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ŞİZOFREN VEYA NORMAL BİREYDEN GELEN DÜŞÜNCELER İLE DÜŞÜNCELERİN SIRADANLIĞI VE ORİJİNALLİĞİNİN YARATICILIĞA ETKİSİ

Year 2019, Issue: 21, 31 - 48, 01.08.2019

Abstract

Araştırmacılar son 40 yıldır, beyin fırtınasını etkin yapan teknikler üzerinde çalışmakta ve düşünce üretimini açıklamaya çalışan modeller de geliştirilmektedir. Bunlardan biri uyaran sayısın artıkça yaratıcı düşünce sayısının arttığını varsayan Bilişsel Uyarılma Yaklaşımıdır Paulus et al., 2002 . Bununla birlikte bu modeli test eden çalışmalar tutarsız sonuçlar vermektedir. Örneğin, bir araştırma Dugosh ve diğ., 2000 orijinal örneklere, diğer bir araştırma Dugosh ve diğ., 2005 ise sıradan örneklere maruz kalmanın daha fazla yaratıcılığı artırdığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, anormal bir bireyden örn., şizofren bir bireyden düşüncelere maruz kalma ile normal bir bireyden gelen düşüncelere maruz kalmanın etkisi literatürde incelenmiştir. Bu araştırmada katılımcılar üç tane düşünce örneklerine maruz kaldıktan sonra 10 dakikalık sürede üniversiteyi geliştirme konusunda beyin fırtınası yapmıştır. Sıradan düşünce örneklerine maruz kalan katılımcılar, orijinal örneklere maruz kalan katılımcılara göre daha fazla özgün ve derin düşünceler üretmiştir. Buna ek olarak, derin düşünme sıradan düşünce örneklerine maruz kalma ile yaratıcı düşünce üretme arasında kısmi aracılık etmektedir. Öte yandan, anormal bir bireyden örn., şizofren bir bireyden düşüncelere maruz kalma ile normal bir bireyden gelen düşüncelere maruz kalmanın etkisi arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamaktadır. Bu bulgular, sıradan düşünce örneklerine maruz kalmanın derin düşünmeyi ve bu şekilde yaratıcılığı artırdığına işaret etmektedir. Literatürde ilk kez ortaya çıkan bu bulgular, yeni yaklaşımlarla tartışılmaktadır.

