İşverenlerin Z Kuşağı’nın İstihdamına İlişkin Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 20 - 39, 25.06.2025

Hazel Duru , Muhammed Muzaffer Özhan , Salih Çepni

https://doi.org/10.58501/kpdd.1650385

Öz

Z Kuşağı’nın iş yaşamına girmesi son yıllara rast gelmektedir. Son dönemde iş dünyasında meydana gelen değişiklikler Z Kuşağı’nın istihdamı sürecinde işverenlerin beklentilerini etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, açık uçlu soru formları yoluyla işverenlerin Z Kuşağı’nın istihdamına ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemektir. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formlarıyla Bursa ilinde farklı sektörlerde istihdam sağlayan 15 işverenle yüz yüze görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Betimsel analiz yoluyla yapılan veri analizi sonucunda işverenlerin Z Kuşağı’nın istihdamında mesleki yeterliliklere ve becerilere dikkat ettiği, bunun yanında önceki kuşaklardan farklı olarak aidiyet hissinin eksikliğinin önemli bir sorun olarak algıladığı görülmüştür. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular literatür ışığında tartışılmış ve öneriler sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İşverenler , Z Kuşağı , iş dünyası , istihdam süreci

Teşekkür

Araştırmanın yürütülmesinde iş birliği sağlayan Bursa Organize Sanayi Bölgesi Sanayicileri ve İş İnsanları Derneği'ne (BOSİAD) teşekkürler.

