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Osteoporozda Sınıflandırma Etiyoloji ve Risk Faktörleri

Year 2019, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 114 - 118, 03.05.2019

Abstract

Osteoporoz özellikle yaşlı popülasyonu etkileyen, kemik kütlesinin azaldığı ve kemik
yapısının bozulduğu ve buna bağlı olarak kırık gelişme riskinin arttığı metabolik bir
kemik hastalığıdır. Çoğunlukla asemptomatiktir ve kırık gelişimine kadar tanı almaz. Osteoporoz
sınıflandırması primer ve sekonder olarak yapılmaktadır. En sık sebepleri primer
sebepler olan postmenopozal ve senil osteoporozdur. Sekonder osteoporozun en sık
sebebi ise glukokortikoid osteoporozudur. Etiyolojide ileri yaş, kadın cinsiyet, düşük vücut
ağırlığı, yetersiz fiziksel aktivite, yetersiz D vitamini alımı, aşırı alkol ve tütün kullanımı
gibi pek çok faktör yer. Etiyolojide yer alan sebeplerin çoğu osteoporoz için aynı
zamanda risk faktörlerini oluşturmaktadır. Erken tanı, fraktür gelişimini öngörmek ve
uygun tedavi başlamak özellikle yaşlı nüfusta hastalığın mortalite ve morbiditesini azaltmak
açısından önemlidir.

