  • Özkan, K. (2016). Biyolojik Çeşitlilik Bileşenleri (α, ß, γ) Nasıl Ölçülür? Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Orman Fakültesi Yayın No: 98, ISBN: 976-9944-452-89-2, Isparta, 142.
  • Özkan, K., Küçüksille, E. U., Mert, A., Gülsoy, S., Süel, H. & Başar, M. (2020). Biyolojik Çeşitlilik Bileşenleri (BİÇEB) hesaplama yazılımı. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 21, 344-348.
  • Öztürk, Y. & Tabur, M. A. (2016). Nesting Habitat preferences and reproductive performance of griffon vultures gyps fulvus (Hablizl, 1783) in Afyonkarahisar, Antalya, and Isparta (Turkey). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 25(9), 3303-3310.
  • Peet, R.K. (1974). The measurement of species diversity. Ann. Rev. Ecol. System., 5, 285-307.
  • Peñuelas, J., Filella, I. & Comas, P. (2002). Changed plant and animal life cycles from 1952 to 2000 in the Mediterranean region. Global Change Biology, 8(6), 531-544.
  • Pielou, E.C. (1975). Ecological Diversity, New York, Wiley InterScience.
  • Reif, J., Hanzelka, J., Kadlec,T., Štrobl, M. & Hejda, M. (2016). Conservation implications of cascading effects among groups of organisms: the alien tree Robinia pseudacacia in the Czech Republic as a case study. Biological Conservation, 198, 50–59.
  • Robbins, C.S. (1981). Bird activity levels related to weather. Studies in avian biology, 6, 301-310.
  • RStudio Team (2020). RStudio: Integrated Development for R. RStudio, PBC, Boston, MA URL http://www.rstudio.com/.
  • Sekercioglu, Ç. H. & Riley, A. (2005). A brief survey of the birds in Kumbira Forest. Gabela, Angola. Ostrich-Journal of African Ornithology, 76(3-4), 111-117.
  • Shannon, C.E. (1948). A Mathematical Theory of Communication, The Bell System Technical Journal, 27, 379-423. doi: 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x.
  • Shiu, H. J. & Lee, P. F. (2003). Assessing avian point-count duration and sample size using species accumulation functions. Zoological Studies, 42(2), 357-367.
  • Shochat, E., Abramsky, Z. & Pinshow, B. (2001). Breeding bird species diversity in the Negev: effects of scrub fragmentation by planted forests. Journal of Applied Ecology, 38(5), 1135-1147.
  • Simpson, E.H. (1949). Measurement of diversity, Nature, 163, 688. doi:10.1038/163688a0.
  • Sutherland, W. J., Albon, S. D., Allison, H., Armstrong‐Brown, S., Bailey, M.J., Brereton, T. & Hill, D. (2010). The identification of priority policy options for UK nature conservation. Journal of Applied Ecology, 47(5), 955-965.
  • Süel, H. (2014). Mapping habitat suitability of game animals in Sütçüler district, Isparta. Doctoral Thesis, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, 151. (in Turkish)
  • Tews, J. U., Grimm, B. V., Tielbo¨rger, K., Wichmann, M. C., Schwager, M. & Jeltsch, F. (2004) Animal species diversity driven by habitat heterogeneity/diversity: the importance of keystone structures. J Biogeogr, 31, 79–92.
  • Theobald, D. M., Harrison, Atlas, D., Monahan, W. B. & Albano, C.M. (2015). Ecologically-relevant maps of landforms and physiographic diversity for climate adaptation planning. Plos One, 10(12), e0143619.
  • Thomas, C. D. & Lennon, J. J. (1999). Birds extend their ranges northwards. Nature, 399(6733), 213-213.
  • Thomas, M. R. & Shattock, R.C. (1986). Filamentous fungal associations in the phylloplane of Lolium perenne, Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 87(2), 255-286. doi:10.1016/S0007-1536(86)80029-8.
  • Van Rensburg, B. J., Erasmus, B. F. N., Van Jaarsveld, A. S., Gaston, K. J. & Chown, S. L. (2004). Conservation during times of change: correlations between birds, climate and people in South Africa. South African Journal of Science, 100(5), 266-272.
  • Walker, B. (1995). Conserving biological diversity through ecosystem resilience. Conservation Biology, 9(4), 747-752.
  • Whittaker, R. H. (1977). Evolution of species diversity in land communities. In Evolutionary Biology, (eds M.K. Hecht, W.C. Steree and B.Wallace), Plenum, New York, 10, 1-67.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Halil Süel This is me

Doğan Akdemir This is me

Emrah Tagi Ertuğrul This is me

Serkan Özdemir This is me

Publication Date December 31, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 21 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Süel, H., Akdemir, D., Ertuğrul, E. T., Özdemir, S. (2021). Determining Environmental Factors Affecting Bird Diversity. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 21(3), 244-251. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1049336
AMA Süel H, Akdemir D, Ertuğrul ET, Özdemir S. Determining Environmental Factors Affecting Bird Diversity. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. December 2021;21(3):244-251. doi:10.17475/kastorman.1049336
Chicago Süel, Halil, Doğan Akdemir, Emrah Tagi Ertuğrul, and Serkan Özdemir. “Determining Environmental Factors Affecting Bird Diversity”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 21, no. 3 (December 2021): 244-51. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1049336.
EndNote Süel H, Akdemir D, Ertuğrul ET, Özdemir S (December 1, 2021) Determining Environmental Factors Affecting Bird Diversity. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 21 3 244–251.
IEEE H. Süel, D. Akdemir, E. T. Ertuğrul, and S. Özdemir, “Determining Environmental Factors Affecting Bird Diversity”, Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 244–251, 2021, doi: 10.17475/kastorman.1049336.
ISNAD Süel, Halil et al. “Determining Environmental Factors Affecting Bird Diversity”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 21/3 (December 2021), 244-251. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1049336.
JAMA Süel H, Akdemir D, Ertuğrul ET, Özdemir S. Determining Environmental Factors Affecting Bird Diversity. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2021;21:244–251.
MLA Süel, Halil et al. “Determining Environmental Factors Affecting Bird Diversity”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, vol. 21, no. 3, 2021, pp. 244-51, doi:10.17475/kastorman.1049336.
Vancouver Süel H, Akdemir D, Ertuğrul ET, Özdemir S. Determining Environmental Factors Affecting Bird Diversity. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2021;21(3):244-51.

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