Sentetik Kannabinoid: Sokak Dilinde ˝Bonzai˝

Year 2017, Issue: 1, 1 - 8, 31.12.2017

Hülya Karadeniz Erdal Özer H. İlhan Aydoğdu Mehmet Askay

Abstract

Hint keneviri bitkisinden elde
edilen ve kannabinoid reseptörlerine (CB1, CB2) etki eden kannabis (esrar) en
eski psikoaktif maddelerdendir. Sentetik kannabinoidler ise yapısal olarak
değişiklikler gösteren ve aynı reseptörler ile etkileşen yeni nesil psikoaktif
maddelerdir. Sokak dilinde “Bonzai” olarak bilinen
“(1-pentyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-naphthalenyl-methanone” diğer adıyla JWH-018
uyuşturucu piyasasında ilk tespit edilen sentetik kannabinoiddir. Sentetik
kannabinoidler fonksiyonel olarak esrarın etken maddesi olan
delta-9-tetrahidrokannabinol (Δ9-THC) benzemekte ve sigara gibi içildiğinde
esrarın etkisini taklit etmektedir. Ancak bu ürünlerin çoğu THC’den daha
güçlüdür ve daha büyük sağlık riski oluşturmaktadır. Avrupa’da bu maddeler 2004
yılı başlarında itibaren internet üzerinden ve özel marketlerde satışa
sunulmuştur. Tüm dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de yetişkinler ve gençler
arasında sentetik kannabinoid kullanımında bir artış gözlenmektedir. Bu
maddelerden bazıları ülkemizde 2010 yılından itibaren Erken Uyarı Sistemine
göre yasaklanan maddeler arasına alınmıştır. Bu çalışmada kullanımı giderek
artan sentetik kannabinoidlerin farmakolojik, toksikolojik ve genel
özelliklerini sunma amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

Psikoaktif maddeler, sentetik kannabinoid, bonzai, kannabis

Synthetic cannabinoid: in the street language ˝bonsai˝ (Full-text language: Turkish)

Abstract

Cannabis (marijuana) which is
obtained from cannabis sativa has an effect on cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and
CB2) and known as one of the oldest psychoactive substances. From another point
of view, synthetic cannabinoids are the new generation synthetic pschoactive
substances interacting with the same receptors and showing differences in
structure. In the street language bonzai,
“(1-pentyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-naphthalenyl-methanone”, also known as JWH-018
group, is a drug belonging to the group of synthetic cannabinoids. Synthetic
cannabinoids are operationally similar to delta-9-tetrahidrokannabinol (Δ9-THC)
and imitates the effects of marijuana when smoked. However, many of them are
stronger than THC and pose a greater health risk. At the beginning of 2004, it
started to be sold on the internet and also private markets. An increase at the
demand is observed in the use of synthetic cannabinoid use among the teenagers
and adults not only in Turkey but all around the World.   Some of these compounds were put at the
prohibited substances list in our country since 2010, according to the Early
Warning System (EWS). In this study we aimed to present farmacological,
toxicological ve general properties of the increasingly used synthetic
cannabinoid.

Keywords

Psychoactive substance, synthetic cannabinoid, bonsai, cannabis

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