Year 2026,
Volume: 14 Issue: 1
,
14
-
23
,
30.04.2026
Ali Aytekin
,
Tunçar Şahan
References
-
[1] H. F. Akız, N. Alemdar, O. Mucuk, T. S¸ ahan, Coverings of internal groupoids and crossed modules in the category of groups with operations, Georgian
Math. J., 20(2) (2013), 223-238.
-
[2] N. Alemdar, S. Temel, Group-2-groupoids and 2G-crossed modules, Hacet. J. Math. Stat., 48(5) (2019), 1388-1397.
-
[3] M. Atik, A. Aytekin, E. O¨ . Uslu, Representability of actions in the category of (pre)crossed modules in Leibniz algebras, Comm. Algebra, 45(5) (2017),
1825-1841.
-
[4] A. Aytekin, J. M. Casas, E. O¨ . Uslu, Semi-complete crossed modules of Lie algebras, J. Algebra Appl., 11(5) (2012), 1250096.
-
[5] J. C. Baez, A. S. Crans, Higher-dimensional algebra VI: Lie 2-algebras, Theory Appl. Categ., 12 (2004), 492-528.
-
[6] F. Borceux, G. Janelidze, G. M. Kelly, Internal object actions, Comment. Math. Univ. Carolin., 46(2) (2005), 235-255.
-
[7] F. Borceux, G. Janelidze, G. M. Kelly, On the representability of actions in a semi-abelian category, Theory Appl. Categ., 14(11) (2005), 244-286.
-
[8] Y. Boyacı, J. M. Casas, T. Datuashvili, E. O¨ . Uslu, Actions in modified categories of interest with application to crossed modules, Theory Appl. Categ.,
30(25) (2015), 882-908.
-
[9] R. Brown, Topology and Groupoids, BookSurge LLC, North Carolina 2006.
-
[10] R. Brown, C. B. Spencer, G-groupoids, crossed modules and the fundamental groupoid of a topological group, Indagat. Math., 79(4) (1976), 296-302.
-
[11] J. M. Casas, T. Datuashvili, M. Ladra, Actors in categories of interest, arXiv:math/0702574v2, 2007.
-
[12] J. M. Casas, T. Datuashvili, M. Ladra, Actor of a precrossed module, Comm. Algebra, 37 (2009), 4516-4541.
-
[13] J. M. Casas, T. Datuashvili, M. Ladra, Universal strict general actors and actors in categories of interest, Appl. Categ. Struct., 18 (2010), 85-114.
-
[14] T. Datuashvili, T. S¸ ahan, Actions and semi-direct products in categories of groups with action, Hacet. J. Math. Stat., 52(1) (2023), 103-113.
-
[15] T. Datuashvili, T. S¸ ahan, Pentactions and action representability in the category of reduced groups with action, Georgian Math. J., 30(2) (2023), 51-60.
-
[16] N. D. Gilbert, Derivations, automorphisms and crossed modules, Comm. Algebra, 18 (1990), 2703-2734.
-
[17] M. Hall, The Theory of Groups, AMS Chelsea Publishing, New York 1976.
-
[18] S. A. Huq, Commutator, nilpotency, and solvability in categories, Quart. J. Math. Oxford, 19(1) (1968), 363-389.
-
[19] S. Kasangian, S. Mantovani, G. Metere, E. M. Vitale, External derivations of internal groupoids, J. Pure Appl. Algebra, 212 (2008), 175-192.
-
[20] A. Kurosh, The Theory of Groups, AMS Chelsea Publishing, New York 1960.
-
[21] J.-L. Loday, Spaces with finitely many non-trivial homotopy groups, J. Pure Appl. Algebra, 24(2) (1982), 179-202.
-
[22] A. S. T. Lue, Semi-complete crossed modules and holomorphs of groups, Bull. London Math. Soc., 11(1) (1979), 8-16.
-
[23] O. Mucuk, F. Akız, Monodromy groupoid of an internal groupoid in topological groups with operations, Filomat, 29(10) (2015), 2355-2366.
-
[24] O. Mucuk, T. S¸ ahan, Coverings groupoids of categorical groups, Hacet. J. Math. Stat., 42(4) (2013), 419-430.
-
[25] O. Mucuk, T. S¸ ahan, Coverings and crossed modules of topological groups with operations, Turk. J. Math., 38(5) (2014), 833-845.
-
[26] O. Mucuk, B. Kılıc¸arslan, T. S¸ ahan, N. Alemdar, Group-groupoids and monodromy groupoids, Topol. Appl., 158(15) (2011), 2034-2042.
