Seasonal Changes in Biochemical Properties of Some Tree Species Growing in Humid, Semi-humid, Semi-arid and Arid Forests
Year 2025,
Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 177 - 187, 30.09.2025
Zeynep Yavuz
,
Ferit Kocaçınar
Abstract
Aim of study: In this study, biochemical properties of some forest tree species adapted to different climatic and ecological conditions; growing in humid forest Fagus orientalis, semi-humid Pinus pinea, semi-arid Pinus brutia and in arid forest Pinus eldarica were investigated during two vegetation seasons.
Area of study: Four regions representing four different climates were selected as the study areas, for humid climate type Kahramanmaraş-Andırın, semi-humid climate Kahramanmaraş-Önsen, semi-arid climate Kahramanmaraş-Pazarcık and arid climate type Şanlıurfa-Akçakale, Türkiye.
Material and method: Fresh leaf samples were collected from six different trees between June and October from four different study areas for two consecutive years of 2021-2022. Chlorophyll, proline and total soluble sugar contents were analyzed on samples taken every month during the two vegetation seasons.
Main results: Results showed that a general decline was detected in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophylls in all studied species from June to October. While a rise in proline and total soluble sugar content was determined in Pinus pinea and Pinus eldarica species during dry periods, no increase was detected in Fagus orientalis and Pinus brutia species.
Research highlights: The main outcome of this study was that Pinus pinea and Pinus eldarica species exhibited effective biochemical adjustments to overcome seasonal drought.
Project Number
KSÜ BAP 2022/4-23 M
Thanks
This study was a part of a doctoral thesis submitted to Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Institute of Science and Technology and was financially supported by the KSÜ BAP 2022/4-23 M project. We thank KSÜ Rectorate, BAP unit for their financial contribution. We would also like to thank Kahramanmaraş and Şanlıurfa Forestry Regional Directorates and their staff for their assistance during the field work.
References
-
Akça, H. & Yazıcı, I. (1999). İzmir yöresinde yetiştirilen kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) fidanlarında değişik sulama miktarlarında oluşan fizyolojik değişiklikler. Ege Ormancılık Araştırma Entsitüsü Müdürlüğü, Ege Ormancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Yayınları, Teknik Bülten Serisi No: 13, İzmir.
-
Anjum, S.A., Xie, X., Wang, L., Saleem, M.F., Man, C., et al. (2011). Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress. African Journal of Agriculural Research, 6, 2026-2032.
-
Arslan, M. (2017). Dar yapraklı dişbudak (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.) fidanlarının su eksikliğine tepkisi. Doktora tezi, Düzce Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Düzce.
-
Ashraf, M. & Foolad, M. R. (2007). Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress resistance. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 59(2), 206-216
-
Bates, L. S., Waldren, R. P. & Teare, I. D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39, 205-207.
-
Bulut, B. (2008). Kılıçkaya orijinli sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) fidanlarına ait bazı temel morfolojik ve fizyolojik özelliklerin mevsimsel olarak araştırılması. Yüksek Lisans tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon.
-
Cankara, F. G. (2017). Anadolu karaçamı [Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe] ve kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) doğal karışık meşceresinde yaz kuraklığının ekofizyolojik Etkileri. Yüksek Lisans tezi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Isparta.
-
Cui, L., Li, J., Fan, Y., Yu, S. & Zhang, Z. (2006). High temperature effects on photosynthesis, PSII functionality and antioxidant activity of two Festuca arundinacea cultivars with different heat susceptibility. Botanical Studies, 47:61-69.
-
Deligöz, A. & Cankara F. G. (2020). Differences in physiological and biochemical responses to summer drought of Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana and Pinus brutia in a natural mixed stand. Jounal of Forestry Research, 31(5), 1479-1487.
-
Deligöz, A. & Gür, M. (2015). Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses to drought stress of stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) seedlings. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 37, 243
-
Diamantoglou, S. & Rhizopoulou, S. (1992). Free proline accumulation in sapwood, bark and leaves of three evergreen sclerophylls and a comparison with an evergreen conifer. Journal of Plant Physiology, 140, 361-365.
-
Dubois, M., Gilles, K. A., Hamilton, J. K., Rebers, P. A. & Smith, F. (1956). Calorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Analytical Chemistry, 28, 350-356.
-
Kulaç, Ş. (2010). Kuraklık stresine maruz bırakılan sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) fidanlarında bazı morfolojik fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal değişimlerin araştırılması. Doktora tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon.
-
Kyparissis, A., Petropoulou, Y. & Manetas, Y., (1995). Summer survival of leaves in a soft-leaved shrub (Phlomis fruticosa L. Labiatae) under Mediterranean field conditions: avoidance of photoinhibitory damage through decreased chlorophyll contents. Journal of Experimental Botany, 46, 1825-1831.
