Serum Visfatin Levels and Coronary Artery Disease

Year 2014, Volume: 17 Issue: 2, 95 - 99, 01.02.2013

Mete Gürsoy Egemen Duygu Abdulkadir Faruk Hökenek Füsun Gülcan Barbaros Kınoğlu

https://doi.org/10.4274/khj.00710

Abstract

Introduction: Adipose tissue is not only source of energy but also an active endocrine organ serving function by secreting bioactive molecules called adipokines. Visfatin is a recently discovered adipokine and is proposed to play role in inflammatory and atherosclerotic states. We aimed to investigate the association of visfatin with coronary artery disease (CAD).Patients and Methods: Twenty patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting due to CAD were compared with 20 individuals without CAD angiographically. Gender, age, body mass index, and serum visfatin levels were compared between the two groups. Relationship of visfatin levels and severity of CAD, cross-clamp and cardiopulmonary bypass times were also investigated in the study group.Results: Age, gender, BMI, and blood pressures were not significantly different between the groups. There was significant difference in serum visfatin levels between the two groups (47.31±33.03 ng/mL and 9.04±7.18 ng/mL, p=0.0001). A strong correlation between the Gensini score and pre-operative visfatin levels (r=0.81; p=0.0001) was observed for the study group. No correlation was detected between the visfatin level and cardiopulmonary bypass and cross clamp times.Conclusion: Increased visfatin levels may be associated with inflammation and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Circulating visfatin level is increased in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Further studies are warranted to determine the predictive value of serum visfatin as a biomarker and potential therapeutic target for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords

Adipose tissue, adipokine; visfatin; atherosclerosis; coronary artery disease

Serum Visfatin Seviyesi ve Koroner Arter Hastalığı

Abstract

Giriş: Yağ dokusu yalnızca enerji kaynağı olmayıp aynı zamanda adipokin olarak adlandırılan biyoaktif maddeleri salgılayan bir endokrin organdır. Visfatin son dönemlerde keşfedilen, inflamasyon ve ateroskleroz ile ilişkilendirilen bir adipokindir. Bu çalışmada visfatinin koroner arter hastalığı ile ilişkisini araştırmayı amaçladık.Hastalar ve Yöntem: Koroner arter hastalığı sebebiyle koroner arter baypas greftleme planlanan 20 hasta anjiografik olarak koroner arter hastalığı olmayan 20 bireyle kıyaslandı. Cinsiyet, yaş, vücut kitle indeksi ve serum visfatin seviyesi gruplar arasında karşılaştırıldı. Visfatin seviyesinin koroner arter hastalığının ciddiyeti, aortic kros klemp zamanı ve kardiyopulmoner baypas zamanı ile ilişkisi de incelendi.Bulgular: Gruplar arasında yaş, cinsiyet, vücut kitle indeksi ve kan basınçları arasında fark saptanmadı. Serum visfatin seviyeleriyse anlamlı farklı bulundu (47,31±33,03 ng/ml ve 9,04±7,18 ng/ml, p=0,0001). Gensini skoru ile preoperative visfatin seviyesi arasında güçlü korelasyon saptandı (r=0,81; p=0,0001). Visfatin seviyesi ile kardiyopulmoner baypas ve aortic kros klemp zamanı arasında ilişki saptanmadı.Sonuç: Artmış serum visfatin seviyesi inflamasyon ve aterosklerotik kardiyovasküler hastalıklarla ilişkili olabilir. Dolaşımdaki visfatin seviyesi koroner arter baypas greftleme yapılan hastalarda artmıştır. Serum visfatin seviyesinin koroner arter hastalığı ile ilişkisi ve tedavi hedefleri arasındaki yerini belirleyebilmek için büyük ölçekli çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

