Sentetik Kannabinoid: Sokak Dilinde ˝Bonzai˝

Öz

Hint keneviri bitkisinden elde edilen ve kannabinoid reseptörlerine (CB1, CB2) etki eden kannabis (esrar) en eski psikoaktif maddelerdendir. Sentetik kannabinoidler ise yapısal olarak değişiklikler gösteren ve aynı reseptörler ile etkileşen yeni nesil psikoaktif maddelerdir. Sokak dilinde “Bonzai” olarak bilinen “(1-pentyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-naphthalenyl-methanone” diğer adıyla JWH-018 uyuşturucu piyasasında ilk tespit edilen sentetik kannabinoiddir. Sentetik kannabinoidler fonksiyonel olarak esrarın etken maddesi olan delta-9-tetrahidrokannabinol (Δ9-THC) benzemekte ve sigara gibi içildiğinde esrarın etkisini taklit etmektedir. Ancak bu ürünlerin çoğu THC’den daha güçlüdür ve daha büyük sağlık riski oluşturmaktadır. Avrupa’da bu maddeler 2004 yılı başlarında itibaren internet üzerinden ve özel marketlerde satışa sunulmuştur. Tüm dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de yetişkinler ve gençler arasında sentetik kannabinoid kullanımında bir artış gözlenmektedir. Bu maddelerden bazıları ülkemizde 2010 yılından itibaren Erken Uyarı Sistemine göre yasaklanan maddeler arasına alınmıştır. Bu çalışmada kullanımı giderek artan sentetik kannabinoidlerin farmakolojik, toksikolojik ve genel özelliklerini sunma amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Psikoaktif maddeler
• sentetik kannabinoid
• bonzai
• kannabis

Synthetic cannabinoid: in the street language ˝bonsai˝ (Full-text language: Turkish)

Abstract

Cannabis (marijuana) which is obtained from cannabis sativa has an effect on cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) and known as one of the oldest psychoactive substances. From another point of view, synthetic cannabinoids are the new generation synthetic pschoactive substances interacting with the same receptors and showing differences in structure. In the street language bonzai, “(1-pentyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-naphthalenyl-methanone”, also known as JWH-018 group, is a drug belonging to the group of synthetic cannabinoids. Synthetic cannabinoids are operationally similar to delta-9-tetrahidrokannabinol (Δ9-THC) and imitates the effects of marijuana when smoked. However, many of them are stronger than THC and pose a greater health risk. At the beginning of 2004, it started to be sold on the internet and also private markets. An increase at the demand is observed in the use of synthetic cannabinoid use among the teenagers and adults not only in Turkey but all around the World.   Some of these compounds were put at the prohibited substances list in our country since 2010, according to the Early Warning System (EWS). In this study we aimed to present farmacological, toxicological ve general properties of the increasingly used synthetic cannabinoid.

Keywords

• Psychoactive substance
• synthetic cannabinoid
• bonsai
• cannabis

References

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