Surface Hardness of Three Types Varnish Applied to Fresh and Naturally Aged Wood

Year 2022, Volume: 22 Issue: 2, 125 - 134, 27.09.2022

Kenan Kılıç Cevdet Söğütlü

https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1179043

Abstract

Aim of study: This study was carried out to determine the surface hardness values of some varnishes applied to the surface of naturally aged wood material.
Material and methods: Acrylic, polyurethane and water-based varnish was applied to the surface of the experimental samples prepared from naturally aged and fresh Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), sessile oak (Quercus petrea L.) and chestnut (Castanea sativa M.) wood materials. A total of 360 test samples, 10 for each wood type, cutting direction, age period, and varnish type were prepared then the surface hardness values of these samples were determined.
Main results: As a result of the experiments, the effect of the age period on the surface hardness of the varnish layer was found to be insignificant. The highest surface hardness value in wood material was obtained in the tangential section of oak wood and the difference between oak wood and chestnut wood was statistically insignificant. As a varnish type, the highest surface hardness value was obtained in polyurethane varnish, followed by acrylic varnish and water-based varnish, respectively. In addition, the surface hardness of the varnish layer in the tangential section of the wood material was found to be higher than that of the radial section.
Highlights: In cases where high surface hardness is required in the varnish layer, polyurethane varnish can be preferred. As a result of the experiments, water-based varnish with a low surface hardness value will be able to give a working performance compatible with wood material with a hygroscopic structure, thanks to its high elasticity. For this reason, wood with a high amount of dimensional change can be used to protect the material against external influences.

Keywords

Wood Material, Varnish, Finishing, Surface Hardness, Naturally

Taze ve Doğal Yaşlanmış Ağaç Malzemeye Uygulanan Üç Çeşit Verniğin Yüzey Sertliği

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı: Bu çalışma, doğal yaşlanmış ağaç malzeme yüzeyine uygulanan bazı verniklerin yüzey sertlik değerlerinin belirlenmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır.
Malzeme ve yöntem: Doğal yaşlanmış ve taze sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.), sapsız meşe (Quercus petrea L.) ve kestane (Castanea sativa M.) ağaç malzemeden hazırlanan deney örneklerinin yüzeyine akrilik, poliüretan ve su-bazlı vernik uygulamıştır. Her ağaç türü, kesit yönü, yaş periyodu ve vernik çeşidi için 10’ar adet olmak üzere toplam 360 adet deney örneği hazırlanmış ve yüzey sertlik değerleri belirlenmiştir.
Temel Sonuçlar: Deneyler sonucunda, yaş periyodunun vernik katmanı yüzey sertliğine etkisi önemsiz bulunmuştur. Ağaç malzemede düzeyinde en yüksek yüzey sertlik değeri meşenin teğet kesitinde elde edilmiş, meşe ve kestane arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamsız çıkmıştır. Vernik çeşidi olarak, en yüksek yüzey sertlik değeri poliüretan vernikte elde edilmiş, bunu sırası ile akrilik vernik ve su-bazlı vernik izlemiştir. Ayrıca, ağaç malzemenin teğet kesitindeki vernik katmanı yüzey sertliği radyal kesit yönünden yüksek bulunmuştur.
Araştırma vurguları: Vernik katmanında yüksek yüzey sertliği gerektiren durumlarda, poliüretan vernik tercih edilebilir. Deneyler sonucunda, yüzey sertlik değeri düşük seviyede bulunan su-bazlı vernik ise yüksek elastiklik özelliği sayesinde, higroskopik yapıya sahip olan ağaç malzeme ile uyumlu bir çalışma performansı verebilecektir. Bu nedenle, boyutsal değişim miktarı yüksek olan ağaç malzemenin harici etkilere karşı korunması için kullanılabilir.

Keywords

Ağaç Malzeme, Vernik, Üstyüzey İşlemi, Yüzey Sertliği, Doğal Yaşlanmış

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