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An Important Method in the Investigation of Vascular Pathologies: Endothelial Cell Culture

Year 2012, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 137 - 142, 01.03.2011

Abstract

Endothelial cells line the interior surface of blood vessels and form an interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall. Endothelial cells are involved in many aspects of vascular biology, including barrier function, vasoconstriction, coagulation and inflamation. The endothelial cells in different organs have different functions and surface phenotype. These cells express prostoglandin-I2, platelet activating factor, collagen, endothelin-1, laminin, fibronectin and growth factors including platelet derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor. İn the cell culture, cells can be isolated, maintened and proliferate in the laboratory conditions. The techniques of the cell culture have allowed scientists to use the cells in vitro for experimental studies, such as the production of vaccine, antibody and enzime, drug research, cell-cell interactions. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell is a good source for endothelial cell, because it is cheaper, easy to find and has the basic features of the normal endothelial cells.

References

  • Cines DB, Pollak ES, Buck CA, Loscalzo J, Zimmerman GA, McE- ver RP, et al. Endothelial cells in physiology and in the pathophysi- ology of vascular disorders. Blood 1998;91:3527-61.
  • Junqueira LC, Carneiro J. Basic Histology. 10th ed. International Edition. Mc Graw-Hill, 2003:215-31.
  • Risau W, Flamme I. Vasculogenesis. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 1995;11:73-91.
  • Sadler TW. Medikal Embriyoloji. Başaklar C (editör). 7. Baskı. An- kara: Palme Yayıncılık, 1996:65-87, 175-220.
  • Gartner LP, Hiatt JL. Color Textbook of Histology. 2nd ed. Internati- onal Editional. WB Saunders Company, 2001:251-71.
  • Dejana E. Endothelial adherens junctions: implications in the control of vascular permeability and angiogenesis. J Clin Invest 1996;98:1949-53.
  • Kumar S, West DC, Ager A. Heterogeneity in endothelial cells from large vessels and microvessels. Differentiation 1987;36:57-70.
  • Levin EG, Osborn KG. The expression of endothelial cell tissue plazminogen activator in vivo: a function defined by vessel size and anatomic location. J Cell Sci 1997;11:139-48.
  • Morin O, Patry P, Lafleur L. Heterogeneity of endothelial cells of adult rat liver as resolved by sedimentation velocity and flow cyto- metry. J Cell Physiol 1984;119:327-34.
  • Zhu D, Cheng C, Pauli BU. Mediation of lung metastasis of murine melanoma by a lung-specific endothelial cell adhesion molecule. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991;88:9568-72.
  • Milici AJ, Furie MB, Carley WW. The formation of fenestrations and cnannels by capillary endothelium in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1985;82:6181-5.
  • Meredith IT, Yeung AC, Weidinger FF, et al. Role of impaired en- dothelium-dependent vasodilation in ischemic manifestations of coronary artery disease. Circulation 1993;87(Suppl V):V56-66.
  • Ross MH, Kaye GI, Pawlina W. Histology. 4th ed. Baltimore: Lip- pincott Williams and Wilkins, 2003:96-111, 326-55.
  • Ganong WF. Tıbbi Fizyoloji. Türk Fizyolojik Bilimler Derneği Çevi- risi. 19. Baskı. İstanbul: Barış Kitabevi,1999;12:627-42.
  • Epstein HF, Levin ER. Endothelins. New Engl J Med 1995;333:356- 63.
  • Forstermann U, Mugge A, Alheid U, Haverich U, Frolich JC. Selec- tive attenuation of endothelium-mediated vasodilation in atherosc- lerotic human coronary arteries. Circ Res 1988;62:185-90.
  • Jaffe EA, Nachman RL, Becker CG. Culture of human endothelial cells derived from umblical cord veins: identification by morpholo- gic criteria. J Clin Invest 1973;52:2745-56.
  • Jaffe EA. Culture and identification of large vessel endothelial cells. Biology of Endothelial Cells. Jeffe EA (ed). Martinus Nijhoff. Boston. 1984:1-13.
  • Can Z, Adanalı G, Yılmaz S. Doku kültürü. Türkiye Tıp Dergisi 1997;4:53-7.
  • Freshney RI. Culture of animal cells. 3rd Ed. USA. Chapter: 1, 7, 9. 1994:1-7, 71-103.
  • Gargett CE, Bucak K, Rogers PAW. Isolation, characterization long-term culture of human myometrial microvascular endothelial cells. Hum Reprod 2000;15:293-301.
  • Santos WLC, Rahman J, Klein N, Male DK. Control of lymphocyte adhesion to brain and aortic endothelium: ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and negative charge. J Neuroimmunol 1996;66:125-34.
  • Bhat S, Shim JS, Zhang F, Chong CR, Liu JO. Substituted oxines inhibit endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Org Biomol Chem 2012. [Epub ahead of print].
  • Xing D, Li P, Gong K, Yang Z, Yu H, Hage FG, et al. Endothelial Cells Overexpressing Interleukin-8 (IL8) Receptors Reduce Inf- lammatory and Neointimal Responses to Arterial Injury. Circulati- on. 2012 Feb 23. [Epub ahead of print]
  • Di Pietro R, Mariggio MA, Guarnieri S, Sancilio S, Giardinelli A, Di Silvestre S, et al. 2005.Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis- inducing ligand (TRAIL) regulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity and its localization within the human vein endothe- lial cells (HUVEC) in culture. J Cell Biochem 2006;97:782-94.