-
Lichtenthaler, H. K. (1987). Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods in Enzymology, 148, 350-382.
-
Mareri, L., Parrotta, L. & Cai, G. (2022). Environmental stress and plants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022(23), 5416.
-
Mencarelli, F. & Saltveit, M. (1988). Ripening of mature-green tomato fruit slices. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 113(5), 742-745.
-
Nouri, K., Nikbakht, A., Haghighi, M., Etemadi, N., Rahimmalek, M., et al. (2023). Screening some pine species from North America and dried zones of Western Asia for drought stress tolerance in terms of nutrients status, biochemical and physiological characteristics. Frontiers in Plant Sciences, 14, 1281688.
-
Rodriguez-Calcerrada, J., Li, M., López, R., Cano, F.J., Oleksyn, J., et al. (2016). Drought-induced shoot dieback starts with massive root xylem embolism and variable depletion of non-structural carbohydrates in seedlings of two tree species. New Phytologist, 213(2), 597-610.
-
Sakamoto, A. & Murata N. (2002). The role of glycine betaine in the protection of plants from stress; clues from transgenic plants. Plant, Cell & Environment, 25,163-171.
-
Sauceda, J. U., Rodriguez, H. G., Lozano, R. R, Silva, I. C., Meza, M. G., et al. (2008). Seasonal trends of chlorophylls a and b carotenoids in native trees and shrubs of Northeastern Mexico. Journal Biological Sciences, 8(2), 258-267.
-
Thornthwaite, C.W. (1948). An Approach toward a Rational Classification of Climate. Geographical Review, 38(1):55-94.
-
Wang, Q. L., Chen, J. H., He, N. Y. & Guo, F. Q. (2018). Metabolic reprogramming in chloroplasts under heat stress in plants. International Journal of Molecular Science, 19(3), 849-870.
-
Xu, S., An, L., Feng, H., Wang, X. & Li, X. (2002). The seasonal effects of water stress on Ammopiptanthus mongolicus in a desert environment. Journal of Arid Environments, 2002(51), 437-447
-
Zhang, J. & Kirkham M. B. (1996). Antioxidant responses to drought in sunflower and sorghum seedlings. New Phytoogist, 1996(132), 361-373.
Nemli, Yarı Nemli, Yarı Kurak ve Kurak Ormanlardaki Bazı Ağaç Türlerinin Biyokimyasal Özelliklerinin Mevsimsel Değişimi
Year 2025,
Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 177 - 187, 30.09.2025
Zeynep Yavuz
,
Ferit Kocaçınar
Abstract
Çalışmanın amacı: Bu çalışmada nemli, yarı nemli, yarı kurak ve kurak ormanlarda bulunan bazı ağaç türlerinin (nemli-Fagus orientalis, yarı nemli-Pinus pinea, yarı kurak-Pinus brutia ve kurak-Pinus eldarica) biyokimyasal özelliklerinin vejetasyon mevsimi içindeki değişiminin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Çalışma alanı: Çalışma alanı olarak dört faklı iklimi temsil eden 4 bölge seçilmiştir. Nemli iklim tipi; Kahramanmaraş-Andırın, yarı nemli iklim; Kahramanmaraş-Önsen, yarı kurak iklim; Kahramanmaraş-Pazarcık ve kurak iklim tipi; Şanlıurfa-Akçakale, Türkiye.
Materyal ve yöntem: Bu kapsamda iki sene boyunca (2021-2022 yıllarında) dört farklı çalışma alanında belirlenen ağaçlar üzerinde klorofil, prolin ve çözünebilir şeker içeriği analizleri yapılmıştır.
Temel sonuçlar: Araştırma sonucunda çalışılan bütün türlerin tüm klorofil çeşitlerinde Haziran ayından Ekim ayına doğru genel olarak bir azalma tespit edilmiştir. Pinus pinea ve Pinus eldarica türlerinde kurak dönemlerde prolin ve toplam çözünür şeker içeriği birikiminde artış görülürken; Fagus orientalis ve Pinus brutia türlerinde prolin ve toplam çözünebilir şeker içeriğinde herhangi bir artış belirlenmemiştir.
Araştırma vurguları: Bu bulgular ışığında, Pinus pinea ve Pinus eldarica türleri muhtemelen mevsimsel kuraklığın etkisi sonucu biyokimyasal açıdan aklimasyon geçirmişlerdir.
Project Number
KSÜ BAP 2022/4-23 M
References
-
Akça, H. & Yazıcı, I. (1999). İzmir yöresinde yetiştirilen kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) fidanlarında değişik sulama miktarlarında oluşan fizyolojik değişiklikler. Ege Ormancılık Araştırma Entsitüsü Müdürlüğü, Ege Ormancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Yayınları, Teknik Bülten Serisi No: 13, İzmir.
