Cytotoxic Effects of Disinfectants in Tap Water on Hordeum vulgare L. and Eisenia fetida Savigny

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 158 - 165, 30.11.2024

Sibel Sütlüoğlu , Özlem Aksoy

https://doi.org/10.34088/kojose.1329925

Abstract

The tap water must be disinfected to remove the disease-causing microorganisms. Most disinfection methods used in water treatment are decoction, chlorination, disinfection with ozone, disinfection with ultraviolet light, with peracetic acid. The effects of some disinfectants used in tap water treatment were investigated in the seeds of Hordeum vulgare and the worm Eisenia fetida. The concentration that halves the root lenghts for the seeds and the concentration that is lethal for fifty percent of worms were calculated using these disinfectants. Within three days of application, the EC50 values for H. vulgare were determined as 20 µl/ml, 240 mg/ml and 80 µl/ml for NaOCl, Ca(ClO)2 and PAA respectively. The lethal dose that kills the fifty percent of red worms was determined as 30µl/ml, 8 mg/ml and 25µl/ml for NaOCl, Ca(ClO)2 and PAA respectively. Cytotoxic effects were examined using the mitotic index and chromosomal abnormality test in H. vulgare. We observed that different concentrations of NaOCl, Ca(ClO)2 and PAA decreased the value of mitotic index. Also the abnormal cell frequency in mitotic divisions on the root meristematic cells of H.vulgare were increased. The alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis method was used to determine the genotoxicity of NaOCl and Ca(ClO)2 applications on E.fetida. Compared with the control group, it was determined that the degree of DNA damage after Ca(ClO)2 application was higher than NaOCl. Because these chemicals can create cytotoxic effects, they should also be used cautiously at low concentrations.

Keywords

Hordeum vulgare, Eisenia fetida, Cytotoxicity, Genotoxicity, Disinfectants

Supporting Institution

Kocaeli Üniversitesi

Project Number

KOU-BAP-2018-131

Thanks

The authors would like to thank Kocaeli University that this study was supported by Kocaeli University Scientific Research Projects Unit under Grant 2018-131.

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