References

  • Akben, C. ve Coskun, H. (2019). Reintroduction of odor combined with cognitive stimulation supports creative ideation via memory retrieval mechanisms. Creativity Research Journal, 31(3), 319. doi: 10.1080/10400419.2019.1641686
  • Baas, M., Roskes, M., Sligte, D., Nijstad, B. A. ve De Dreu, C. K. (2013). Personality and creativi- ty: The dual pathway to creativity model and a research agenda. Social and Personality Psycholo- gy Compass, 7(10), 732-748.
  • Coskun, H., (2000). The effect of out-group comparison, social context, intrinsic motivation, collective identity in brainstorming groups. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, of Texas Texas at Arlington. and The University
  • Coskun, H. (2005a). Beyin fırtınasında sosyal kimlik değişiminin üretkenlik üzerine
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(1). etkisi. Coskun, H. (2005b). Cognitive stimulation with convergent and divergent thinking exercises in brainwriting - Incubation, sequence priming and group context. Small Group Research, 36(4), 498. doi: 10.1177/1046496405276475
  • Coskun, H. (2011). Close associations and memory in brainwriting groups. The Journal of Crea- tive Behavior, 45(1), 59-75.
  • Coşkun, H. ve Göçmen, Ö. (2019). Individual brainstorming performance as a function of velo city and comparison feedback. Dokuz Eylul University Journal of Graduate School of Social Sciences, 21(1), 197-210.
  • Coskun, H. ve Yilmaz, O. (2009). A model of brainstorming: Linear, nonlinear, continuous
  • (simultaneous) and impulsive (sequential) cases. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 53(4), 253- Doi: 10.1016/J.Jmp.2009.03.003
  • Coskun, H. ve Yilmaz, O. (2009). A new dynamical model of brainstorming: Linear, nonlinear, continuous (simultaneous) andimpulsive (sequential)cases. Journal of
  • Mathematical Psychology, 53(4), 253-264. doi: 10.1016/J.Jmp.2009.03.003
  • Coşkun, H., Paulus, P. B., Brown, V. ve Sherwood, J. J. (2000). Cognitive stimulation and prob- lem presentation in idea-generating groups. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research –329. and Practice, 4
  • Coşkun, H. ve Şenyurt, A. Y. (2015). Kişilik ve yaratıcılık ilişkisini inceleyen araştırmaların kullanılan ölçme araçlarına gore değerlendirilmesi. Kalem Eğitim ve İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 5 (2), 65.
  • De Bono, E. (1956). Six thinking hats. Cambridge: Little, Brown and Company
  • De Bono, E. (1997). Altı şapkalı düşünme tekniği. (E. Tuzcular, Çev.). İstanbul: Remzi
  • Kitabevi. (Orijinal çalışma basım tarihi 1985.)
  • Diehl, M. ve Stroebe, W. (1987). Productivity loss in brainstorming groups. Journal of
  • Personality Social Psychology, 53 (3): 497-509. Diehl, M. ve Stroebe, W. (1991). Productivity loss in idea generating groups: Tracking down the blocking effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 392-403.
  • Dugosh, K. L. ve Paulus, P. B. (2005). Cognitive and social comparison processes in brainstorm- ing. Journal of experimental social psychology, 41(3), 313-320.
  • Dugosh, K. L., Paulus, P. B., Roland, E. J. veet al Yang, H. C. (2000). Cognitive stimulation in brainstorming. Journal of personality and social psychology, 79(5), 722.
  • Göçmen, Ö. ve Coşkun, H. (2019). The effects of the six thinking hats and speed on creativity in brainstorming. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 31, 284-295.
  • Gözütok, F. D. (2007). Öğretim ilke ve yöntemleri. (Gözden geçirilmiş 2. Baskı). Ankara: Eki- noks.
  • Gültepe, B. ve Coskun, H. (2016). Music and cognitive stimulation influence idea genera- tion. Psychology of Music, 44(1), 3-14.
  • Nijstad, B. A., De Dreu, C. K.W., Rietzschel, E. F. ve Baas, M. (2010). Thedualpathwayto creativity model: Creative ideation as a function of flexibility and persistence.
  • European Review of Social Psychology, 21(1): 34-77. Nijstad, B. A., Stroebe, W. ve Lodewijkx, H. F. M. (2003). Production blocking and idea generation: Does blocking interfere with cognitive processes? Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39, 531-548.
  • Osborn, A. F. (1953). Applied imagination: Principles and procedures of creative problem solving. New
  • York, NY: Charles Scribner’s Sons. Parnes, S. J. ve Meadow, A. (1959). Efects of ‘Brainstorming’ instructions on creative problem solving by trained and untrained subjects. Journal of Educational Psychology, 50(4), 171-176.
  • Paulus, P. B. ve Dzindolet, M. T. (1993). Social influence processes in group
  • Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 575–586. brainstorming. Paulus, P. B.ve Yang, H. (2000). Demonstrating production gains in group brainstorming using a writing procedure. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 82, 76 – 87.
  • Smith, S. M. (1995). Fixation, incubation, and insight in memory and creative thinking. The crea- tive cognition approach, 135, 156.
  • Smith, S. M. ve Blankenship, S. E. (1991). Incubation and the persistence of fixation in problem solving. The American journal of psychology, 61-87.
  • Şenyurt, A. Y. (2018). Tehdit manipülasyonu ve bilgilendirmenin örtük çağrışım testi ile ölçülen etnik tutumlar üzerindeki etkisi. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. AİBÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. Bolu
  • Thornicroft, G., Rose, D., Kassam, A. ve Sartorius, N. (2007). Stigma: ignorance, prejudice or discrimination? The British Journal of Psychiatry, 190(3), 192-193.