-
Anjum, S.A., Xie, X., Wang, L., Saleem, M.F., Man, C., et al. (2011). Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress. African Journal of Agriculural Research, 6, 2026-2032.
-
Arslan, M. (2017). Dar yapraklı dişbudak (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.) fidanlarının su eksikliğine tepkisi. Doktora tezi, Düzce Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Düzce.
-
Ashraf, M. & Foolad, M. R. (2007). Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress resistance. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 59(2), 206-216
-
Bates, L. S., Waldren, R. P. & Teare, I. D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39, 205-207.
-
Bulut, B. (2008). Kılıçkaya orijinli sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) fidanlarına ait bazı temel morfolojik ve fizyolojik özelliklerin mevsimsel olarak araştırılması. Yüksek Lisans tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon.
-
Cankara, F. G. (2017). Anadolu karaçamı [Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe] ve kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) doğal karışık meşceresinde yaz kuraklığının ekofizyolojik Etkileri. Yüksek Lisans tezi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Isparta.
-
Cui, L., Li, J., Fan, Y., Yu, S. & Zhang, Z. (2006). High temperature effects on photosynthesis, PSII functionality and antioxidant activity of two Festuca arundinacea cultivars with different heat susceptibility. Botanical Studies, 47:61-69.
-
Deligöz, A. & Cankara F. G. (2020). Differences in physiological and biochemical responses to summer drought of Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana and Pinus brutia in a natural mixed stand. Jounal of Forestry Research, 31(5), 1479-1487.
-
Deligöz, A. & Gür, M. (2015). Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses to drought stress of stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) seedlings. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 37, 243
-
Diamantoglou, S. & Rhizopoulou, S. (1992). Free proline accumulation in sapwood, bark and leaves of three evergreen sclerophylls and a comparison with an evergreen conifer. Journal of Plant Physiology, 140, 361-365.
-
Dubois, M., Gilles, K. A., Hamilton, J. K., Rebers, P. A. & Smith, F. (1956). Calorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Analytical Chemistry, 28, 350-356.
-
Kulaç, Ş. (2010). Kuraklık stresine maruz bırakılan sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) fidanlarında bazı morfolojik fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal değişimlerin araştırılması. Doktora tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon.
-
Kyparissis, A., Petropoulou, Y. & Manetas, Y., (1995). Summer survival of leaves in a soft-leaved shrub (Phlomis fruticosa L. Labiatae) under Mediterranean field conditions: avoidance of photoinhibitory damage through decreased chlorophyll contents. Journal of Experimental Botany, 46, 1825-1831.
-
Lichtenthaler, H. K. (1987). Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods in Enzymology, 148, 350-382.
-
Mareri, L., Parrotta, L. & Cai, G. (2022). Environmental stress and plants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022(23), 5416.
-
Mencarelli, F. & Saltveit, M. (1988). Ripening of mature-green tomato fruit slices. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 113(5), 742-745.
-
Nouri, K., Nikbakht, A., Haghighi, M., Etemadi, N., Rahimmalek, M., et al. (2023). Screening some pine species from North America and dried zones of Western Asia for drought stress tolerance in terms of nutrients status, biochemical and physiological characteristics. Frontiers in Plant Sciences, 14, 1281688.
-
Rodriguez-Calcerrada, J., Li, M., López, R., Cano, F.J., Oleksyn, J., et al. (2016). Drought-induced shoot dieback starts with massive root xylem embolism and variable depletion of non-structural carbohydrates in seedlings of two tree species. New Phytologist, 213(2), 597-610.
-
Sakamoto, A. & Murata N. (2002). The role of glycine betaine in the protection of plants from stress; clues from transgenic plants. Plant, Cell & Environment, 25,163-171.
-
Sauceda, J. U., Rodriguez, H. G., Lozano, R. R, Silva, I. C., Meza, M. G., et al. (2008). Seasonal trends of chlorophylls a and b carotenoids in native trees and shrubs of Northeastern Mexico. Journal Biological Sciences, 8(2), 258-267.
-
Thornthwaite, C.W. (1948). An Approach toward a Rational Classification of Climate. Geographical Review, 38(1):55-94.
-
Wang, Q. L., Chen, J. H., He, N. Y. & Guo, F. Q. (2018). Metabolic reprogramming in chloroplasts under heat stress in plants. International Journal of Molecular Science, 19(3), 849-870.
-
Xu, S., An, L., Feng, H., Wang, X. & Li, X. (2002). The seasonal effects of water stress on Ammopiptanthus mongolicus in a desert environment. Journal of Arid Environments, 2002(51), 437-447
-
Zhang, J. & Kirkham M. B. (1996). Antioxidant responses to drought in sunflower and sorghum seedlings. New Phytoogist, 1996(132), 361-373.