KRİZE MÜDAHALENİN PSİKİYATRİDEKİ YERİ

Öz

: Bu yazıda krize müdahalenin kapsamı ve psikiyatrideki yeri incelenmektedir. Kriz kuramı büyük yaşamsal zorluklarla karşılaşmış sağlıklı bireylerle bağlantılı olarak oluşturulmuştur. Fakat, uygulamada psikiyatrik rahatsızlığı olan bireyleri de kapsayacak şekilde genişletilmiştir. Bu yazıda, krize müdahalenin ve kriz kuramının ne derece genişletilebileceği tartışılıp, bu konuda çeşitli merkezlerde yapılmış araştırmalar gözden geçirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, kriz kuramının bir bütün olarak psikiyatriye yerleştirilemeyeceği, fakat gözden geçirilip ayarlanmış şekillerinin yararlı olabileceği kararına varılmıştır. Krize müdahale (KM) terimi, artık hem ruh sağlığı uzmanları, hem de ruh sağlığı hizmetleri planlayıcıları tarafından sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Böyle bir hizmetin planlanmasında, terimi çevreleyen karışıklıkla karşılaşılabileceği için, bu yazıda KM'nin kapsamı, karışıklığın kökenleri ve kriz kuramının (KK) psikiyatri uygulamasındaki yeri aydınlatılmaya çalışılacakt

Abstract

: This paper examines the concept of crisis intervention and its relevance to psychiatric practice. Crisis theory originated in relation to healthy subjects disturbed by majör life hazards. İts application, however, has been vvidened in an uncritical manner to include patients wıth psychiatric disorders. To what extent crisis theory and intervention can be applied is discussed and relevant research on the outcome of their use in a variety of settings reviewed. İt is concluded that although crisis theory cannot be transplanted in its entirety into psychiatry, modified versions might prove useful. The role of crisis in inducing behaviour in a variety of psychiatric settings and the ways in vvhich this might be harnessed are of considerable interets and vvorthy of careful investigation

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