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PSİKOLOJİK OTOPSİ: ADLİ ALANDA ÇALIŞANLAR BU KAVRAMI BİLİYORLAR MI?

Year 2019, Volume: 27 Issue: 3, 114 - 130, 24.12.2019

Abstract




PSİKOLOJİK
OTOPSİ: ADLİ ALANDA ÇALIŞANLAR BU KAVRAMI BİLİYORLAR MI?[1]

Gülşah Şükran KALE[2]




ÖZET

Giriş: Psikolojik
Otopsi, intiharın anlaşılması, önlenmesi ve şüpheli ölümlerin aydınlatılmasında
kullanılan bir yöntemdir. Ölen kişiye ilişkin bilgilerin toplanması ve ölen
kişinin yakınlarıyla görüşülmek suretiyle elde edilen bilgilerden yola çıkarak
kişinin ölüm öncesindeki zihinsel durumunun yeniden yapılandırılması
amaçlanmaktadır. Bu yöntemle kişinin bir intiharın objesi olup olmadığına ya da
intiharının altında yatan gerçek sebeplere ulaşılmaya çalışılmaktadır.

Amaç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada
ülkemizde psikolojik otopsi kavramının intihar, suç bilimi alanlarında
çalışabilecek profesyoneller tarafından ne ölçüde bilindiği araştırılmak
istenmiştir. Bu amaçla adli alanda çalışan psikologlar, psikiyatristler, adli
tıp hekimleri, hâkimler, savcılar, avukatlar ve polisler olarak belirlenen yedi
meslek grubundaki Ankara, İzmir ve Aydın'da çalışan 211 kişiye hazırlanan 7
soruluk "Psikolojik Otopsiye Bakış Anketi" uygulanarak veri
toplanmıştır.

Tartışma: Birçok ülkenin
adli sistemi içinde çeşitli amaçlar için kullanılmakta olan bu yöntemin,
ülkemizde intiharları araştırmak için yapılan sayılı çalışma dışında bugüne
kadar yeterli ilgiyi görmediği, adli alan çalışanlarının da psikolojik otopsi
kavramı hakkında yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ankara'da
çalışan meslekler ve psikolog ile psikiyatristlerin diğer şehirlerde yaşayan
diğer meslek elemanlarından konu hakkında daha fazla bilgi sahibi oldukları bilgisine
ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Psikolojik
otopsi, intihar, adli vaka, şüpheli ölüm analizi.




ABSTRACT

   Introduction: Psychological autopsy is a method that is used to
understand and prevent suicide and to illuminate equivocal deaths. It is aimed
to reconstruct the mental state of the deceased before death by gathering
information about the deceased and interviewing with the relatives of the
deceased. In this way, it is tried to be reached whether the person is the
suicide figure or not; or the underlying reasons of suicide. It is determined
that this method, is used for various purposes in forensic systems of many
countries, hasn’t drawn enough interest until now except for few studies which
is done for searching the suicides in our country.

Aim and Method:  For this purpose, a
questionnaire study about the term “psychological autopsy” has been done in
order to measure the level of knowledge of the experts who work in the forensic
field. Two hundred eleven person who works as psychologists, psychiatrists,
coroner, police, judge, solicitor and lawyer in Ankara, Izmir and Aydın have
participated in this study. As a result of the study, it has been seen that
many of the participants (%63,5) haven’t heard this term before and 72,5
percent of them do not know what the term means.

Discussion: It is detected that the most expressed issues are that the occupational
group and the current city are predictive about knowing the term, there isn’t
enough competent staff on applying this method in our country, the lack of
legal substructure and who can apply the method. It is also detected that the
participants think that the method of psychological autopsy is applicable in
our country and it is acceptable in judicial process.

Consequently, it is considered that a
significant improvement about understanding and avoiding the suicides, and
reducing the suspicious death cases will be provided by including the knowledge
of the “psychological autopsy” method into the training of the occupational
groups in the forensic field; increasing the scientific studies about the subject
and improving the legal substructure.

Key Words: Forensic
experts, psychological autopsy, suicide, suspicious death analyze.





[1] Bu çalışma, yazarın
Ankara Üniversitesi Disiplinlerarası Adli Bilimler Enstitüsü Adli Psikoloji Anabilim
Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi’nin bilimsel makale hali olup, Uluslararası 14. Anadolu
Adli Bilimler Kongresinde sözlü bildiri olarak sunulmuştur.



 







[2] Uzman Adli
Psikolog



Nazilli 2. Aile Mahkemesi



05333944022,



gulsahskale@hotmail.com



 








