Hukuki Yönden Akıllı Sözleşme (Smart Contract) Kavramı

Abstract

Teknolojik gelişmeler, gittikçe önem kazanan yeni hukuki kavramların da önünü açmaktadır. Günlük hayatta, Özel Hukuk alanında en çok gerçekleştirilen hukuki işlem türü sözleşmelerdir. Bu özelliği itibarıyla, söz konusu teknolojik gelişmeler, Sözleşme Hukuku alanında üzerinde büyük ve hızlı bir etkiye sahip olmaktadır. Akıllı sözleşme (smart contract) kavramı da teknolojik gelişmelerin, Sözleşme Hukuku alanına getirdiği son gelişmelerden biridir. Esasen, akıllı sözleşme kavramı, adının uyandırdığı izlenimin aksine, yeni bir sözleşme türü olmayıp; sözleşmeden doğan borçların ifası bakımından önemli çözümler getiren bir kavramdır. Çalışmamızda, akıllı sözleşme kavramının tanımı yapıldıktan sonra, akıllı sözleşmenin teknik altyapısı ile ilgili temel bilgiler verilecek ve akıllı sözleşme sürecindeki işlemler hukuki yönden nitelendirilecek ve akıllı sözleşmenin avantajları ve dezavantajları ortaya konulacaktır. Ayrıca akıllı sözleşmelerin hukuki yönden sağlayacağı kolaylıklar ile uygulamada ortaya çıkabilecek olası sorunlar da tartışılacaktır.

Keywords

• Akıllı sözleşmeler,sözleşme hukuku,teknoloji ve hukuk

Concept of Smart Contracts – A Legal Perspective1

Abstract

Technological advances pave the way for new legal concepts with increasingly high importance. Contracts are the most conducted legal transactions in daily life. Thus, technological advances have a great and fast effect in field of Contract Law. Concept of smart contract is one of the latest developments of Contract Law that is introduced by technological advances. Smart contract is not a type of contract, contrary to the impression based on term, but it is a new concept bringing important solutions to legal enforcement of contractual obligations. In our article, a definition of smart contract concept is given at first, then basic information about technical infrastructure of smart contracts shall be discussed briefly, while transactions carried out in process of smart contracts along with advantages and disadvantages brought by smart contracts are analyzed. Furthermore, legal advantages that will be brought by smart contracts and possible legal problems are also discussed.

Keywords

• Smart contracts,contract law,technology & law

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