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F. Scott Fitzgerald’ın Müşfikti Gece (1934) Romanı: Birinci Dünya Savaşı Sonrası Amerika’nın Kayıp Nesli

Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 28, 59 - 70, 25.09.2021

Abstract

Bu makale, Amerikalı yazar F. Scott Fitzgerald'ın Müşfikti Gece (1934) adlı son romanının, Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın, savaş sonrası Amerika’da or-taya çıkan Kayıp Neslin yaşamları üzerindeki etkisini Kükreyen Yirmiler tarihi bağlamında inceleyen, eleştirel bir okumasını sunar. Bu makale, ro-manın temalarından olan, Fransa'da Amerikalı bir gurbetçi olarak yaşayan kahramanı Dick Diver'ın sefahatına ve nihai çöküşüne odaklanıp savaş sonrası zamanı yorumlarken, hem Dick Diver hem de bir savaş gazisi ve malulü olan Abe North tarafından temsil edilen bir Kayıp Nesli etkileyen Büyük Savaş travmasına dikkat çekmeyi de amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışma, savaşın birey üzerindeki yıkıcılığını odak noktası yaparken, aynı zamanda tarihi altyapının daha iyi kavranabilmesi için, Kayıp Nesil, Kükreyen Yirmiler gibi kavramlar ile, ABD hükümetinin 1917'de Birinci Dünya Savaşı'na girişini de açıklayan kısa ve öz tarihsel bir bilgiler de sunmaktadır. Bu okumanın ulaştığı sonuç ise romanının anlatısında her ne kadar Birinci Dünya Savaşı odak noktası olarak konumlandırılmasa da, Müşfikti Gece‘nin Büyük Savaş'ın kasvetli ve yıkıcı gerçekleri nedeniyle travmaya uğramış bir ulusun hayal kırıklıklarını vurgulayan —dağılmış ve yitik bir birey olan Dick Diver örneği üzerinden—ve Amerika'da savaş sonrası ortaya çıkan Kükreyen Yirmiler dönemine de ışık tutan bir dönem romanı olduğudur.

References

  • Callahan, J. F. (1972). The illusions of a nation; Myth and history in the novels of F. Scott Fitzgerald. University Of Illinois Press.
  • Cowley, M. (1985). Fitzgerald: The romance of money. Modern Critical Views. (49-72). F. Scott Fitzgerald. Harold Bloom (Ed.). Chelsea House Publishers.
  • Ellis, J. (1969). Fitzgerald’s fragmented hero: Dick Diver. In Marvin J. LaHood (Eds.), Tender is the night: Essays in criticism (127-137). Indiana University Press.
  • Fitzgerald, F. S. (1996). Tender is the night. Scribner Classics.
  • Gregory, R. (1971). The origins of American intervention in the first world war. Norton & Company Inc.
  • Hemingway, E. (1996). The sun also rises. Scribner.
  • Keats, J. (1820). Ode to a nightingale. Poetry.com. Retrieved September 13, 2021, from https://www.poetry.com/poem/23406/ode-to-a-nightingale.
  • Kuehl, J. (1969). Scott Fitzgerald: Romantic and realist. In Marvin J. LaHood (Eds.), Tender is the night: Essays in criticism (1-19). Indiana University Press.
  • Lehan, Richard D. (1969). “Tender Is the Night.” In Marvin J. LaHood (Eds.), Tender is the night: Essays in criticism (61-85). Indiana University Press.
  • Miles, R. (1976). Awakening from the American dream: The social and political limits to growth. Universe Books.
  • President Wilson's Declaration of War Message to Congress. (April 2, 1917). Records of
  • the United States Senate; Record Group 46; National Archives.
  • Stein, G. (1937). Everybody's autobiography. Random House.
  • Stern, M. R. (1994). Tender is the night: The broken universe. Twayne Publishers.
  • Tipple, J. (1968). Crisis of the American dream; A history of American social thought, 1920-1940. Pegasus.

F. Scott Fitzgerald’s Tender is the Night (1934): The Lost Generation of America in the Aftermath of the First World War

Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 28, 59 - 70, 25.09.2021

Abstract

This article offers a critical reading of the American author F. Scott Fitzgerald’s last novel titled Tender Is the Night (1934) by looking at the impact of the First World War on the lives of the Lost Generation of the Americans in the context of the Roaring Twenties. As the novel comments on the times by focusing on the dissipation and final demise of its protagonist Dick Diver, an American expat in France, this paper, focusing on this very theme, aims to draw attention to the trauma of the Great War as reflected on a lost generation represented by Dick Diver as well as a shellshock and war veteran Abe North. While working on this issue of the traumating effect of the war on the individual, this study, to better grasp the historical context of the novel, also provides a succinct historical overview explaining such concepts as the Lost Generation and the Roaring Twenties as well as the U.S government’s entry into WWI in 1917. One conclusion that this reading arrives at is that despite a tenuous mention of the First World War in the narrative, Tender is the Night is an era novel which sheds light on the post-war period of the Roaring Twenties in America by highlighting the disillusionments of a nation traumatized by the bleak realities of the Great War, through the example of Dick Diver as a broken individual.

References

  • Callahan, J. F. (1972). The illusions of a nation; Myth and history in the novels of F. Scott Fitzgerald. University Of Illinois Press.
  • Cowley, M. (1985). Fitzgerald: The romance of money. Modern Critical Views. (49-72). F. Scott Fitzgerald. Harold Bloom (Ed.). Chelsea House Publishers.
  • Ellis, J. (1969). Fitzgerald’s fragmented hero: Dick Diver. In Marvin J. LaHood (Eds.), Tender is the night: Essays in criticism (127-137). Indiana University Press.
  • Fitzgerald, F. S. (1996). Tender is the night. Scribner Classics.
  • Gregory, R. (1971). The origins of American intervention in the first world war. Norton & Company Inc.
  • Hemingway, E. (1996). The sun also rises. Scribner.
  • Keats, J. (1820). Ode to a nightingale. Poetry.com. Retrieved September 13, 2021, from https://www.poetry.com/poem/23406/ode-to-a-nightingale.
  • Kuehl, J. (1969). Scott Fitzgerald: Romantic and realist. In Marvin J. LaHood (Eds.), Tender is the night: Essays in criticism (1-19). Indiana University Press.
  • Lehan, Richard D. (1969). “Tender Is the Night.” In Marvin J. LaHood (Eds.), Tender is the night: Essays in criticism (61-85). Indiana University Press.
  • Miles, R. (1976). Awakening from the American dream: The social and political limits to growth. Universe Books.
  • President Wilson's Declaration of War Message to Congress. (April 2, 1917). Records of
  • the United States Senate; Record Group 46; National Archives.
  • Stein, G. (1937). Everybody's autobiography. Random House.
  • Stern, M. R. (1994). Tender is the night: The broken universe. Twayne Publishers.
  • Tipple, J. (1968). Crisis of the American dream; A history of American social thought, 1920-1940. Pegasus.
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Filiz Barın Akman This is me

Publication Date September 25, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 7 Issue: 28

Cite

APA Barın Akman, F. (2021). F. Scott Fitzgerald’s Tender is the Night (1934): The Lost Generation of America in the Aftermath of the First World War. Kesit Akademi Dergisi, 7(28), 59-70.