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Geçmiş ve Şimdi, Sürgün ve Ütopya: Oscar Wilde'ın Şiirlerinde Nostalji Teması

Year 2020, Issue: 40, 1 - 16, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.35343/kosbed.748283

Abstract

Kelime anlamı “eve dönüş acısı” olarak açıklanan nostalji, daha geniş bir çerçevede geçmişe duyulan özlem anlamıyla da kullanılır. Asla geri getirilemeyecek olan geçmiş yaşantı beraberinde keder duygusunu getirir. Geçmiş yaşantıya saplanan kişiler şimdiki zamanda mutlu olamazlar, dolayısıyla yaşantıları sürgüne dönüşür, geçmiş ise ütopyaya. Geçmiş ve şimdiki zaman arasında sıkışıp kalan kişiler kimlik bunalımı ve varoluş sancısı gibi sorunlarla baş etmek zorunda kalırlar. Benzer izlekleri, Fransa’da üç yılını sürgünde geçiren Oscar Wilde (1854-1900)’ın şiirlerinde görmek mümkündür. Viktorya döneminin ekonomik ve sosyal sıkıntılarla karşılaştığı bir dönemde Wilde toplumsal ve kültürel yapıyı eleştirmiş, antik Yunan ve Roma uygarlıklarını ise yüceltmiştir. Şairin işaret ettiği ideal dünya aynı zamanda sürgün temasının altını çizer. Bu çalışmada “Verona’da,” “Yeni Bir Helen,” “Panthea,” ve “Eros’un Bahçesi” şiirlerindeki nostalji izleğinin, sürgün ve ütopya temalarıyla nasıl bağlantılı olduğu incelenecektir.

References

  • Arata, S. (1990). “The occidental tourist: “Dracula” and the anxiety of reverse colonization.” Victorian studies, 33(4): 621-645.
  • Baker, J.V. (1950). “The lark in English poetry.” Prairie schooner. 24(1): 70-79.
  • Cassin, B. (2018). Nostalji: İnsan ne zaman evindedir? Odysseus, Aeneas, Arendt. (Çev. Seçil Kıvrak). Istanbul: Kolektif Kitap.
  • Evans, I. (1966). English poetry in the later nineteenth century. London: Methuen.
  • Fodor, N. (1950). “Varieties of nostalgia.” Psychoanalytic review, 37: 25-38.
  • Harris, F. (1938). Oscar Wilde. London: Constable & Co.
  • Highet, G. (1949) The classical tradition: Greek and Roman influences on Western literature. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Jackson, H. (1922). The eighteen nineties: A review of art and ideas at the close of the nineteenth century. London: Grant Richards.
  • McCann, W. (1941). “Nostalgia: A review of the literature.” Psychological bulletin, 38: 165-182.
  • Panofsky, E. (1955). Meaning in the visual arts: Papers in and on art history. Garden City: Doubleday.
  • Peters, R. (1985). “Reflections on the origin and aim of nostalgia.” Journal of analytical psychology, 30: 135-148.
  • Routledge, C. (2016). Nostalgia: A psychological resource. New York: Routledge.
  • Routledge, C., Arndt, J., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Hart, C. M., Juhl, J., . . . Schlotz, W. (2011). “The past makes the present meaningful: Nostalgia as existential resource.” Journal of personality and social psychology, 101: 638 – 652.
  • Said, Edward. (2006). “Kış ruhu.” Kış ruhu Edward W. Said’den seçme yazılar. (Çev. Tuncay Birkan). İstanbul: Metis yayınları. 28-42
  • Sedikides, C., Wildschut, T., Arndt, J., & Routledge, C. (2008). Current directions in psychological science, 17: 304 – 307.
  • Slinn, E. W. (2014). “Poetry.” A new companion to Victorian literature and culture. (Herbert F. Tucker, Ed.). West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell, 333-348.
  • Steinwand, J. (1997). “The future of nostalgia in Friedrich Schlegel’s gender theory: Casting German aesthetics beyond ancient Greece and modern Europe.” Narratives of nostalgia, gender and nationalism, (Jean Pickering and Suzanne Kehde, Ed.) London: Macmillan Press.
  • Tennyson, A. L. (1985). Tennyson: Selected poetry. (Jenni Calder, Ed.). London: Penguin Books.
  • Verplanken, B. (2012). “When bittersweet turns sour: Adverse effects of nostalgia on habitual worriers.” European journal of social psychology. 42: 285 – 289
  • Wilde, O. (1915). The soul of man under socialism. New York: Max N. Maisel.
  • Wilde, O. (1962). The letters of Oscar Wilde. (Rupert Hart-Davis, Ed.). New York: Harcourt, Brace & World.
  • Wilde, O. (2009). Complete poetry. (Isobel Murray, Ed.). New York: Oxford UP.
  • Wordsworth, W. (1858). The poems of William Wordsworth: A new edition. London: Edward Moxon.
Year 2020, Issue: 40, 1 - 16, 31.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.35343/kosbed.748283

