Erişkinlerde Pnömokok Bağışıklaması

Year 2016, Volume: 8 Issue: 5, 51 - 54, 30.09.2016

Hülya Akan

Abstract

Pnomokoklar primer olarak insan da hastalık yaparlar. Kaynak genellikle asemptomatik

taşıyıcıların nazofarenksleridir. Pnömokokların yaptığı klinik tablolar üst solunum

yolu enfeksiyonlarından pnömoni, bakteriyemi ve menenjite kadar değişkenlik gösterir.

Toplumdan edinilmiş pnömoniler de en sık bakteriyal etken pnömokoklardır. Pnömoni

ve invazif pnömokokal hastalık tüm dünyada özellikle beş yaş altı çocuklar, 65 yaş

üstü erişkinler ve risk grubunda tanımlanan kişiler de önemli bir mortalite ve morbidite

nedenidir. Surveyans verilerinin ortaya koyduğu antibiyotik direnci özellikle penisilin

grubu antibiyotiklere karşı %50 ye varan direnç artışı göz önüne alındığında koruyuculuk

önem kazanmaktadır. Bağışıklama en etkin koruyucu araçtır ve bugün erişkinlerde

kullanımı onaylanmış olmak üzere iki tip aşı vardır: konjüge pnömokok aşısı

ve polisakkarid pnömokok aşısı. Bu derlemede erişkin popülasyonunda güncel pnömokok

bağışıklama önerileri irdelenmeye çalışılmıştır.

Keywords

Streptokokkus pnömonia, pnömoni, invazif pnömokoksik hastalık, pnömokok aşıları

References

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