  • Yazır Y. İnsan umbilikal venlerinden elde edilen endotel hücre kül- türünde, vasküler endoteliyal büyüme faktörünün, vasküler hücre adezyon molekülü-1 ve intersellüler adezyon molekülü-1 ekspres- yonu üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi. Kocaeli; KOÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Doktora Tezi, 2004.
  • Marconcini L, Marchio S, Morbidelli L, Cartocci E, Albini A, Ziche M, et al. C-fos-induced growth factor/VEGF-D induces angiogene- sis in-vivo and in-vitro. Proc Nath Acad Sci USA 1999;96:9671-6.
  • Grooby W, Krishnan R, Russ GR. Characterization of ovine umbli- cal vein endothelial cells and their expression of cell adhesion mo- lecules: comparative study with human endothelial cells. Immunol Cell Biol 1997;75:21-8.
  • Kotowicz K, Dixon GLJ, Klein MJ, Peters MJ, Callard RE. Biologi- cal fuction of CD40 on human endothelial cells: costimulation with CD40 ligand and interleukin-4 selectively induces expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and P-selectin resulting in pre- ferential adhesion of lymphocytes. Immunology 2000;100:441-8.
  • Gho YS, Kim PN, Li H, Elkin M, Klenman HK. Stimulation of tumor growth by human soluble ICAM-1. Cancer Research 2001;61:4253-7.
  • Boehme MWJ, Raeth U, Scherbaum WA, Galle PR, Stremmel W. İnteraction of endothelial cells and neutrophils in vitro. Clin Exp Immunol 2000;119:250-4.
  • Grabner R, Till U, Heller R. Flow cytometric determination of E-selectin, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 in formaldehyde-fixed endotheli- al cell monolayers. Cytometry 2000;40:238-44.
  • Miro X, Casacuberta JM, Gutierrez-Lopez MD, De Landazuri MO, Puigdomenech P. Phosphodiesterases 4D and 7A splice variants in the response of huvec cells to TNF-α. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000;274:415-21.
  • Zapolska-Downar D, Zapolski-Downar A, Markievski M, Ciecha- nowicz A, Kaczmarczyk M, Naruszewicz M. Selective inhibition by α-tocopherol of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in human vascular endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000;274:609-15.
  • Faehling M, Koch ED, Raithel J, Trischler G, Waltenberger J. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A activates Ca2+-activated K+ channels in human endothelial cells in culture. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2001;33:337-46.
  • Yue X, Tomanek RJ. Effects of VEGF165 and VEGF121 on vasculo- genesis and angiogenesis in cultured embriyonic quail hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2001;280:H2240-47.
  • Zhang X, Wang L, Jiang TY, Zhang HP, Dou Y, Zhao JH, et al. Effects of testosterone and 17-β-estradiol on TNF-α-induced E-selectin and VCAM-1 expression in endothelial cells analysis of the underlying receptor pathways. Life Sciences 2002;71:15-29.
  • Qi J, Kreutzer DL, Piela-Smith TH. Fibrin induction of ICAM–1 expression in human vascular endothelial cells. J Immunol 1997;158:1880-6.
  • Murakami S, Morioka T, Nakagawa Y, Suzuki Y, Arakawa M, Oite T. Expressions of adhesion molecules by cultured human glomerular endothelial cells in response to cytokines: comparison to HUVEC and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. Microvascular Research 2001;62:383-91.
  • Gao Y, Zhou Q, Qu M, Yang L, Wang Y, Shi W. In vitro culture of human fetal corneal endothelial cells. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Oph- thalmol 2011;249:663-9.
  • Tille JC, Wood J, Mandriota SJ, Schnell C, Ferrari S, Mestan J, et al. VEGF receptor-2 antagonists inhibit VEGF and basic fibroblast growth factor-induced angiogenesis in-vivo and in-vitro. J Phar- macol Exp Ther 2001;299:1073-85.
  • Gao Y, Zhou Q, Qu M, Yang L, Wang Y, Shi W. In vitro culture of human fetal corneal endothelial cells. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Oph- thalmol 2011;249:663-9.
  • Zhang F, Yu W, Hargrove JL, et al. Inhibition of TNF-α induced ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression by selenium. Athe- rosclerosis 2002;161:381-6.
  • Lorenzon P, Vecile E, Nardon E, Ferrero E, Harlan JM, Tedes- co F, et al. Endothelial cell E- and P-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 functio as signaling receptors. J Cell Biol 1998;142:1381-91.
  • Santos WLC, Rahman J, Klein N, Male DK. Control of lymphocyte adhesion to brain and aortic endothelium: ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and negative charge. J Neuroimmunol 1996;66:125-34.
  • Simard M, Drolet R, Blomquist CH, Tremblay Y. Human type 2 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in umbilical vein and artery endothelial cells: differential inactivation of sex steroids according to the vessel type. Endocrine 2011;40:203-11.
  • Mustjoki S, Alitalo R, Elonen E, Carpen O, Gahmberg CG, Vaheri A. ICAM-1 in extravasation of normal mononuclear and leukaemia cells. Br J Haematol 2001;113:989-1000.
  • Morgan DML. Human Cell Culture Protocols. (Jones GE (ed). “Iso- lation and culture of human umblical vein endothelial cells” Chap- ter: 9. 1996: 101-10.
  • İvanov D, Philipova M, Tkachuk V, Erne P, Resink T. Cell adhesion molecule t-cadherin regulates vascular cell adhesion, phenotype and motility. Exp Cell Res 2004;293:207-18.
  • Bala K, Ambwani K, Gohil NK. Effect of different mitogens and serum concentration on HUVEC morphology and characte- ristics: implication on use of higher passage cells. Tissue Cell 2011;43:216-22.

