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Comparison of Isothermic Continuous Retrograde Blood Cardioplegia vs. Intermittent Antegrade Blood Cardioplegia in Isolated CABG Surgery Patients

Year 2018, Volume: 21 Issue: 1, 39 - 42, 01.04.2018

Abstract

Introduction: CABG
surgeries are performed without complications owing to the improvements in
various myocardial protection methods.



Patients and Methods:
In
the present study, 109 patients who had undergone CABG surgeries between June
1, 2014 and July 31, 2014 were analyzed to investigate the superiority of two
different myocardial protection methods utilized in two groups. Group A
comprised 26 patients and intermittent isothermic antegrade blood cardioplegia
was used at 29°C-32°C. Group R comprised 83 patients and continuous retrograde
isothermic blood cardioplegia was used after single dose antegrade blood
cardioplegia at 29°C-32°C.



Results: For all
109 patients, early mortality rate was 1 (0.91%). Euroscore, age, sex, diabetes
mellitus, hypertension, ejection fraction, and preoperative creatinine levels
were comprehensively compared between the groups as the patient’s
characteristics. No statistical differences were found in these parameters of
the groups. Intraoperative and postoperative parameters such as total perfusion
time, aortic cross clamping time, prolonged mechanical ventilation needs,
postoperative first day troponin levels, usage of inotropic drugs, renal
insufficiency requiring hemodialysis, and ischemic ECG changes were
comprehensively compared between the groups. Total perfusion time (p= 0.016)
and aortic cross clamping time (p= 0.006) parameters were found statistically
different between the groups. No significant differences were found for the
other postoperative parameters of the groups.



Conclusion: The findings of this study
revealed that all methods compared and analyzed in this study for myocardial
protection can be used safely with similar early outcomes.

References

  • 1. Ferguson TB Jr, Hammill BG, Peterson ED, Delong ER, Grover FL. A decade of change –risk profiles and outcomes for isolated coronary artery bypass grafting procedures, 1990-1999: a report from the STS National Database Committee and the Duke Clinical Research Institute. Society of Thorasic Surgeons. Ann Thorac Surg 2002;73:480-9.
  • 2. Hendry PJ, Masters RG, Haspect A. Is there a place for cold crystalloid cardioplegia in the 1990s? Ann Thorac Surg 1994;58:1690-4.
  • 3. Menasche P, Subayi JB, Piwnica A. Retrograde coronary sinus cardioplegia for aortic valve operations: a clinical report on 500 patients. Ann Thorac Surg 1990;49:556-64.
  • 4. Stirling MC, McClanahan TB, Schott RJ, Lynch MJ, Bolling SF, Kirsh MM, et al. Distribution of cardioplegic solution infused antegradely and retrogradely in normal canine hearts. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1989;98:1066-76.
  • 5. Kaul TK, Khadimi RA, Sharif H, Ramsdale DR. Results of combined valve replacement and myocardial revascularization. Relation to method of myocardial protection. J Cardiovasc Surg 1989;30:322-7.
  • 6. Loop FD, Higgins TL, Panda R, Pearce G, Estafanous FG. Myocardial protection during cardiac operations. Decreased morbidity and lower cost with blood cardioplegia and coronary sinus perfusion. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1992;104:608-18.
  • 7. The Warm Heart Investigators. Randomised trial of normothermic versus hypothermic coronary bypass surgery. Lancet 1994;343:559-63.
  • 8. Pelletier LC, Carrier M, Leclerc Y, Cartier R, Wesolowska E, Solymoss BC. Intermittent antegrade warm versus cold blood cardioplegia: a prospective, randomized study. Ann Thorac Surg 1994;58:41-9.
  • 9. Quintillo C, Voci P, Bilotta F, Luzi G, Chiarotte F, Acconcia C, et al. Risk factors of incomplete distribution of cardioplegic solution during coronary artery grafting. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1995;109:439-47.
  • 10. Reimer KA, Jennings RB, Tatum AH. Pathobiology of acute myocardial ischemia: metabolic, functional and ultrastructural studies. Am J Cardiol 1983;52:72A-81A.
  • 11. Spieckermann PG, Braun U, Hellberg K, Lohr B, Kettler D, Nordeck E, et al. Survival and resusciation time of the heart during ketamine, barbiturates and halothane anesthesia. Z Prakt Anasth 1970;5:365-72.
  • 12. Yau TM, Weisel RD, Mickle DAG, Ivanov J, Mohabeer MK, Tumiati L, et al. Optimal delivery of blood cardioplegia. Circulation 1991;84(Suppl):III380-8.
  • 13. Yau TM, Ikonomidis JS, Weisel RD, Mickle DA, Hayashida N, Ivanov J, et al. Which techniques of cardioplegia prevent ischemia? Ann Thorac Surg 1993;56:1020-8.
  • 14. Hayashida N, Ikonomidis JS, Weisel RD, Shirai T, Ivanov J, Carson SM, et al. The optimal cardioplegic temperature. Ann Thorac Surg 1994;58:961-71.
  • 15. Hayashida N, Shirai T, Weisel RD, Ikonomidis JS, Ivanov J, Carson SM, et al. Tepid antegrade and retrograde cardioplegia. Ann Thorac Surg 1995;59:723-9.

