“Birkaç Dakika İçinde İyi Olacağım”: Franz Kafka’nın Dönüşüm Eserinde Yabancılaşma, İzolasyon ve Aile Dinamikleri

Öz

Kafka'nın Dönüşüm adlı eseri, modern çağda iş yerinde yabancılaşma, kentsel izolasyon ve aile dinamikleri gibi temaları etkili bir şekilde araştırır; modern hayatın koşullarını eleştirmek için retorik sorular, betimlemeler ve paralellik gibi çeşitli edebi araç ve teknikleri kullanır. Bu yaklaşım, 20. yüzyıl toplumunun metni nasıl karşıladığını etkilemiştir. Bu argüman, tarihsel bağlam, birincil metinlerin edebi analizi, birincil metinlerin karşılaştırmalı analizi, kültürel değerlerin incelenmesi, sosyoekonomik analiz ve yabancılaşma ile kimlik gibi temaların incelenmesi yoluyla desteklenmiştir. Dönüşüm’ün tarihsel bağlamını ve kültürel değerlerini incelediğimizde, onun bugünkü toplumdaki bu sorunları anlamamıza nasıl yardımcı olduğunu görürüz. Bu analiz önemlidir çünkü değişim yabancılaşmaya yol açabilir, ancak bireyler bunun mutluluk ve başarılarını nasıl etkileyeceğini seçebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yabancılaşma
• İzolasyon
• Aile Dinamikleri
• Metamorfoz
• Alman Edebiyatı

“I’ll Be All Right in a Few Moments”: Alienation, Isolation, and Family Dynamics in Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis

Abstract

Kafka's The Metamorphosis effectively explores themes of workplace alienation, urban isolation, and family dynamics within the Modern era, employing a range of literary devices and techniques, such as rhetorical questioning, imagery, and parallelism, to critique the conditions of modern life. This approach impacted how 20th-century society received the text. This argument is substantiated through historical context, literary analysis of primary texts, comparative analysis of primary texts, examination of cultural values, socioeconomic analysis, and exploration of themes such as alienation and identity. By examining The Metamorphosis’s historical context and cultural values, we see how it helps us understand these issues in today’s society. This analysis is important because change can lead to alienation, but individuals can choose how it affects their happiness and success.

Keywords

• Alienation
• Isolation
• Family Dynamics
• Metamorphosis
• German Literature

References

1. Abbasian, C. (2007). The Metamorphosis. British Medical Journal, 335(7609), 45-49. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39262.746100.94. Accessed 7 Sept. 2025.
2. Basumatary, J. (2024). Reinterpretating Kafka’s 'The Metamorphosis' in the context of modern-day societal issues. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 12(7), 299-304. https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2407604.pdf. Accessed 4 Sept. 2025.
3. Brandt, L., Liu, S., Heim, C., & Heinz, A. (2022). The effects of social isolation, stress, and discrimination on mental health. Translational Psychiatry, 12(1), 1-11. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9490697/. Accessed 27 Sept. 2025.
4. Camus, A. (n.d.). The myth of sisyphus. Dbanach, https://dbanach.com/sisyphus.htm. Accessed 21 Sept. 2025. Capozzola, C., Huebner, A., Irwin, J., Keene, J. D., Kennedy, R., Neilberg, M., Ortiz, S. R., Williams, C., & Winter, J. (2015). Interchange: World War I. The Journal of American History, 102(2), 463–499. http://www.jstor.org/stable/44286820. Accessed 23 Sept. 2025.
5. Cebula, A. (2020). The legacy and consequences of World War I. Journal of Military Ethics, 19(2), 118-120. https://doi.org/10.1080/15027570.2020.1796311. Accessed 23 Sept. 2025.
6. Chandrashekhar, B., & Maharshi, S. G. (2021). Exploring the causes and consequences of World War I. International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, 8(2), 337-341. https://ijrar.org/papers/IJRAR21B2521.pdf. Accessed 23 Sept. 2025.
7. Chifor, M. (2023). Modernism-context and overlooked literary manifestations. The Creative Launcher, 8(4), 61-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2023.8.4.07. Accessed 7 Sept. 2025.
8. Christoff, K. (2014). Dehumanization in organizational settings: Some scientific and ethical considerations. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8, 1-5. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4173804/. Accessed 1 Oct. 2025.