Vasküler Patolojilerin Araştırılmasında Önemli Bir Araç: Endotel Hücre Kültürü

Year 2012, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 137 - 142, 01.03.2011

Abstract

Endotel hücreleri kan damarlarının iç yüzeyini döşer ve damar duvarıyla dolaşan kan arasında ayırıcı bir yüzey oluşturur. Endotel hücreleri bariyer oluşturma, vazokonstrüksiyon, pıhtılaşma ve yangı gibi birçok vasküler biyolojik olayda rol alır. Farklı organlarda bulunan endotel hücreleri farklı fonksiyonlara ve yüzey fenotiplerine sahiptir. Bu hücreler prostaglandin-I2, trombosit aktive edici faktör, kollajen, endotelin-1, laminin, trombosit kaynaklı büyüme faktörü ve fibroblast büyüme faktörü gibi birçok molekül sentezler. Hücre kültüründe hücreler, laboratuvar koşullarında izole edilir, devamlılıkları sağlanır ve çoğaltılır. Hücre kültür teknikleri; aşı, antikor ve enzim üretimi, ilaç araştırmaları, hücreler arası bağlantılar gibi birçok farklı deneysel çalışma için bu hücrelerin organizma dışında kullanımına olanak sağlar. İnsan göbek kordonu veninden elde edilen endotel hücreleri iyi bir endotel hücre kaynağıdır. Çünkü bu hücreler endotel hücrelerin temel özelliklerine sahiptir, kolay bulunur ve ucuzdur.

