Repair of Complex Mitral Valve Pathologies: Is It Worth to Cope With?

Abstract

Introduction: Mitral valve (MV) repair is preferred over replacement for its benefits of preservation of ventricular function, lower operative mortality, superior long-term survival, and avoidance of anticoagulation. In this study, we aimed to review the repair techniques of complex MV pathologies and their outcomes.

Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 56 patients (mean age 41.8 ± 16.5 years; 33 males) who underwent repair of complex MV pathologies. 44 patients had pure mitral regurgitation (MR), and 12 (21.4%) had mixed mitral disease (mitral stenosis (MS) + MR). Preoperative and operative characteristics, postoperative MR severity, operative mortality, and midterm survival were examined for each patient.

Results: There was only one early death (30-day mortality: 1.8%) due to postoperative low cardiac output syndrome. The procedures were successful in all patients who underwent MV repair. Transthoracic echocardiography examinations revealed no/trivial MR in 74.6% and mild MR in 21.8% of patients at discharge. Late follow-up was obtained in 55 patients. The mean follow-up period of patients was 47.9 ± 23.1 months. Mortality developed in one (1.8%) patient with Marfan syndrome who had acute aortic dissection three years after MV surgery. During follow-up visits, mitral repair procedures were successful in 49 (90.7%) patients. Four (7.4%) patients presented with moderate MR. Only one (1.9%) patient needed reoperation because of severe MR.

Conclusion: This study showed that repair of complex MV pathologies provides excellent surgical outcomes. Repair of complex MV pathologies is safe and highly effective, but operations require considerable surgical experience.

Keywords

• Mitral valve repair,mitral regurgitation,mitral stenosis

Kompleks Mitral Kapak Patolojilerin Onarımı; Uğraşmaya Değer mi?

Abstract

Giriş: Ventrikül fonksiyonun korunması, daha az cerrahi mortaliteye sahip olması, üstün uzun dönem survey ve antikoagülan kullanımının önlenmesi gibi üstünlükleri nedeniyle mitral kapak onarımı replasmana daha çok tercih edilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kompleks mitral kapak patolojilerin onarım teknikleri ve sonuçları sunmaktır.

Hastalar ve Yöntem: Retrospektif olarak kompleks mitral kapak patolojilerin onarımı geçiren 56 hasta incelendi (ortalama yaş 41.8 ± 16.5 yıl; 33 erkek). Kırk dört hastada saf mitral yetmezliği varken, 12 (%21.4) hastada miks mitral kapak hastalığı (mitral darlığı + mitral yetmezliği) vardı. Preoperatif ve operatif özellikleri, postoperatif mitral yetmezliği derecesi, cerrahi mortalite ve orta dönem sonuçları her hasta için araştırıldı.

Bulgular: Postoperatif düşük kardiyak debi sendromuna bağlı bir hastada erken mortalite (30 gün mortalite: %1.8) görüldü. Mitral kapak onarımı ameliyatı olan bütün hastalarda mitral onarım prosedürleri başarılı olmuştur. Hastalar taburcu olduğunda yapılan ekokardiyografik değerlendirmede %74.6’sında hiç/eser yetersizlik ve %21.8’inde hafif yetersizlik saptandı. 55 hastada geç dönem takibi yapıldı. Hastalarımızın ortalama takip süresi 47.9 ± 23.1 aydı. Geç mortalite mitral kapak onarımından 3 yıl sonra akut aort diseksiyonu nedeniyle ameliyata alınan marfan sendromlu bir hastada gözlendi. Takipler sırasında yapılan ekokardiyografik değerlendirmede hastaların %90.7 (49 hasta)’sinde  hiç ya da hafif yetersizlik gözlendi. Orta yetersizlik gözlenen 4 (%7.4) hastada tıbbi tedavi uygulandı. İleri yetersizlik gözlenen 1 (%1.9) hastada reoperasyon uygulandı.

Sonuç: Çalışmamız kompleks mitral kapak patolojilerin onarımının sonuçları mükemmel olduğunu gösterdi. Kompleks mitral kapak patolojilerin onarım teknikleri güvenli ve sonuçları son derece etkindir, fakat ameliyatlarda yeterli cerrahi tecrübe gereklidir.

Keywords

• Mitral kapak onarımı,mitral yetmezliği,mitral darlığı

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