References

  • 1- Nanes MS, Kallen CB. Osteoporosis. Semin Nucl Med. 2014;44:439-50. doi: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2014.06.006.
  • 2- Curtis EM, Moon RJ, Dennison EM, Harvey NC, Cooper C. Recent advances in the pathogenesis and treatment of osteoporosis.
  • Clin Med (Lond). 2015;15 Suppl 6:s92-6. doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.15-6-s92.
  • 3- Castro-Mateos I, Pozo JM, Cootes TF, Wilkinson JM, Eastell R, Frangi AF. Statistical shape and appearance models in osteoporosis. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2014;12:163-73. doi: 10.1007/s11914-014-0206-3.
  • 4- Bijlsma AY, Meskers CG, Westendorp RG, Maier AB. Chronology of age-related disease definitions: osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Ageing Res Rev. 2012;11:320-4. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2012.01.001.
  • 5- Holroyd C, Dennison E, Cooper C. Epidemiology and classification of osteoporosis. Hochberg MC, Silman AJ, Smolen JS, Weinblatt ME, Weisman MH. Rheumatology. 6th Ed. Elsevier, 2015:1633-40
  • 6- Lane NE. Epidemiology, etiology, and diagnosis of osteoporosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;194:S3-11.
  • 7- Sinaki M. Osteoporosis. Cifu D, Kaelin D,Kowalske KJ, Lew HL, Miller MA, Ragnarsson KT, Worsowitcz G. Braddom's Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 5th Edition, Elsevier, 2016:747-68
  • 8- Komori T. Animal models for osteoporosis. Eur J Pharmacol. 2015;759:287-94. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.028.
  • 9- Yu B, Wang CY. Osteoporosis: The Result of an 'Aged' Bone Microenvironment. Trends Mol Med. 2016;22:641-4. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2016.06.002.
  • 10-Raisz LG. Pathogenesis of osteoporosis: concepts, conflicts, and prospects. J Clin Invest. 2005;115:3318-25.
  • 11- Lu Y, Genant HK, Shepherd J, Zhao S, Mathur A, Fuerst TP et al. Classification of osteoporosis based on bone mineral densities.
  • J Bone Miner Res. 2001;16:901-10. DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.5.901.
  • 12-Briot K, Roux C, Cooper C. Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features. Bijlsma JWJ, Hachulla E. Eular Textbook on Rheumatic Disease. 2nd Ed. BMJ, 2015: 870-890
  • 13-Graham P, Adler RA, Bonner FJ, Kasturi G. Osteoporozun Önlenme ve Tedavisi. Frontera WR, DeLisa JA, Gans BM, Walsh
  • NE, Lawrence RR. DeLisa Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon İlkeler ve Uygulamalar, 5. Baskı, Güneş Tıp Kitabevleri, 2014:979-1014
  • 14-Marcucci G, Brandi ML. Rare causes of osteoporosis. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab. 2015;12:151-6. doi:
  • 10.11138/ccmbm/2015.12.2.151. 15-Shaw NJ. Osteoporosis in paediatrics. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2007;92:169-75.
  • 16-Drake MT, Clarke BL, Lewiecki EM. The Pathophysiology and Treatment of Osteoporosis. Clin Ther. 2015;37:1837-50. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.06.006.
  • 17-Tella SH, Gallagher JC. Prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2014;142:155-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.09.008.
  • 18-Adler RA. The need for increasing awareness of osteoporosis in men. Clin Cornerstone. 2006;8 Suppl 3:S7-13. Review.
  • 19-Adler RA. Osteoporosis in men: recent progress. Endocrine. 2013;44:40-6. doi: 10.1007/s12020-013-9880-7.
  • 20-Adler RA. Epidemiology and pathophysiology of osteoporosis in men. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2006;4:110-5.
  • 21- Willson T, Nelson SD, Newbold J, Nelson RE, LaFleur J. The clinical epidemiology of male osteoporosis: a review of the recent literature. Clin Epidemiol. 2015;7:65-76. doi: 10.2147/CLEP.S40966.
  • 22-Rizzoli R, Branco J, Brandi ML, Boonen S, Bruyère O, Cacoub P et al. Management of osteoporosis of the oldest old. Osteoporos Int. 2014;25:2507-29. doi: 10.1007/s00198-014-2755-9.
  • 23-Hudec SM, Camacho PM. Endocr Pract. 2013;19:120-8. doi: 10.4158/EP12059.RA.
  • 24-Emkey GR, Epstein S. Secondary osteoporosis: pathophysiology & diagnosis. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;28:911-35. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2014.07.002.
  • 25-Mirza F, Canalis E. Management of endocrine disease: Secondary osteoporosis: pathophysiology and management. Eur J Endocrinol. 2015;173:R131-51. doi: 10.1530/EJE-15-0118.
  • 26-Targownik LE, Bernstein CN, Leslie WD. Inflammatory bowel disease and the risk of osteoporosis and fracture. Maturitas. 2013;76:315-9. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.09.009.
  • 27-Petty SJ, Wilding H, Wark JD. Osteoporosis Associated with Epilepsy and the Use of Anti-Epileptics-a Review. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2016;14:54-65. doi: 10.1007/s11914-016-0302-7.
  • 28-Streeten EA, Jaimungal S, Hochberg MC. Pathophysiology of osteoporosis. Hochberg MC, Silman AJ, Smolen JS, Weinblatt ME, Weisman MH. Rheumatology. 6th Ed. Elsevier, 2015:1650-55
  • 29-Tobias JH. Clinical features of osteoporosis. Hochberg MC, Silman AJ, Smolen JS, Weinblatt ME, Weisman MH. Rheumatology. 6th Ed. Elsevier, 2015:1641-49
  • 30-Zhu K, Prince RL. Lifestyle and osteoporosis. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2015;13:52-9. doi: 10.1007/s11914-014-0248-6.
  • 31-Nachtigall MJ, Nazem TG, Nachtigall RH, Goldstein SR. Osteoporosis risk factors and early life-style modifications to decrease disease burden in women. Clin Obstet Gynecol.
  • 2013;56:650-3. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0b013e3182aa1daf.
  • 32-Schnatz PF, Marakovits KA, O'Sullivan DM. Assessment of postmenopausal women and significant risk factors for osteoporosis. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2010;65:591-6. doi: 10.1097/OGX.0b013e3181fc6d30.
  • 33-Aluoch AO, Jessee R, Habal H, Garcia-Rosell M, Shah R, Reed G et al. Heart failure as a risk factor for osteoporosis and fractures.
  • Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2012;10:258-69. doi: 10.1007/s11914-012-0115-2.
  • 34-Azuma K, Adachi Y, Hayashi H, Kubo KY. Chronic Psychological Stress as a Risk Factor of Osteoporosis. J UOEH. 2015;37:245-53. doi: 10.7888/juoeh.37.245.
  • 35-Yadav A, Carey EJ. Osteoporosis in chronic liver disease. Nutr Clin Pract. 2013;28:52-64. doi: 10.1177/0884533612470145.
  • 36-Kling JM, Clarke BL, Sandhu NP. Osteoporosis prevention, screening, and treatment: a review. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2014;23:563-72. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2013.4611.
  • 37- Lindsay R, Cosman F. Osteoporosis. Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 18th Ed. Mc Graw Hill, 2012:3120-35
  • 38-Silverman SL, Komm BS, Mirkin S. Use of FRAX®-based fracture risk assessments to identify patients who will benefit from osteoporosis therapy. Maturitas. 2014;79:241-7. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2014.07.007.
  • 39-Siris ES, Baim S, Nattiv A. Primary care use of FRAX: absolute fracture risk assessment in postmenopausal women and older men. Postgrad Med. 2010;122:82-90. doi: 10.3810/pgm.2010.01.2102.
  • 40-Crandall CJ. Risk Assessment Tools for Osteoporosis Screening in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2015;13:287-301. doi: 10.1007/s11914-015-0282-z.
Year 2019, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 114 - 118, 03.05.2019