References

  • Cines DB, Pollak ES, Buck CA, Loscalzo J, Zimmerman GA, McE- ver RP, et al. Endothelial cells in physiology and in the pathophysi- ology of vascular disorders. Blood 1998;91:3527-61.
  • Junqueira LC, Carneiro J. Basic Histology. 10th ed. International Edition. Mc Graw-Hill, 2003:215-31.
  • Risau W, Flamme I. Vasculogenesis. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 1995;11:73-91.
  • Sadler TW. Medikal Embriyoloji. Başaklar C (editör). 7. Baskı. An- kara: Palme Yayıncılık, 1996:65-87, 175-220.
  • Gartner LP, Hiatt JL. Color Textbook of Histology. 2nd ed. Internati- onal Editional. WB Saunders Company, 2001:251-71.
  • Dejana E. Endothelial adherens junctions: implications in the control of vascular permeability and angiogenesis. J Clin Invest 1996;98:1949-53.
  • Kumar S, West DC, Ager A. Heterogeneity in endothelial cells from large vessels and microvessels. Differentiation 1987;36:57-70.
  • Levin EG, Osborn KG. The expression of endothelial cell tissue plazminogen activator in vivo: a function defined by vessel size and anatomic location. J Cell Sci 1997;11:139-48.
  • Morin O, Patry P, Lafleur L. Heterogeneity of endothelial cells of adult rat liver as resolved by sedimentation velocity and flow cyto- metry. J Cell Physiol 1984;119:327-34.
  • Zhu D, Cheng C, Pauli BU. Mediation of lung metastasis of murine melanoma by a lung-specific endothelial cell adhesion molecule. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991;88:9568-72.
  • Milici AJ, Furie MB, Carley WW. The formation of fenestrations and cnannels by capillary endothelium in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1985;82:6181-5.
  • Meredith IT, Yeung AC, Weidinger FF, et al. Role of impaired en- dothelium-dependent vasodilation in ischemic manifestations of coronary artery disease. Circulation 1993;87(Suppl V):V56-66.
  • Ross MH, Kaye GI, Pawlina W. Histology. 4th ed. Baltimore: Lip- pincott Williams and Wilkins, 2003:96-111, 326-55.
  • Ganong WF. Tıbbi Fizyoloji. Türk Fizyolojik Bilimler Derneği Çevi- risi. 19. Baskı. İstanbul: Barış Kitabevi,1999;12:627-42.
  • Epstein HF, Levin ER. Endothelins. New Engl J Med 1995;333:356- 63.
  • Forstermann U, Mugge A, Alheid U, Haverich U, Frolich JC. Selec- tive attenuation of endothelium-mediated vasodilation in atherosc- lerotic human coronary arteries. Circ Res 1988;62:185-90.
  • Jaffe EA, Nachman RL, Becker CG. Culture of human endothelial cells derived from umblical cord veins: identification by morpholo- gic criteria. J Clin Invest 1973;52:2745-56.
  • Jaffe EA. Culture and identification of large vessel endothelial cells. Biology of Endothelial Cells. Jeffe EA (ed). Martinus Nijhoff. Boston. 1984:1-13.
  • Can Z, Adanalı G, Yılmaz S. Doku kültürü. Türkiye Tıp Dergisi 1997;4:53-7.
  • Freshney RI. Culture of animal cells. 3rd Ed. USA. Chapter: 1, 7, 9. 1994:1-7, 71-103.
  • Gargett CE, Bucak K, Rogers PAW. Isolation, characterization long-term culture of human myometrial microvascular endothelial cells. Hum Reprod 2000;15:293-301.
  • Santos WLC, Rahman J, Klein N, Male DK. Control of lymphocyte adhesion to brain and aortic endothelium: ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and negative charge. J Neuroimmunol 1996;66:125-34.
  • Bhat S, Shim JS, Zhang F, Chong CR, Liu JO. Substituted oxines inhibit endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Org Biomol Chem 2012. [Epub ahead of print].
  • Xing D, Li P, Gong K, Yang Z, Yu H, Hage FG, et al. Endothelial Cells Overexpressing Interleukin-8 (IL8) Receptors Reduce Inf- lammatory and Neointimal Responses to Arterial Injury. Circulati- on. 2012 Feb 23. [Epub ahead of print]
  • Di Pietro R, Mariggio MA, Guarnieri S, Sancilio S, Giardinelli A, Di Silvestre S, et al. 2005.Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis- inducing ligand (TRAIL) regulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity and its localization within the human vein endothe- lial cells (HUVEC) in culture. J Cell Biochem 2006;97:782-94.
  • Yazır Y. İnsan umbilikal venlerinden elde edilen endotel hücre kül- türünde, vasküler endoteliyal büyüme faktörünün, vasküler hücre adezyon molekülü-1 ve intersellüler adezyon molekülü-1 ekspres- yonu üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi. Kocaeli; KOÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü. Doktora Tezi, 2004.
  • Marconcini L, Marchio S, Morbidelli L, Cartocci E, Albini A, Ziche M, et al. C-fos-induced growth factor/VEGF-D induces angiogene- sis in-vivo and in-vitro. Proc Nath Acad Sci USA 1999;96:9671-6.
  • Grooby W, Krishnan R, Russ GR. Characterization of ovine umbli- cal vein endothelial cells and their expression of cell adhesion mo- lecules: comparative study with human endothelial cells. Immunol Cell Biol 1997;75:21-8.