İzole CABG Operasyonlarında Aralıklı Antegrad ile Tek Doz Antegrad Sonrası Devamlı Retrograd İzotermik Kan Kardiyopleji Uygulamalarının Karşılaştırılması

Year 2018, Volume: 21 Issue: 1, 39 - 42, 01.04.2018

Abstract

Giriş: Koroner arter baypas greftleme operasyonları (CABG)
günümüzde miyokardiyal koruma yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesi sayesinde güvenle
uygulanabilmektedir.



Hastalar ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda 1 Haziran-31 Temmuz
2014 tarihleri arasında kliniğimizde opere edilen izole CABG’li 109 hastanın
tamamı, uygulanan miyokardiyal koruma yöntemlerinin üstünlüklerini
değerlendirmek amaçlı iki grup halinde retrospektif olarak incelendi. Grup A’da
bulunan 26 hastada, 29-32°C’de aralıklı antegrad izotermik kan kardiyoplejisi
kullanıldı. Grup R’de bulunan 83 hastada, 29-32°C’de tek doz antegrad kan
kardiyoplejisi kullanımı sonrası devamlı retrograd izotermik kan kardiyoplejisi
uygulandı.



Bulgular: Tüm hastalarda erken dönem mortalitenin 1 (%0.91) adet
olduğu görüldü. Euroskor, yaş, cinsiyet, diyabet, ameliyat öncesi kan kreatin
düzeyi, hipertansiyon ve ejeksiyon fraksiyonu değerleri, gruplar arası ameliyat
öncesi hasta karakteristikleri olarak karşılaştırıldı. Bu parameterlerde
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı. Ameliyat sırası ve sonrasında
ise gruplar arası, total perfüzyon zamanı, aortik kros klemp süresi, inotrop
ihtiyacı, iskemik elektrokardiyografi (EKG) değişikliği, uzamış entübasyon
ihtiyacı, diyaliz gerektiren renal yetmezlik ve ameliyat sonrası birinci gün
troponin değerleri karşılaştırıldı. Total perfüzyon zamanı (p=  0.016) ve aortik kros klemp süresi (p= 0.006)
parametrelerinde gruplar arası istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık görüldü.
Diğer parametreler arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık
bulunmadı.



Sonuç: İzole CABG’li hastalarda
kullanılan miyokardiyal koruma yöntemlerinden antegrad ve retrograd
kardiyopleji uygulamalarının iki grupta karşılaştırıldığı çalışmamızda,
ameliyat öncesi ve sonrası parametrelerde gruplar arası çok yakın sonuçlar elde
ettik. Her iki yöntemle de miyokardiyal koruma güvenle sağlanabilmektedir.