References

  • ALPER, B., AZMAK, D., ÇEKİN, N., GÜLMEN, M.K, KOÇ, S., SALAÇİN, S. (1999). Adli Otopsi ve Adli Patoloji, Birinci Basamak İçin Adli Tıp El Kitabı, Türk Tabipleri Birliği-Adli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği, Ankara. S:36-82.
  • CANTER, D. V. (2000). Psychological autopsies. Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences. Elsevier, London, UK.
  • CROSS, T. L., GUST-BREY, K., & BALL, P. B. (2002). A psychological autopsy of the suicide of an academically gifted student: Researchers' and parents' perspectives. Gifted child quarterly, 46(4), 247-264.
  • DREGNE, N. M. (1982). Psychological autopsy: a new tool for criminal defense attorneys. Ariz. L. Rev., 24, 421.
  • HENRY, M. & GREENFIELD B. J. (2009). Therapeutic effects of psychological autopsy: the impact of investigating suicides on interviewees. Crisis. 30(1):20-24.
  • INSERM Collective Expertise Centre. (2005). Suicide: Psychological autopsy, a research tool for prevention.
  • ISOMETSA, E. T. (2001). Psychological autopsy studies–a review. European psychiatry, 16(7), 379-385.
  • JACOBS, D., & KLEIN-BENHEIM, M. (1995). The psychological autopsy: a useful tool for determining proximate causation in suicide cases. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online, 23(2), 165-182.
  • KNOLL IV, J. L. (2008). The psychological autopsy, part I: Applications and methods. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 14(6), 393-397.
  • KNOLL IV, J. L. (2009). The psychological autopsy, part II: toward a standardized protocol. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 15(1), 52-59.
  • NAUDÓ-MOLİST, J., NEBOT, F. X. A., MATAVERA, I. S., VİLLAROEL, R. M., BRİONES-BUİXASSA, L., & NUÑO, J. J. (2017). A descriptive analysis of suicide deaths and application of the Psychological Autopsy method during the period 2013–2015 in the region of Osona (Barcelona, Spain). Spanish journal of legal medicine, 43(4), 138-145.
  • OGLOFF, J. R., & OTTO, R. K. (1993). Psychological autopsy: Clinical and legal perspectives. St Louis University Law Journal, 37, 607.
  • POULIOT, L., & DE LEO, D. (2006). Critical issues in psychological autopsy studies. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 36(5), 491-510.
  • SHELEF, L., KOREM, N., YAVNAİ, N., YEDİDYA, R., GİNAT, K., SHAHAR, G., & YACOBİ, A. (2018). Depression and impulsiveness among soldiers who died by suicide: A psychological autopsy study. Journal of affective disorders, 235, 341-347.
  • TÜİK 2014 Yılı İntihar İstatistikleri. Erişim: [http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=18626]. Erişim Tarihi: 27.01.2016
  • VASUDEVA MURTY, C. R. (2010 ). Psychological autopsy – a review. Al Ameen J. Medical Sciences. 3(3):177-181.
Year 2019, Volume: 27 Issue: 3, 114 - 130, 24.12.2019

Abstract

References

  • ALPER, B., AZMAK, D., ÇEKİN, N., GÜLMEN, M.K, KOÇ, S., SALAÇİN, S. (1999). Adli Otopsi ve Adli Patoloji, Birinci Basamak İçin Adli Tıp El Kitabı, Türk Tabipleri Birliği-Adli Tıp Uzmanları Derneği, Ankara. S:36-82.
  • CANTER, D. V. (2000). Psychological autopsies. Encyclopedia of Forensic Sciences. Elsevier, London, UK.
  • CROSS, T. L., GUST-BREY, K., & BALL, P. B. (2002). A psychological autopsy of the suicide of an academically gifted student: Researchers' and parents' perspectives. Gifted child quarterly, 46(4), 247-264.
  • DREGNE, N. M. (1982). Psychological autopsy: a new tool for criminal defense attorneys. Ariz. L. Rev., 24, 421.
  • HENRY, M. & GREENFIELD B. J. (2009). Therapeutic effects of psychological autopsy: the impact of investigating suicides on interviewees. Crisis. 30(1):20-24.
  • INSERM Collective Expertise Centre. (2005). Suicide: Psychological autopsy, a research tool for prevention.
  • ISOMETSA, E. T. (2001). Psychological autopsy studies–a review. European psychiatry, 16(7), 379-385.
  • JACOBS, D., & KLEIN-BENHEIM, M. (1995). The psychological autopsy: a useful tool for determining proximate causation in suicide cases. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online, 23(2), 165-182.
  • KNOLL IV, J. L. (2008). The psychological autopsy, part I: Applications and methods. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 14(6), 393-397.
  • KNOLL IV, J. L. (2009). The psychological autopsy, part II: toward a standardized protocol. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 15(1), 52-59.
  • NAUDÓ-MOLİST, J., NEBOT, F. X. A., MATAVERA, I. S., VİLLAROEL, R. M., BRİONES-BUİXASSA, L., & NUÑO, J. J. (2017). A descriptive analysis of suicide deaths and application of the Psychological Autopsy method during the period 2013–2015 in the region of Osona (Barcelona, Spain). Spanish journal of legal medicine, 43(4), 138-145.
  • OGLOFF, J. R., & OTTO, R. K. (1993). Psychological autopsy: Clinical and legal perspectives. St Louis University Law Journal, 37, 607.
  • POULIOT, L., & DE LEO, D. (2006). Critical issues in psychological autopsy studies. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 36(5), 491-510.
  • SHELEF, L., KOREM, N., YAVNAİ, N., YEDİDYA, R., GİNAT, K., SHAHAR, G., & YACOBİ, A. (2018). Depression and impulsiveness among soldiers who died by suicide: A psychological autopsy study. Journal of affective disorders, 235, 341-347.
  • TÜİK 2014 Yılı İntihar İstatistikleri. Erişim: [http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=18626]. Erişim Tarihi: 27.01.2016
  • VASUDEVA MURTY, C. R. (2010 ). Psychological autopsy – a review. Al Ameen J. Medical Sciences. 3(3):177-181.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Psychology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Gülşah Şükran Kale 0000-0001-8940-7744

İ. Hamit Hancı This is me

Hatice Demirbaş

Publication Date December 24, 2019
Submission Date July 19, 2019
Acceptance Date December 18, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 27 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kale, G. Ş., Hancı, İ. H., & Demirbaş, H. (2019). PSİKOLOJİK OTOPSİ: ADLİ ALANDA ÇALIŞANLAR BU KAVRAMI BİLİYORLAR MI?. Kriz Dergisi, 27(3), 114-130.