Kronik Asemptomatik Alkolik Hastalarda Subklinik Sol Ventrikül Disfonksiyonu

Abstract

Giriş: Bu çalışmanın amacı, normal sol ventrikül ejeksiyon fraksiyonu olan asemptomatik kronik alkolik hastalarda subklinik global sistolik fonksiyon bozukluğu olup olmadığını “speckle tracking ekokardiyografi (STE)” yöntemini kullanarak araştırmaktır.

Hastalar ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya, 30 sağlıklı hasta (ortalama yaş 34.8 ± 5.8 yıl) ve 75 asemptomatik alkolik hasta (ortalama yaş 39.8 ± 6.5 yıl) alındı ve bu hastalar yaşamı boyunca aldığı etanol miktarına (TLDE) göre iki gruba ayrıldı: grup I (TLDE < 15 kg etanol/vücut ağırlığı-kg) ve grup II (TLDE ≥ 15 kg etanol/vücut ağırlığı-kg). İki boyutlu STE analizinde, sol ventrikül (LV) global longitudinal strain (G-LS), sistolde longitudinal global strain rate (G-SRsys), erken diyastolde longitudinal global strain rate (G-SRearly) ve geç diyastolde longitudinal global strain rate (G-SRlate) değerleri hesaplandı.

Bulgular: Alkolik hastalarda, sistol sonu ve diyastol sonu çapların daha geniş, interventriküler septum ve posterior duvarın daha kalın ve LV kitle indeks değerlerinin daha yüksek olduğu saptandı. Ancak, alkolik hastalar arasında sistol sonu ve diyastol sonu çaplar ve LV kitle indeks değerleri açısından anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmadı. Gruplar arasında LV ejeksiyon fraksiyonu açısından farklılık yoktu. Alkolik hastalarda G-LS değerleri daha düşüktü (p< 0.001). LV kitle indeksi ve LV çaplarında anlamlı farklılık olmamasına rağmen, G-LS değerlerinin alkolik hastalarda belirgin düzeyde daha düşük olduğu gösterildi. Kontrol grubu ile kıyaslandığında, G-SRsys değerlerinin alkolik hastalarda daha düşük olduğu ancak G-SRearly ve G-SRlate değerlerinde farklılık olmadığı saptandı. G-LS değerleri ile TLDE arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon olduğu gösterildi (r= 0.49, p< 0.001).

Sonuç: Bildiğimiz kadarıyla çalışmamız literatürde, kronik alkolik hastalarda 2D-STE ile değerlendirmede longitudinal sistolik fonksiyonlarda erken bozulmanın olduğunu gösteren ilk çalışmadır. Bu fonksiyonel mekanikler, alkol tüketiminin artışına paralel olarak bozulmaktadır.

Keywords

• Alkolik hastalar,sol ventrikül disfonksiyonu,speckle tracking

Subclinical Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Chronic Asymptomatic Alcoholic Patients

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to use speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) for identifying subclinical global systolic function abnormalities in chronic asymptomatic alcoholic patients with a normal ejection fraction.

Patients and Methods: We included 30 healthy subjects (age 34.8 ± 5.8 years) and 75 asymptomatic alcoholic patients (age 39.8 ± 6.5 years) and divided them into two groups according to their total lifetime dose of ethanol (TLDE): group I (TLDE < 15 kg ethanol/kg body weight) and group II (TLDE ≥ 15 kg ethanol/kg body weight). In the two-dimensional (2D)-STE analysis, the left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (G-LS), longitudinal global strain rate in systole (G-SRsys), longitudinal global strain rate in early diastole (G-SRearly) and longitudinal global strain rate in late diastole (G-SRlate) values were obtained.

Results: Alcoholic patients had larger end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions, thicker interventricular septal and posterior wall and higher LV mass index. However, there were no differences in the end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions and LV mass index among them. The ejection fraction did not differ between the groups. The G-LS values were lower in alcoholic patients (p< 0.001). G-LS was found to be significantly lower among alcoholic patients, although the LV mass index and LV dimensions remained unchanged. Although G-SRsys was lower in alcoholic patients compared with that in controls (p= 0.03), there were no differences in the G-SRearly and G-SRlate values. There was a significant correlation between G-LS values and TLDE (r= 0.49, p< 0.001).

Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the presence of early functional abnormalities of longitudinal systolic function by 2D-STE in chronic alcoholic patients. These functional mechanics have a parallel impairment with the increase in alcohol consumption.

Keywords

• Alcoholic patients,left ventricular dysfunction,echocardiography,speckle tracking

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