Abstract

References

  • Arata, S. (1990). “The occidental tourist: “Dracula” and the anxiety of reverse colonization.” Victorian studies, 33(4): 621-645.
  • Baker, J.V. (1950). “The lark in English poetry.” Prairie schooner. 24(1): 70-79.
  • Cassin, B. (2018). Nostalji: İnsan ne zaman evindedir? Odysseus, Aeneas, Arendt. (Çev. Seçil Kıvrak). Istanbul: Kolektif Kitap.
  • Evans, I. (1966). English poetry in the later nineteenth century. London: Methuen.
  • Fodor, N. (1950). “Varieties of nostalgia.” Psychoanalytic review, 37: 25-38.
  • Harris, F. (1938). Oscar Wilde. London: Constable & Co.
  • Highet, G. (1949) The classical tradition: Greek and Roman influences on Western literature. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Jackson, H. (1922). The eighteen nineties: A review of art and ideas at the close of the nineteenth century. London: Grant Richards.
  • McCann, W. (1941). “Nostalgia: A review of the literature.” Psychological bulletin, 38: 165-182.
  • Panofsky, E. (1955). Meaning in the visual arts: Papers in and on art history. Garden City: Doubleday.
  • Peters, R. (1985). “Reflections on the origin and aim of nostalgia.” Journal of analytical psychology, 30: 135-148.
  • Routledge, C. (2016). Nostalgia: A psychological resource. New York: Routledge.
  • Routledge, C., Arndt, J., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Hart, C. M., Juhl, J., . . . Schlotz, W. (2011). “The past makes the present meaningful: Nostalgia as existential resource.” Journal of personality and social psychology, 101: 638 – 652.
  • Said, Edward. (2006). “Kış ruhu.” Kış ruhu Edward W. Said’den seçme yazılar. (Çev. Tuncay Birkan). İstanbul: Metis yayınları. 28-42
  • Sedikides, C., Wildschut, T., Arndt, J., & Routledge, C. (2008). Current directions in psychological science, 17: 304 – 307.
  • Slinn, E. W. (2014). “Poetry.” A new companion to Victorian literature and culture. (Herbert F. Tucker, Ed.). West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell, 333-348.
  • Steinwand, J. (1997). “The future of nostalgia in Friedrich Schlegel’s gender theory: Casting German aesthetics beyond ancient Greece and modern Europe.” Narratives of nostalgia, gender and nationalism, (Jean Pickering and Suzanne Kehde, Ed.) London: Macmillan Press.
  • Tennyson, A. L. (1985). Tennyson: Selected poetry. (Jenni Calder, Ed.). London: Penguin Books.
  • Verplanken, B. (2012). “When bittersweet turns sour: Adverse effects of nostalgia on habitual worriers.” European journal of social psychology. 42: 285 – 289
  • Wilde, O. (1915). The soul of man under socialism. New York: Max N. Maisel.
  • Wilde, O. (1962). The letters of Oscar Wilde. (Rupert Hart-Davis, Ed.). New York: Harcourt, Brace & World.
  • Wilde, O. (2009). Complete poetry. (Isobel Murray, Ed.). New York: Oxford UP.
  • Wordsworth, W. (1858). The poems of William Wordsworth: A new edition. London: Edward Moxon.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Creative Arts and Writing
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Emre Çakar 0000-0003-2288-9261

Publication Date December 31, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Issue: 40

Cite

APA Çakar, E. (2020). Geçmiş ve Şimdi, Sürgün ve Ütopya: Oscar Wilde’ın Şiirlerinde Nostalji Teması. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(40), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.35343/kosbed.748283

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