THE EFFECTS OF EXEMPLARS OF ORDINARY OR ORIGINAL IDEAS COMING FROM SCHIZOPHRENIC AND NORMAL INDIVIDUALS ON CREATIVITY

Year 2019, Issue: 21, 31 - 48, 01.08.2019

Abstract

For the last 40 years, researchers have been working on techniques that make brainstorming effective and developing models that explain the generation of ideas. One of these is the Cognitive Stimulation Approach Paulus et al., 2002 , which assumes that the number of stimuli increases as the number of creative ideas increases. However, studies testing this model yield inconsistent results. For example, one study Dugosh et al., 2000 found that original samples enhance creativity, while another study Dugosh et al., 2005 found that ordinary samples leads to creativity. Besides, the effect of exposure to ideas from an abnormal individual e.g., from a schizophrenic individual and exposure to ideas from a normal individual was investigated in the literature. In this research, the participants were brainstormed on ways to develop the university within 10 minutes by being exposed to three idea samples. The participants exposed to ordinary idea samples generated more original and deep ideas than participants exposed to the original samples. Moreover, deep thinking was a partial mediation between exposure to ordinary examples of ideas and creative thinking. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between exposure to ideas from an abnormal individual e.g., a schizophrenic individual and the effect of exposure to ideas from a normal individual. These findings indicate that exposure to ordinary examples of ideas increases deep thinking and thus creativity. These findings, which first appeared in the literature, were discussed with new approaches.