  • Kotowicz K, Dixon GLJ, Klein MJ, Peters MJ, Callard RE. Biologi- cal fuction of CD40 on human endothelial cells: costimulation with CD40 ligand and interleukin-4 selectively induces expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and P-selectin resulting in pre- ferential adhesion of lymphocytes. Immunology 2000;100:441-8.
  • Gho YS, Kim PN, Li H, Elkin M, Klenman HK. Stimulation of tumor growth by human soluble ICAM-1. Cancer Research 2001;61:4253-7.
  • Boehme MWJ, Raeth U, Scherbaum WA, Galle PR, Stremmel W. İnteraction of endothelial cells and neutrophils in vitro. Clin Exp Immunol 2000;119:250-4.
  • Grabner R, Till U, Heller R. Flow cytometric determination of E-selectin, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 in formaldehyde-fixed endotheli- al cell monolayers. Cytometry 2000;40:238-44.
  • Miro X, Casacuberta JM, Gutierrez-Lopez MD, De Landazuri MO, Puigdomenech P. Phosphodiesterases 4D and 7A splice variants in the response of huvec cells to TNF-α. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000;274:415-21.
  • Zapolska-Downar D, Zapolski-Downar A, Markievski M, Ciecha- nowicz A, Kaczmarczyk M, Naruszewicz M. Selective inhibition by α-tocopherol of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in human vascular endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000;274:609-15.
  • Faehling M, Koch ED, Raithel J, Trischler G, Waltenberger J. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A activates Ca2+-activated K+ channels in human endothelial cells in culture. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2001;33:337-46.
  • Yue X, Tomanek RJ. Effects of VEGF165 and VEGF121 on vasculo- genesis and angiogenesis in cultured embriyonic quail hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2001;280:H2240-47.
  • Zhang X, Wang L, Jiang TY, Zhang HP, Dou Y, Zhao JH, et al. Effects of testosterone and 17-β-estradiol on TNF-α-induced E-selectin and VCAM-1 expression in endothelial cells analysis of the underlying receptor pathways. Life Sciences 2002;71:15-29.
  • Qi J, Kreutzer DL, Piela-Smith TH. Fibrin induction of ICAM–1 expression in human vascular endothelial cells. J Immunol 1997;158:1880-6.
  • Murakami S, Morioka T, Nakagawa Y, Suzuki Y, Arakawa M, Oite T. Expressions of adhesion molecules by cultured human glomerular endothelial cells in response to cytokines: comparison to HUVEC and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. Microvascular Research 2001;62:383-91.
  • Gao Y, Zhou Q, Qu M, Yang L, Wang Y, Shi W. In vitro culture of human fetal corneal endothelial cells. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Oph- thalmol 2011;249:663-9.
  • Tille JC, Wood J, Mandriota SJ, Schnell C, Ferrari S, Mestan J, et al. VEGF receptor-2 antagonists inhibit VEGF and basic fibroblast growth factor-induced angiogenesis in-vivo and in-vitro. J Phar- macol Exp Ther 2001;299:1073-85.
  • Gao Y, Zhou Q, Qu M, Yang L, Wang Y, Shi W. In vitro culture of human fetal corneal endothelial cells. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Oph- thalmol 2011;249:663-9.
  • Zhang F, Yu W, Hargrove JL, et al. Inhibition of TNF-α induced ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression by selenium. Athe- rosclerosis 2002;161:381-6.
  • Lorenzon P, Vecile E, Nardon E, Ferrero E, Harlan JM, Tedes- co F, et al. Endothelial cell E- and P-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 functio as signaling receptors. J Cell Biol 1998;142:1381-91.
  • Santos WLC, Rahman J, Klein N, Male DK. Control of lymphocyte adhesion to brain and aortic endothelium: ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and negative charge. J Neuroimmunol 1996;66:125-34.
  • Simard M, Drolet R, Blomquist CH, Tremblay Y. Human type 2 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in umbilical vein and artery endothelial cells: differential inactivation of sex steroids according to the vessel type. Endocrine 2011;40:203-11.
  • Mustjoki S, Alitalo R, Elonen E, Carpen O, Gahmberg CG, Vaheri A. ICAM-1 in extravasation of normal mononuclear and leukaemia cells. Br J Haematol 2001;113:989-1000.
  • Morgan DML. Human Cell Culture Protocols. (Jones GE (ed). “Iso- lation and culture of human umblical vein endothelial cells” Chap- ter: 9. 1996: 101-10.
  • İvanov D, Philipova M, Tkachuk V, Erne P, Resink T. Cell adhesion molecule t-cadherin regulates vascular cell adhesion, phenotype and motility. Exp Cell Res 2004;293:207-18.
  • Bala K, Ambwani K, Gohil NK. Effect of different mitogens and serum concentration on HUVEC morphology and characte- ristics: implication on use of higher passage cells. Tissue Cell 2011;43:216-22.
There are 50 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Yusufhan Yazır This is me