9. Esslin, M. (1960). The theatre of the absurd. The Tulane Drama Review, 4(4), 3-15. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1124873. Accessed 1 Oct. 2025.
10. Ford, J. D., Grasso, D. J., Elhai, J. D., & Courtois, C. A. (2015). Social, cultural, and other diversity issues in the traumatic stress field. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, 503-546. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7149881/. Accessed 1 Oct. 2025.
11. Habib, M. M., Alqaryouti, M. H., Alruzzi, K. A., Sadeq, A. E., Hammad, M. M., & Nureldeen, W. (2024). The history and concept of Modernism. In A. M. A. Musleh Al-Sartawi, A. S. Aydiner, & M. Kanan (Eds.), Business Analytical Capabilities and Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Analytics: Applications and Challenges in the Digital Era, Volume 1 (pp. 355-362). Springer Nature Link. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56015-6_28. Accessed 22 December 2025.
12. Hasan, M. (2016). The rise of Modernism: A new western history of Modernism. Kirkuk University Journal, 11(1), 1-42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32894/1911-011-001-012. Accessed 21 Sept. 2023.
13. Hasnain, M., Qadar, M., & Mubashir, M. (2023). Modernistic perspective on Kafka’s Metamorphosis. Global Social Sciences Review, VIII(III), 43-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2023(VIII-III).05. Accessed 21 Sept. 2025.
14. Kafka, F. (2024). The Metamorphosis. In M. Puchner, S. Akbari, W. Denecke, B. Fuchs, C. Levine, P. Lewis, & E. Wilson (Eds.), The Norton Anthology of World Literature (pp. 246-279). W. W. Norton & Company.
15. Kaur, M., & Singh, P. (2024). Metamorphosis: A psychological exploration of identity and isolation. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 30(5), 12332-12336. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/kuey.v30i5.5129. Accessed 21 Sept. 2025.
16. Konda, A. (2019). When women build a war: Women in the workplace during World War I and World War II. Proceedings of The National Conference on Undergraduate Research, 468-476. https://libjournals.unca.edu/ncur/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/2844-Konda-Amelia-FINALa.pdf. Accessed 23 Sept. 2025.
17. Kumar, R. (2025). A detailed study of the Modernist literature. International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research, 7(1), 1-17. https://www.ijfmr.com/papers/2025/1/34900.pdf. Accessed 4 Sept. 2025.
18. Madhok, A. (2021). Globalization, de-globalization, and re-globalization: Some historical context and the impact of the COVID pandemic. Business Research Quarterly, 24(3), 199-203. https://doi.org/10.1177/23409444211008904. Accessed 22 December 2025.
19. Magomedova, A., & Fatima, G. (2025). Mental health and well-being in the modern era: A comprehensive review of challenges and interventions. Cureus, 17(1), 1-16. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11836072/. Accessed 1 Oct. 2025.
20. Moskalyuk, M., & Serikova, T. (2020). The work of modern art: In search for the new meanings. KnE Social Sciences, 43-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kss.v4i11.7528. Accessed 7 Sept. 2025.
21. Na, P. J., Schnurr, P. P., & Pietrzak, R. H. (2023). Mental health of U.S. combat veterans by war era: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 158, 36-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.12.019. Accessed 23 Sept. 2025.
22. O’Donnell, S. (2016). The Czech-Slovak struggle for independence, 1914-1920, by Brent Mueggenberg. The English Historical Review, 131(553), 1567-1569. https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cew328. Accessed 23 Sept. 2025.
23. Pamerleau, W. C. (2009). Existentialism: An overview of important themes and figures. Existentialist Cinema (pp. 11-34). Springer Nature Link. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230235465_2. Accessed 22 December 2025.
24. Politzer, H. (1960). Franz Kafka and Albert Camus: Parables for our time. Chicago Review, 14(1), 47-67. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25733552. Accessed 21 Sept. 2025.
25. Raosaheb, M. V. (2016). Existentialism: A philosophical standpoint to existence over essence. The South Asian Academic Research Chronicle, 3(1), 13-20. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/310264700_Existentialism_A_philosophic_stand_point_to_existence_over_essence.
26. Redding, K. A. (2018). Social costs of war. In U. Daniel, P. Gatrell, O. Janz, H. Jones, J. Keene, A. Kramer, & B. Nasson (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of the First World War (pp. 1-22). Freie Universität Berlin. https://dx.doi.org/10.15463/ie1418.11299. Accessed 23 Sept. 2025.
27. Reiss, T. J. (1982). On method, discursive logics, and epistemology. The Discourse of Modernism, 21-54. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7591/j.ctt207g6cc.5. Accessed 21 Sept. 2025.
28. Simon, A. (2018). A critical analysis of Franz Kafka’s novella The Metamorphosis. IUSB Graduate Research Journal, 5, 3-15. https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/iusbgrj/article/view/29312. Accessed 24 Sept. 2025.
29. Singh, Y., & Saeil, M. F. (2024). Depiction of alienation effects and existential approach in Kafka’s The Metamorphosis. International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 5(7), 2037-2040. https://ijrpr.com/uploads/V5ISSUE7/IJRPR31475.pdf. Accessed 24 Sept. 2025.
30. Sumbas, E. (2024). Psychoanalysis: Theoretical foundations, historical context, and current debates. International Journal of School and Cognitive Psychology, 11(8), 1-2. https://www.longdom.org/open-access-pdfs/psychoanalysis-theoretical-foundations-historical-context-and-current-debates.pdf. Accessed 24 Sept. 2025.
31. Sweeney, K. W. (1990). Competing theories of identity in Kafka’s ‘The Metamorphosis.’” Mosaic: An Interdisciplinary Critical Journal, 23(4), 23-35. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24780543. Accessed 24 Sept. 2025.
32. Williamson Jr., S. R. (1988). The origins of World War I. The Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 18(4), 795-818. https://www.jstor.org/stable/204825. Accessed 23 Sept. 2025.