References

  • 1. Ferguson TB Jr, Hammill BG, Peterson ED, Delong ER, Grover FL. A decade of change –risk profiles and outcomes for isolated coronary artery bypass grafting procedures, 1990-1999: a report from the STS National Database Committee and the Duke Clinical Research Institute. Society of Thorasic Surgeons. Ann Thorac Surg 2002;73:480-9.
  • 2. Hendry PJ, Masters RG, Haspect A. Is there a place for cold crystalloid cardioplegia in the 1990s? Ann Thorac Surg 1994;58:1690-4.
  • 3. Menasche P, Subayi JB, Piwnica A. Retrograde coronary sinus cardioplegia for aortic valve operations: a clinical report on 500 patients. Ann Thorac Surg 1990;49:556-64.
  • 4. Stirling MC, McClanahan TB, Schott RJ, Lynch MJ, Bolling SF, Kirsh MM, et al. Distribution of cardioplegic solution infused antegradely and retrogradely in normal canine hearts. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1989;98:1066-76.
  • 5. Kaul TK, Khadimi RA, Sharif H, Ramsdale DR. Results of combined valve replacement and myocardial revascularization. Relation to method of myocardial protection. J Cardiovasc Surg 1989;30:322-7.
  • 6. Loop FD, Higgins TL, Panda R, Pearce G, Estafanous FG. Myocardial protection during cardiac operations. Decreased morbidity and lower cost with blood cardioplegia and coronary sinus perfusion. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1992;104:608-18.
  • 7. The Warm Heart Investigators. Randomised trial of normothermic versus hypothermic coronary bypass surgery. Lancet 1994;343:559-63.
  • 8. Pelletier LC, Carrier M, Leclerc Y, Cartier R, Wesolowska E, Solymoss BC. Intermittent antegrade warm versus cold blood cardioplegia: a prospective, randomized study. Ann Thorac Surg 1994;58:41-9.
  • 9. Quintillo C, Voci P, Bilotta F, Luzi G, Chiarotte F, Acconcia C, et al. Risk factors of incomplete distribution of cardioplegic solution during coronary artery grafting. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1995;109:439-47.
  • 10. Reimer KA, Jennings RB, Tatum AH. Pathobiology of acute myocardial ischemia: metabolic, functional and ultrastructural studies. Am J Cardiol 1983;52:72A-81A.
  • 11. Spieckermann PG, Braun U, Hellberg K, Lohr B, Kettler D, Nordeck E, et al. Survival and resusciation time of the heart during ketamine, barbiturates and halothane anesthesia. Z Prakt Anasth 1970;5:365-72.
  • 12. Yau TM, Weisel RD, Mickle DAG, Ivanov J, Mohabeer MK, Tumiati L, et al. Optimal delivery of blood cardioplegia. Circulation 1991;84(Suppl):III380-8.
  • 13. Yau TM, Ikonomidis JS, Weisel RD, Mickle DA, Hayashida N, Ivanov J, et al. Which techniques of cardioplegia prevent ischemia? Ann Thorac Surg 1993;56:1020-8.
  • 14. Hayashida N, Ikonomidis JS, Weisel RD, Shirai T, Ivanov J, Carson SM, et al. The optimal cardioplegic temperature. Ann Thorac Surg 1994;58:961-71.
  • 15. Hayashida N, Shirai T, Weisel RD, Ikonomidis JS, Ivanov J, Carson SM, et al. Tepid antegrade and retrograde cardioplegia. Ann Thorac Surg 1995;59:723-9.
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Original Investigations
Authors

Babürhan Özbek

Mehmet Erdem Toker This is me

Publication Date April 1, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 21 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Özbek B, Toker ME. İzole CABG Operasyonlarında Aralıklı Antegrad ile Tek Doz Antegrad Sonrası Devamlı Retrograd İzotermik Kan Kardiyopleji Uygulamalarının Karşılaştırılması. Koşuyolu Heart Journal. 2018;21(1):39-42.