References

  • Akben, C. ve Coskun, H. (2019). Reintroduction of odor combined with cognitive stimulation supports creative ideation via memory retrieval mechanisms. Creativity Research Journal, 31(3), 319. doi: 10.1080/10400419.2019.1641686
  • Baas, M., Roskes, M., Sligte, D., Nijstad, B. A. ve De Dreu, C. K. (2013). Personality and creativi- ty: The dual pathway to creativity model and a research agenda. Social and Personality Psycholo- gy Compass, 7(10), 732-748.
  • Coskun, H., (2000). The effect of out-group comparison, social context, intrinsic motivation, collective identity in brainstorming groups. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, of Texas Texas at Arlington. and The University
  • Coskun, H. (2005a). Beyin fırtınasında sosyal kimlik değişiminin üretkenlik üzerine
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(1). etkisi. Coskun, H. (2005b). Cognitive stimulation with convergent and divergent thinking exercises in brainwriting - Incubation, sequence priming and group context. Small Group Research, 36(4), 498. doi: 10.1177/1046496405276475
  • Coskun, H. (2011). Close associations and memory in brainwriting groups. The Journal of Crea- tive Behavior, 45(1), 59-75.
  • Coşkun, H. ve Göçmen, Ö. (2019). Individual brainstorming performance as a function of velo city and comparison feedback. Dokuz Eylul University Journal of Graduate School of Social Sciences, 21(1), 197-210.
  • Coskun, H. ve Yilmaz, O. (2009). A model of brainstorming: Linear, nonlinear, continuous
  • (simultaneous) and impulsive (sequential) cases. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 53(4), 253- Doi: 10.1016/J.Jmp.2009.03.003
  • Coskun, H. ve Yilmaz, O. (2009). A new dynamical model of brainstorming: Linear, nonlinear, continuous (simultaneous) andimpulsive (sequential)cases. Journal of
  • Mathematical Psychology, 53(4), 253-264. doi: 10.1016/J.Jmp.2009.03.003
  • Coşkun, H., Paulus, P. B., Brown, V. ve Sherwood, J. J. (2000). Cognitive stimulation and prob- lem presentation in idea-generating groups. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research –329. and Practice, 4
  • Coşkun, H. ve Şenyurt, A. Y. (2015). Kişilik ve yaratıcılık ilişkisini inceleyen araştırmaların kullanılan ölçme araçlarına gore değerlendirilmesi. Kalem Eğitim ve İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 5 (2), 65.
  • De Bono, E. (1956). Six thinking hats. Cambridge: Little, Brown and Company
  • De Bono, E. (1997). Altı şapkalı düşünme tekniği. (E. Tuzcular, Çev.). İstanbul: Remzi
  • Kitabevi. (Orijinal çalışma basım tarihi 1985.)
  • Diehl, M. ve Stroebe, W. (1987). Productivity loss in brainstorming groups. Journal of
  • Personality Social Psychology, 53 (3): 497-509. Diehl, M. ve Stroebe, W. (1991). Productivity loss in idea generating groups: Tracking down the blocking effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 392-403.
  • Dugosh, K. L. ve Paulus, P. B. (2005). Cognitive and social comparison processes in brainstorm- ing. Journal of experimental social psychology, 41(3), 313-320.
  • Dugosh, K. L., Paulus, P. B., Roland, E. J. veet al Yang, H. C. (2000). Cognitive stimulation in brainstorming. Journal of personality and social psychology, 79(5), 722.
  • Göçmen, Ö. ve Coşkun, H. (2019). The effects of the six thinking hats and speed on creativity in brainstorming. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 31, 284-295.
  • Gözütok, F. D. (2007). Öğretim ilke ve yöntemleri. (Gözden geçirilmiş 2. Baskı). Ankara: Eki- noks.
  • Gültepe, B. ve Coskun, H. (2016). Music and cognitive stimulation influence idea genera- tion. Psychology of Music, 44(1), 3-14.
  • Nijstad, B. A., De Dreu, C. K.W., Rietzschel, E. F. ve Baas, M. (2010). Thedualpathwayto creativity model: Creative ideation as a function of flexibility and persistence.
  • European Review of Social Psychology, 21(1): 34-77. Nijstad, B. A., Stroebe, W. ve Lodewijkx, H. F. M. (2003). Production blocking and idea generation: Does blocking interfere with cognitive processes? Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39, 531-548.
  • Osborn, A. F. (1953). Applied imagination: Principles and procedures of creative problem solving. New
  • York, NY: Charles Scribner’s Sons. Parnes, S. J. ve Meadow, A. (1959). Efects of ‘Brainstorming’ instructions on creative problem solving by trained and untrained subjects. Journal of Educational Psychology, 50(4), 171-176.
  • Paulus, P. B. ve Dzindolet, M. T. (1993). Social influence processes in group
  • Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 575–586. brainstorming. Paulus, P. B.ve Yang, H. (2000). Demonstrating production gains in group brainstorming using a writing procedure. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 82, 76 – 87.
  • Smith, S. M. (1995). Fixation, incubation, and insight in memory and creative thinking. The crea- tive cognition approach, 135, 156.
  • Smith, S. M. ve Blankenship, S. E. (1991). Incubation and the persistence of fixation in problem solving. The American journal of psychology, 61-87.
  • Şenyurt, A. Y. (2018). Tehdit manipülasyonu ve bilgilendirmenin örtük çağrışım testi ile ölçülen etnik tutumlar üzerindeki etkisi. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. AİBÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. Bolu
  • Thornicroft, G., Rose, D., Kassam, A. ve Sartorius, N. (2007). Stigma: ignorance, prejudice or discrimination? The British Journal of Psychiatry, 190(3), 192-193.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Hamit Coşkun This is me

Neslihan Nur Pehlivan This is me

Cantürk Akben This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Issue: 21

Cite

APA Coşkun, H., Pehlivan, N. N., & Akben, C. (2019). ŞİZOFREN VEYA NORMAL BİREYDEN GELEN DÜŞÜNCELER İLE DÜŞÜNCELERİN SIRADANLIĞI VE ORİJİNALLİĞİNİN YARATICILIĞA ETKİSİ. Kesit Akademi Dergisi(21), 31-48.