Kaynakça

• Adıgüzel, O., Batur, H. Z., & Ekşili, N. (2014). Kuşaklarin değişen yüzü ve y kuşağı ile ortaya çıkan yeni çalışma tarzı: Mobil yakalılar. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (19), 165-182.
• Alay Demirel, B. & Yıldız Bağdoğan, S. (2023). İş yaşamında kuşaklar ve motivasyon farklılıkları. Bursa Uludağ Journal of Economy and Society, 42(2), 129-141.
• Bencsik, A., Horváth-Csikós, G., & Juhász, T. (2016). Y and Z Generations at Workplaces. Journal of competitiveness, 8(3), 90-106. https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2016.03.06
• Berkup, S. B. (2014). Working with generations X and Y in generation Z period: Management of different generations in business life. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(19), 218-229. http://dx.doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n19p218
• Bilginoğlu, E., & Yozgat, U. (2023). Retaining employees through organizational social climate, sense of belonging and workplace friendship: A research in the financial sector. Istanbul Business Research, 52(1), 67-85. http://dx.doi.org/10.26650/ibr.2023.52.806695
• Bucovețchi, O., Slușariuc, G. C., & Činčalová, S. (2019). Generation Z–Key factor for organizational innovation. Quality-access to success, 20(3), 25-30.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., Demirel, F. (2012). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (2. Baskı). Pegem Akademi.
• Chaney, D., Touzani, M., & Ben Slimane, K. (2017). Marketing to the (new) generations: summary and perspectives. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 25(3), 179-189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2017.1291173
• Chen, L., Su, Z. X., & Wang, G. (2023). What does democratic management do in Chinese
• Clarke, M. (2018). Rethinking graduate employability: The role of capital, individual attributes and context. Studies in Higher Education, 43(11), 1923-1937. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2017.1294152
• Coutinho, M. T., Dam, U. C., & Blustein, D. L. (2008). The psychology of working and globalisation: A new perspective for a new era. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 8, 5-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10775-007-9132-6
• Çaşın, S., & Sahin, M. (2023). İşyerinde z kuşağını anlamak ve yönetmek. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (58), 227-
• Ekiz, D. (2009). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri: Yaklaşım, yöntem ve teknikler. Anı Yayıncılık.
• European Commission. (2016, Jun 06). Communication From The Commission To The
• Gabrielova, K., & Buchko, A. A. (2021). Here comes Generation Z: Millennials as managers. Business horizons, 64(4), 489-499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2021.02.013
• Garg, P., Rastogi, R., & Paul, H. (2014). Does perception of justice effect psychological well-being of employees?, International Journal of Society Systems Science, 6(3), 264-284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJSSS.2014.065215
• Goh, E., & Okumus, F. (2020). Avoiding the hospitality workforce bubble: Strategies to attract and retain generation Z talent in the hospitality workforce. Tourism Management
• Graczyk-Kucharska, M., & Erickson, G. S. (2020). A person-organization fit model of Generation Z: Preliminary studies. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 16(4), 149-176. http://dx.doi.org/10.7341/20201645
• Güleç Bekman, Ö., & Gündüz, Ş. (2022). Yöneticilerin z kuşağından beklentileri ve z kuşağının iş yaşamı beklentileri.  Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 18(2), 649-682.
• Hilton, S. K., Arkorful, H., & Martins, A. (2021). Democratic leadership and organizational performance: the moderating effect of contingent reward. Management Research Review, 44(7), 1042-1058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MRR-04-2020-0237
• Hodges, D., & Burchell, N. (2003). Business graduate competencies: Employers’ views on importance and performance. Asia Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education, 4(2), 16-22.
• Hope, J. (2016). Get your campus ready for Generation Z. Student Affairs Today, 19(7), 1-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tsr.30216
• Horný, P., & Ďurina, J. (2014). Prenositeľné kompetencie absolventov slovenských vysokých
• Janková, M. (2015). Zamestnávateľský prieskum. (Employee survey). CVTI SR
• Ju, S., Zhang, D., & Pacha, J. (2012). Employability skills valued by employers as important for entry-level employees with and without disabilities. Career Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals, 35(1), 29-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0885728811419167
• Kubátová, J. (2016). Work-related attitudes of Czech generation Z: International comparison. Central European Business Review, 5(4), 61-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18267/j.cebr.167
• Letovancová, Eva, and Elena Lisá. 2008. Professional orientation of university students and comparing them with requirements of vocational positions in labour market in Bratislava. In Kairos. Edited by Bernd Glazinski and Josef Kramer. Cologne: Verlag für Angewandte Managementforschung, pp. 66–91.
• Lisá, E., Hennelová, K., & Newman, D. (2019). Comparison between Employers' and Students' Expectations in Respect of Employability Skills of University Graduates. International Journal of Work-Integrated Learning, 20(1), 71-82.
• Lotfi, M. H., & Pour, M. S. (2013). The relationship between organizational justice and job satisfaction among the employees of Tehran Payame Noor University. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, 2073-2079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.10.168
• Lotko, M, Razgale, I, & Vilka, L (2016) Mutual expectations of employers and employees as a factor affecting employability. The European Journal of Social & Behavioural Sciences, 17(3), 2240–2259. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/ejsbs.199
• Low, M., Botes, V., Rue, D. D., & Allen, J. (2016). Accounting employers’ expectations: The ideal accounting graduates. E-Journal of Business Education & Scholarship of Teaching, 10 (1), 36-57.
• Mahmoud, A. B., Fuxman, L., Mohr, I., Reisel, W. D., & Grigoriou, N. (2021). “We aren't your reincarnation!” workplace motivation across X, Y and Z generations. International Journal of Manpower, 42(1), 193-209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJM-09-2019-0448
• Messum, D., Wilkes, L., Peters, C., & Jackson, D. (2017). Senior managers' and recent graduates' perceptions of employability skills for health services management. Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education, 18(2), 115-128.
• Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, Sage.
• Naveed, T. A., Jabeen, T., & Ullah, S. (2015). An appraisal of mismatch between employers’ expectations and graduating students’ perception about employability skills: a case
• Nota, L., Ginevra, M. C., & Soresi, S. (2012). The Career and Work Adaptability Questionnaire
• Onur, Ö., İşler, S. D., Ak, G., Peker, K., & Açıkgöz, M. M. (2022). Covid-19 pandemi döneminde diş hekimliği eğitiminde yeni normaller. Sağlık Bilimlerinde İleri Araştırmalar Dergisi, 5(1), 32-40.
• Oussible, N., & Tinaztepe, C. I. H. A. N. (2022). The effect of democratic leadership style on organizational productivity by the mediating role of employee performance in Turkey. International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management, 9(1), 6-16.
• Pandita, D. (2022). Innovation in talent management practices: creating an innovative employer branding strategy to attract generation Z. International Journal of Innovation Science, 14(3/4), 556-569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJIS-10-2020-0217
• Patton, M. Q. (2005). Qualitative Research. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
• Patton, M. Q. (2014). Nitel araştırma ve değerlendirme yöntemleri. Pegem Akademi
• Scott, R. (2016). Get ready for generation Z. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/causeintegration/2016/11/28/get-ready-for-generation-z/#3c025dfe2204
• Sithole, S. (2015). Quality in accounting graduates: Employer expectations of the graduate skills in the Bachelor of Accounting degree. European Scientific Journal, 11(22), 165–180.
• Staiculescu, C., Lacatus, M. L., & Livinti, R. (2021). Employers expectations and requirements. Case study: Employers of Schools of Economics and Business Graduates in Romania. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Business Excellence (pp. 185-195). http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2021-0018
• Stankiewicz-Mróz, A. (2020). Perception of work flexibility among students as representatives of generation Z and employers from the SME sector. Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi, 132(1), 49-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.8778
• Sucu, M. (2021). İşletmelerin Z kuşağı bireylerini istihdam ederken dikkate almaları gereken konular: bir literatür araştırması. Uluslararası Anadolu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5(3), 848-867.
• Szydło, R., Wiśniewska, S., Tyrańska, M., Dolot, A., Bukowska, U., & Koczyński, M. (2021). Employer expectations regarding the competencies of employees on the energy market in Poland. Energies, 14(21), 7233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217233
• Taş, H. Y., Demirdöğmez, M., & Küçükoğlu, M. (2017). Geleceğimiz olan Z kuşağının çalışma
• U.K. Commission for Employment and Skills. 2016. “Employer Skills Survey 2015: UK Results Evidence Report 97.” UK Commission for Employment and Skills, February 10. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/525444/UKCESS_2015_Report_for_web__May_.pdf
• Wagner, M., & Gansemer-Topf, A. (2005). Learning by teaching others: A qualitative study exploring the benefits of peer teaching. Landscape Journal, 24(2), 198-208.
• Yang, M. M., Golden, B. P., Cameron, K. A., Gard, L., Bierman, J. A., Evans, D. B., & Henschen, B. L. (2022). Learning through teaching: peer teaching and mentoring experiences among third-year medical students. Teaching and Learning in Medicine, 34(4), 360-367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10401334.2021.1899930
• Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayınları.
• Zwane, F. N., Du Plessis, L., & Slabbert, E. (2014). Analysing employers' expectations of employee skills in the South African tourism industry. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 12(1), 1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v12i1.550