-
[27] O. Mucuk, T. S¸ ahan, Group-groupoid actions and liftings of crossed modules, Georgian Math. J., 26(3) (2019), 437-447.
-
[28] O. Mucuk, T. S¸ ahan, N. Alemdar, Normality and quotients in crossed modules and group-groupoids, Appl. Categ. Struct., 23(3) (2015), 415-428.
-
[29] K. J. Norrie, Actions and automorphisms of crossed modules, Bull. Soc. Math. Fr., 118(2) (1990), 129-146.
-
[30] T. Porter, Extensions, crossed modules and internal categories in categories of groups with operations, Proc. Edinburgh Math. Soc., 30(3) (1987),
373-381.
-
[31] T. S¸ ahan, Further remarks on liftings of crossed modules, Hacet. J. Math. Stat., 48(3) (2019), 743-752.
-
[32] W. Scott, Group Theory, Dover Publications, New York 1964.
-
[33] S. Temel, Crossed semimodules and cat1-monoids, Korean J. Math., 27(2) (2019), 535-545.
-
[34] S. Temel, Crossed squares, crossed modules over groupoids and cat12-groupoids, Categ. Gen. Algebr. Struct. Appl., 13(1) (2020), 125-142.
-
[35] S. Temel, Further remarks on group-2-groupoids, Appl. Gen. Topol., 22(1) (2021), 31-46.
-
[36] S. Temel, The theory of cat2-groups among higher categorical models, AIMS Mathematics, 11(3) (2026), 6141-6161.
-
[37] S. Temel, T. S¸ ahan, O. Mucuk, Crossed modules, double group-groupoids and crossed squares, Filomat, 34(6) (2020), 1755-1769.
-
[38] J. H. C. Whitehead, On operators in relative homotopy groups, Ann. Math., 49(3) (1948), 610-640.
-
[39] J. H. C. Whitehead, Combinatorial homotopy II, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc., 55(5) (1949), 453-496.
Centers, Commutators, and Holomorphs of 2-Groups
Year 2026,
Volume: 14 Issue: 1
,
14
-
23
,
30.04.2026
Ali Aytekin
,
Tunçar Şahan
Abstract
This paper explores actor structures in group-groupoids, using the Brown-Spencer theorem to establish actors as universal objects and split extension classifiers. We construct the center and commutator subgroup of a group-groupoid, revealing their roles in internal symmetries, and introduce the holomorph as a categorical generalization of the classical holomorph of a group. These results extend group-theoretic concepts to 2-groups, bridging algebra and topology. By connecting actor theory with split extensions and intrinsic algebraic properties, we provide new tools for analyzing symmetries and automorphisms in higher-dimensional algebraic structures.
References
-
[1] H. F. Akız, N. Alemdar, O. Mucuk, T. S¸ ahan, Coverings of internal groupoids and crossed modules in the category of groups with operations, Georgian
Math. J., 20(2) (2013), 223-238.
-
[2] N. Alemdar, S. Temel, Group-2-groupoids and 2G-crossed modules, Hacet. J. Math. Stat., 48(5) (2019), 1388-1397.
-
[3] M. Atik, A. Aytekin, E. O¨ . Uslu, Representability of actions in the category of (pre)crossed modules in Leibniz algebras, Comm. Algebra, 45(5) (2017),
1825-1841.
-
[4] A. Aytekin, J. M. Casas, E. O¨ . Uslu, Semi-complete crossed modules of Lie algebras, J. Algebra Appl., 11(5) (2012), 1250096.
-
[5] J. C. Baez, A. S. Crans, Higher-dimensional algebra VI: Lie 2-algebras, Theory Appl. Categ., 12 (2004), 492-528.
-
[6] F. Borceux, G. Janelidze, G. M. Kelly, Internal object actions, Comment. Math. Univ. Carolin., 46(2) (2005), 235-255.
-
[7] F. Borceux, G. Janelidze, G. M. Kelly, On the representability of actions in a semi-abelian category, Theory Appl. Categ., 14(11) (2005), 244-286.
-
[8] Y. Boyacı, J. M. Casas, T. Datuashvili, E. O¨ . Uslu, Actions in modified categories of interest with application to crossed modules, Theory Appl. Categ.,
30(25) (2015), 882-908.
-
[9] R. Brown, Topology and Groupoids, BookSurge LLC, North Carolina 2006.
-
[10] R. Brown, C. B. Spencer, G-groupoids, crossed modules and the fundamental groupoid of a topological group, Indagat. Math., 79(4) (1976), 296-302.
