A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LAND FRAGMENTATION AND CONSOLIDATION PRACTICES, POLICY RESPONSES IN TÜRKİYE AND KYRGYZSTAN

Year 2024, , 630 - 651, 01.09.2024

Ainura Batykova , Orhan Ercan , Tamchybek Tuleev , Ahmet Hilmi Erciyes

https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.1483727

Abstract

Understanding agricultural land dynamics is imperative for sustainable development. This research presents a comparative analysis of land fragmentation and consolidation practices in Türkiye and Kyrgyzstan. Land fragmentation, a global issue, hinders agricultural modernization due to small, scattered parcels. Factors such as inheritance laws, population pressure, and economic shifts contribute to fragmentation. Land consolidation, a solution advocated by FAO and FIG, aims to redistribute land, enhance productivity, and achieve public objectives. While Türkiye demonstrates successful land consolidation efforts, Kyrgyzstan lacks legislation and institutional capacity, impeding progress. Recommendations include tailored legislation, institutional strengthening, and international collaboration. Türkiye's experience shows significant reductions in parcel numbers and increased access to resources. Addressing fragmentation requires simultaneous consolidation and land banking initiatives. By implementing these recommendations, both countries can overcome fragmentation challenges and foster sustainable agricultural development.

Keywords

Agricultural Dynamics, Comparative Study, Land Consolidation Practices, Land Fragmentation Analysis, Policy Responses

References

• M. B. Hartvigsen, Land reform and land consolidation in Central and Eastern Europe after 1989: Experiences and perspectives. 2015.
• M. Hartvigsen, "Land reform and land fragmentation in Central and Eastern Europe," Land use policy, vol. 36, pp. 330-341, 2014.
• I. Markuszewska, "The outlook of land consolidation in Poland: Stakeholdersdilemmas and policy weaknesses," 2016.
• G. T. Alemu, Z. Berhanie Ayele, and A. Abelieneh Berhanu, "Effects of land fragmentation on productivity in Northwestern Ethiopia," Advances in Agriculture, vol. 2017, 2017.
• D. Balcı and A. S. Gün, "Toprak Yönetiminde Toprak Toplulaştırması Süreci (Land Consolidation Process in Land Management)," Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 462-469, 2024.
• O. Ercan, " Agricultural land-based functional model for effective rural land management in Türkiye," Journal of Agricultural Sciences, n.d., doi: https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1342935.
• L. Luo, C. Yang, R. Chen, and W. Liu, "Comprehensive Land Consolidation Zoning Based on Minimum Cumulative Resistance Model—A Case Study of Chongqing, Southwest China," Land, vol. 12, no. 10, p. 1935, 2023.
• B. Paudel, J. Pandit, and B. Reed, "Fragmentation and conversion of agriculture land in Nepal and Land Use Policy 2012," 2013.
• K. O. Asiama, R. Bennett, and J. Zevenbergen, "Land consolidation for Sub-Saharan Africa’s customary lands: The need for responsible approaches," American Journal of Rural Development, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 39-45, 2017.
• R. Beltramo, A. Rostagno, and A. Bonadonna, "Land consolidation associations and the management of territories in harsh Italian environments: A review," Resources, vol. 7, no. 1, p. 19, 2018.
• C. Raab and M. Spies, "Characterising cropland fragmentation in post-Soviet Central Asia, using Landsat remote-sensing time series data," Applied Geography, vol. 156, p. 102968, 2023.
• T. Veršinskas, M. Vidar, M. Hartvigsen, K. Mitic Arsova, F. Van Holst, and M. Gorgan, Land Consolidation (Legal Brief, no. 1). Rome, Italy: FAO, 2021, p. 10.
• A. Lisec, M. Louwsma, and W. Krupowicz, "Public participation," in Land Consolidation – The Fundamentals to Guide Practice. Denmark: International Federation of Surveyors (FIG), 2022, ch. 3, pp. 25-33.
• S. Li and W. Song, "Research progress in land consolidation and rural Revitalization: Current status, characteristics, regional differences, and evolution laws," Land, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 210, 2023.
• TURKSTAT. [Online]. Available: https://www.tuik.gov.tr/
• İ. Arıcı and Ş. T. Akkaya Aslan, "Arazi Toplulaştırmada Çok Amaçlı Proje Geliştirmenin Yararları ve Zorlukları," in Biyosistem Mühendisliği III, A. Atılgan, H. Değirmenci, V. Demircan, and Ç. Tanrıverdi Eds.: Akademisyen Kitabevi, 2022, pp. 9-16.
• F. T. Z. Gülsever, O. Özkan, and U. Büyükhatipoğlu, "The Land Consolidation Implementation Studies In Turkey," in Symposium on Land Consolidation and Land Readjustment for Sustainable Development, Apeldoorn, 2016: FIG, in Symposium on Land Consolidation and Land Readjustment for Sustainable Development Proceedings [Online]. Available: https://fig.net/resources/proceedings/2016/Symposium_LCLR_Apeldoorn_2016_Proceedings.pdf. [Online]. Available: https://fig.net/resources/proceedings/2016/Symposium_LCLR_Apeldoorn_2016_Proceedings.pdf
• S. Demirbaş, "Türkiye'de Arazi Toplulaştırma Çalışmaları," in III. International Conference on Real Estate Development and Management, Ankara, 2023, Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Yayınevi, 2024.
• M. Türker, "In Turkey Land Abandonment and the Combat Activities (Land Banking Services)," Santiago, 2019.
• M. Türker, "Türkiye’de Tarımsal Arazi Yönetimi ve Geleceğİ (Agricultural Land Management and its Future in Türkiye)," in III. International Conference on Real Estate Development and Management, Ankara, 2023, Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Yayınevi, 2024.
• TURKSTAT. [Online]. Available: https://www.tuik.gov.tr/
• G. Küsek, Ş. Akdemir, and I. S. Ismailla, "Land consolidation in Turkey-a multipurpose/discipline land consolidation in Turkey with ICT support 2023," Scientific Papers Series Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture & Rural Development, vol. 23, no. 2, 2023.
• M. Kvistgaard, "Pilot evaluation: Land Consolidation in Konya Region, Cumra District, villages Inli and Dinlendik (2010-2012)," Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock of Turkey & FAO., 2015. [Online]. Available: https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/reu/europe/documents/Events2015/LN7/Konya_en.pdf
• K. Akramov and N. Omuraliev, "Institutional change, rural services, and agricultural performance in Kyrgyzstan," 2009.
• Land Code of the Kyrgyz Republic, 1999.
• USAID, "Kyrgyzstan Local Development Program A Task Order Under The Segır/Gbtı Iı Iqc Fınal Report," United States Agency for International Development, 2014. [Online]. Available: https://urban-links.org/wp-content/uploads/Kyrgyzstan-%E2%80%93-Local-Economic-Development-Program.pdf
• Kırgızistan Tarım Sektörü Ülke Yatırımcı Rehberi, 2022. Online] Available: https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/ABDGM/Belgeler/Ulke%20Masalar%C4%B1/K%C4%B1rg%C4%B1zistan.pdf
• USAID, "Land Reform And Market Development Project Ii Final Report Kyrgyzstan 2008–2010," United States Agency for International Development, 2010. [Online]. Available: https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PDACR659.pdf