Hakkı Dalçık This is me

Publication Date March 1, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 15 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Yazır, Y. ., & Dalçık, H. . (2011). Vasküler Patolojilerin Araştırılmasında Önemli Bir Araç: Endotel Hücre Kültürü. Koşuyolu Kalp Dergisi, 15(3), 137-142.
AMA Yazır Y, Dalçık H. Vasküler Patolojilerin Araştırılmasında Önemli Bir Araç: Endotel Hücre Kültürü. Koşuyolu Kalp Dergisi. March 2011;15(3):137-142.
Chicago Yazır, Yusufhan, and Hakkı Dalçık. “Vasküler Patolojilerin Araştırılmasında Önemli Bir Araç: Endotel Hücre Kültürü”. Koşuyolu Kalp Dergisi 15, no. 3 (March 2011): 137-42.
EndNote Yazır Y, Dalçık H (March 1, 2011) Vasküler Patolojilerin Araştırılmasında Önemli Bir Araç: Endotel Hücre Kültürü. Koşuyolu Kalp Dergisi 15 3 137–142.
IEEE Y. . Yazır and H. . Dalçık, “Vasküler Patolojilerin Araştırılmasında Önemli Bir Araç: Endotel Hücre Kültürü”, Koşuyolu Kalp Dergisi, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 137–142, 2011.
ISNAD Yazır, Yusufhan - Dalçık, Hakkı. “Vasküler Patolojilerin Araştırılmasında Önemli Bir Araç: Endotel Hücre Kültürü”. Koşuyolu Kalp Dergisi 15/3 (March 2011), 137-142.
JAMA Yazır Y, Dalçık H. Vasküler Patolojilerin Araştırılmasında Önemli Bir Araç: Endotel Hücre Kültürü. Koşuyolu Kalp Dergisi. 2011;15:137–142.
MLA Yazır, Yusufhan and Hakkı Dalçık. “Vasküler Patolojilerin Araştırılmasında Önemli Bir Araç: Endotel Hücre Kültürü”. Koşuyolu Kalp Dergisi, vol. 15, no. 3, 2011, pp. 137-42.
Vancouver Yazır Y, Dalçık H. Vasküler Patolojilerin Araştırılmasında Önemli Bir Araç: Endotel Hücre Kültürü. Koşuyolu Kalp Dergisi. 2011;15(3):137-42.