-
[11] J. M. Casas, T. Datuashvili, M. Ladra, Actors in categories of interest, arXiv:math/0702574v2, 2007.
-
[12] J. M. Casas, T. Datuashvili, M. Ladra, Actor of a precrossed module, Comm. Algebra, 37 (2009), 4516-4541.
-
[13] J. M. Casas, T. Datuashvili, M. Ladra, Universal strict general actors and actors in categories of interest, Appl. Categ. Struct., 18 (2010), 85-114.
-
[14] T. Datuashvili, T. S¸ ahan, Actions and semi-direct products in categories of groups with action, Hacet. J. Math. Stat., 52(1) (2023), 103-113.
-
[15] T. Datuashvili, T. S¸ ahan, Pentactions and action representability in the category of reduced groups with action, Georgian Math. J., 30(2) (2023), 51-60.
-
[16] N. D. Gilbert, Derivations, automorphisms and crossed modules, Comm. Algebra, 18 (1990), 2703-2734.
-
[17] M. Hall, The Theory of Groups, AMS Chelsea Publishing, New York 1976.
-
[18] S. A. Huq, Commutator, nilpotency, and solvability in categories, Quart. J. Math. Oxford, 19(1) (1968), 363-389.
-
[19] S. Kasangian, S. Mantovani, G. Metere, E. M. Vitale, External derivations of internal groupoids, J. Pure Appl. Algebra, 212 (2008), 175-192.
-
[20] A. Kurosh, The Theory of Groups, AMS Chelsea Publishing, New York 1960.
-
[21] J.-L. Loday, Spaces with finitely many non-trivial homotopy groups, J. Pure Appl. Algebra, 24(2) (1982), 179-202.
-
[22] A. S. T. Lue, Semi-complete crossed modules and holomorphs of groups, Bull. London Math. Soc., 11(1) (1979), 8-16.
-
[23] O. Mucuk, F. Akız, Monodromy groupoid of an internal groupoid in topological groups with operations, Filomat, 29(10) (2015), 2355-2366.
-
[24] O. Mucuk, T. S¸ ahan, Coverings groupoids of categorical groups, Hacet. J. Math. Stat., 42(4) (2013), 419-430.
-
[25] O. Mucuk, T. S¸ ahan, Coverings and crossed modules of topological groups with operations, Turk. J. Math., 38(5) (2014), 833-845.
-
[26] O. Mucuk, B. Kılıc¸arslan, T. S¸ ahan, N. Alemdar, Group-groupoids and monodromy groupoids, Topol. Appl., 158(15) (2011), 2034-2042.
-
[27] O. Mucuk, T. S¸ ahan, Group-groupoid actions and liftings of crossed modules, Georgian Math. J., 26(3) (2019), 437-447.
-
[28] O. Mucuk, T. S¸ ahan, N. Alemdar, Normality and quotients in crossed modules and group-groupoids, Appl. Categ. Struct., 23(3) (2015), 415-428.
-
[29] K. J. Norrie, Actions and automorphisms of crossed modules, Bull. Soc. Math. Fr., 118(2) (1990), 129-146.
-
[30] T. Porter, Extensions, crossed modules and internal categories in categories of groups with operations, Proc. Edinburgh Math. Soc., 30(3) (1987),
373-381.
-
[31] T. S¸ ahan, Further remarks on liftings of crossed modules, Hacet. J. Math. Stat., 48(3) (2019), 743-752.
-
[32] W. Scott, Group Theory, Dover Publications, New York 1964.
-
[33] S. Temel, Crossed semimodules and cat1-monoids, Korean J. Math., 27(2) (2019), 535-545.
-
[34] S. Temel, Crossed squares, crossed modules over groupoids and cat12-groupoids, Categ. Gen. Algebr. Struct. Appl., 13(1) (2020), 125-142.
-
[35] S. Temel, Further remarks on group-2-groupoids, Appl. Gen. Topol., 22(1) (2021), 31-46.
-
[36] S. Temel, The theory of cat2-groups among higher categorical models, AIMS Mathematics, 11(3) (2026), 6141-6161.
-
[37] S. Temel, T. S¸ ahan, O. Mucuk, Crossed modules, double group-groupoids and crossed squares, Filomat, 34(6) (2020), 1755-1769.
-
[38] J. H. C. Whitehead, On operators in relative homotopy groups, Ann. Math., 49(3) (1948), 610-640.
-
[39] J. H. C. Whitehead, Combinatorial homotopy II, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc., 55(5) (1949), 453-496.