The Course of The Trauma Concept Throughout the History of Psychiatry

Abstract

"Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder" (PTSD) has been admitted as a diagnosis in 1980 with the publication of DSM-III. It was the first diagnosis which determined trauma as a cause of psychiatric disorders. The psychological consequences of trauma studies in psychiatry were influenced by many political and cultural processes. The studies of trauma had a history of cycle including the pauses for a long time and starts with a traumatic process. The studies finished with the omission of the traumatic process. The history of trauma had an interesting story in psychiatry which is an example demonstrating the big changes of psychiatric diseases. Also the relations between trauma and psychiatric disorders had significant changes in DSM over the last 60 years. So that trauma holds an important place in psychiatry practice. We reviewed the course of the trauma concept throughout the DSM in

Keywords

• posttraumatic stress disorder, psychological trauma, stressful life events

Travma kavramının psikiyatri tarihindeki seyri

Öz

Travma kavramının psikiyatride resmi olarak yer alması 1980’de Ruhsal Bozuklukların Tanısal ve Sayımsal El Kitabının (DSM) üçüncü baskısında “Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu”nun (TSSB) tanımlanmasıyla olsa da bu tarihten önce de travmanın psikiyatrik bozukluklara yol açtığına dair görüşler bulunmaktadır. Travmanın psikolojik sonuçları ile ilgili çalışmalar pek çok siyasi ve politik süreçlerden etkilenmiş ve çoğu zaman içinde bulunduğu dönemin özelliklerine göre şekillenmiştir. Bu süreçlere genel olarak bakıldığında travma çalışmalarının inişli çıkışlı bir geçmişi vardır; yani travmanın psikolojik etkisinin yoğun araştırıldığı dönemler ile hiç önemsenmediği dönemler birbirini izlemiştir. Travma kavramının psikiyatri tarihindeki değişiklikleri, psikiyatrik hastalıkların geçirdiği süreci göstermede önemli bir yere sahiptir. Son 60 yılın etkisini gözlemleyebildiğimiz DSM

Anahtar Kelimeler

• posttravmatik stres bozukluğu, psikolojik travma, stresli yaşam olayları

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