Adipoz doku, adipokin; visfatin; ateroskleroz; koroner arter hastalığı

References

• Zhang Y, Proenca R, Maffei M, Barone M, Leopold L, Friedman JM. Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue. Nature 1994;372:425-32.
• Bountouris I, Paraskevas KI, Koutouzis M, Tzavara V, Nikolaou N, Nomikos A, et al. Serum leptin levels in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy: a pilot study. Angiology 2010;60:698-704.
• Blüher M. Adipose tissue dysfunction contributes to obesity related metabolic diseases. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013;27:163-77.
• Fried SK, Bunkin DA, Greenberg AS. Omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese subjects release interleukin-6: depot difference and regulation by glucocorticoid. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998;83:847-50.
• Fukuhara A, Matsuda M, Nishizawa M, Segawa K, Tanaka M, Kishimoto K, et al. Visfatin: a protein secreted by visceral fat that mimics the effects of insulin. Science 2005;307:426-30.
• Shaker O, El-Shehaby A, Zakaria A, Mostafa N, Talaat S, Katsiki N, et al. Plasma visfatin and retinol binding protein-4 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their relationship to adiposity and fatty liver. Clin Biochem 2011;44:1457-63.
• Wang Z, Nakayama T. Inflammation, a link between obesity and cardiovascular disease. Mediators Inflamm 2010;2010:535918.
• Filippatos TD, Randeva HS, Derdemezis CS, Elisaf MS, Mikhailidis DP. Visfatin/PBEF and atherosclerosis-related diseases. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2010;8:12-28.
• Kitani T, Okuno S, Fujisawa H. Growth phase-dependent changes in the subcellular localization of pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor. FEBS Lett 2003;544:74-8.
• Samal B, Sun Y, Stearns G, Xie C, Suggs S, McNiece I. Cloning and characterization of the cDNA encoding a novel human pre-B-cell colony- enhancing factor. Mol Cell Biol 1994;14:1431-7.
• Filizcan U, Kurc E, Cetemen S, Soylu O, Aydogan H, Bayserke O, et al. Mortality predictors in ST-elevated myocardial infarction patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Angiology 2011;62:68-73.
• Ugurlucan M, Yerebakan C, Furlani D, Ma N, Steinhoff G. Cell sources for cardiovascular tissue regeneration and engineering. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009;57:63-73.
• DeClercq V, Taylor C, Zahradka P. Adipose tissue: the link between obesity andcardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2008;8:228-37.
• Moschen AR, Kaser A, Enrich B, Mosheimer B, Theurl M, Niederegger H, et al. Visfatin, an adipocytokine with proinflammatory and immunomodulating properties. J Immunol 2007;178:1748-58.
• Dahl TB, Yndestad A, Skjelland M, Øie E, Dahl A, Michelsen A, et al. Increased expression of visfatin in macrophages of human unstable carotid and coronary atherosclerosis: possible role in inflammation and plaque destabilization. Circulation 2007;115:972-80.
• Filippatos TD, Tsimihodimos V, Derdemezis CS, Gazi IF, Saougos V, Mikhailidis DP, et al. Increased plasma visfatin concentration is a marker of an atherogenic metabolic profile. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013;23:330-6.
• Karaduman M, Oktenli C, Musabak U, Sengul A, Yesilova Z, Cingoz F, et al. Leptin, soluble interleukin-6 receptor, C-reactive protein and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels in human coronary atherosclerotic plaque. Clin Exp Immunol 2006;143:452-7.
• Tousoulis D, Charakida M, Stefanadis C. Endothelial function and inflammation in coronary artery disease. Heart 2006;92:441-4.
• Neeland IJ, Patel RS, Eshtehardi P, Dhawan S, McDaniel MC, Rab ST, et al. Coronary angiographic scoring systems: an evaluation of their equivalence and validity. Am Heart J 2012;164:547-52.
• Ohman MK, Wright AP, Wickenheiser KJ, Luo W, Eitzman DT. Visceral adipose tissue and atherosclerosis. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2009;7:169-79
• Yudkin JS. Adipose tissue, insulin action and vascular disease: inflammatory signals. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2003;27(Suppl 3):S25-8.
• Samad F, Badeanlou L, Shah C, Yang G. Adipose tissue and ceramide biosynthesis in the pathogenesis of obesity. Adv Exp Med Biol 2011;721:67-86.
• Fried SK, Leibel RL, Edens NK, Kral JG. Lipolysis in intraabdominal adipose tissues of obese women and men. Obes Res 1993;1:443-8.
• Choi KM, Lee JS, Kim EJ, Baik SH, Seo HS, Choi DS, et al. Implication of lipocalin-2 and visfatin levels in patients with coronary heart disease. Eur J Endocrinol 2008;158:203-7.
• Johnston TP. Poloxamer 407 as a general lipase inhibitor: its implications in lipid metabolism and atheroma formation in C57BL/6 mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010;62:1807-12.
• Liu SW, Qiao SB, Yuan JS, Liu DQ. Association of plasma visfatin levels with inflammation, atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in humans. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2009;71:202-7.
• Kadoglou NP, Gkontopoulos A, Kapelouzou A, Fotiadis G, Theofilogiannakos EK, Kottas G, et al. Serum levels of vaspin and visfatin in patients with coronary artery disease-Kozani study. Clin Chim Acta 2011;412:48-52.
• Catalán V, Gómez-Ambrosi J, Rodríguez A, Ramírez B, Silva C, Rotellar F, et al. Association of increased visfatin/PBEF/NAMPT circulating concentrations and gene expression levels in peripheral blood cells with lipid metabolism and fatty liver in human morbid obesity. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2011;21:245-53.
• Stofkova A. Resistin and visfatin: regulators of insulin sensitivity, inflammation and immunity. Endocr Regul 2010;44:25-36.
• Takebayashi K, Suetsugu M, Wakabayashi S, Aso Y, Inukai T. Association between plasma visfatin and vascular endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 2007;56:451-8.
• Tousoulis D, Charakida M, Stefanadis C. Endothelial function and inflammation in coronary artery disease. Heart 2006;92:441-4.
• Garten A, Petzold S, Körner A, Imai S, Kiess W. Nampt: linking NAD biology, metabolism and cancer. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2009;20:130-8.
• Rodríguez A, Catalán V, Gómez-Ambrosi J, Frühbeck G. Visceral and subcutaneous adiposity: are both potential therapeutic targets for tackling the metabolic syndrome? Curr Pharm Des 2007;13:2169-75.
• Varma V, Yao-Borengasser A, Rasouli N, Bodles AM, Phanavanh B, Lee MJ, et al. Human visfatin expression: relationship to insulin sensitivity, intramyocellular lipids, and inflammation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92:666-72.
• Chen CC, Li TC, Li CI, Liu CS, Lin WY, Wu MT, et al. The relationship between visfatin levels and anthropometric and metabolic parameters: association with cholesterol levels in women. Metabolism 2007;56:1216-20.
• Berndt J, Klöting N, Kralisch S, Kovacs P, Fasshauer M, Schön MR, et al. Plasma visfatin concentrations and fat depot-specific mRNA expression in humans. Diabetes 2005;54:2911-6.
• Beiser DG, Wang H, Li J, Wang X, Yordanova V, Das A, et al. Plasma and myocardial visfatin expression changes are associated with therapeutic hypothermia protection during murine hemorrhagic shock/resuscitation. Resuscitation 2010;81:742-8.