Abstract

References

  • 1- Nanes MS, Kallen CB. Osteoporosis. Semin Nucl Med. 2014;44:439-50. doi: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2014.06.006.
  • 2- Curtis EM, Moon RJ, Dennison EM, Harvey NC, Cooper C. Recent advances in the pathogenesis and treatment of osteoporosis.
  • Clin Med (Lond). 2015;15 Suppl 6:s92-6. doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.15-6-s92.
  • 3- Castro-Mateos I, Pozo JM, Cootes TF, Wilkinson JM, Eastell R, Frangi AF. Statistical shape and appearance models in osteoporosis. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2014;12:163-73. doi: 10.1007/s11914-014-0206-3.
  • 4- Bijlsma AY, Meskers CG, Westendorp RG, Maier AB. Chronology of age-related disease definitions: osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Ageing Res Rev. 2012;11:320-4. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2012.01.001.
  • 5- Holroyd C, Dennison E, Cooper C. Epidemiology and classification of osteoporosis. Hochberg MC, Silman AJ, Smolen JS, Weinblatt ME, Weisman MH. Rheumatology. 6th Ed. Elsevier, 2015:1633-40
  • 6- Lane NE. Epidemiology, etiology, and diagnosis of osteoporosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;194:S3-11.
  • 7- Sinaki M. Osteoporosis. Cifu D, Kaelin D,Kowalske KJ, Lew HL, Miller MA, Ragnarsson KT, Worsowitcz G. Braddom's Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 5th Edition, Elsevier, 2016:747-68
  • 8- Komori T. Animal models for osteoporosis. Eur J Pharmacol. 2015;759:287-94. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.028.
  • 9- Yu B, Wang CY. Osteoporosis: The Result of an 'Aged' Bone Microenvironment. Trends Mol Med. 2016;22:641-4. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2016.06.002.
  • 10-Raisz LG. Pathogenesis of osteoporosis: concepts, conflicts, and prospects. J Clin Invest. 2005;115:3318-25.
  • 11- Lu Y, Genant HK, Shepherd J, Zhao S, Mathur A, Fuerst TP et al. Classification of osteoporosis based on bone mineral densities.
  • J Bone Miner Res. 2001;16:901-10. DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.5.901.
  • 12-Briot K, Roux C, Cooper C. Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features. Bijlsma JWJ, Hachulla E. Eular Textbook on Rheumatic Disease. 2nd Ed. BMJ, 2015: 870-890
  • 13-Graham P, Adler RA, Bonner FJ, Kasturi G. Osteoporozun Önlenme ve Tedavisi. Frontera WR, DeLisa JA, Gans BM, Walsh
  • NE, Lawrence RR. DeLisa Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon İlkeler ve Uygulamalar, 5. Baskı, Güneş Tıp Kitabevleri, 2014:979-1014
  • 14-Marcucci G, Brandi ML. Rare causes of osteoporosis. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab. 2015;12:151-6. doi:
  • 10.11138/ccmbm/2015.12.2.151. 15-Shaw NJ. Osteoporosis in paediatrics. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2007;92:169-75.
  • 16-Drake MT, Clarke BL, Lewiecki EM. The Pathophysiology and Treatment of Osteoporosis. Clin Ther. 2015;37:1837-50. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.06.006.
  • 17-Tella SH, Gallagher JC. Prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2014;142:155-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.09.008.
  • 18-Adler RA. The need for increasing awareness of osteoporosis in men. Clin Cornerstone. 2006;8 Suppl 3:S7-13. Review.
  • 19-Adler RA. Osteoporosis in men: recent progress. Endocrine. 2013;44:40-6. doi: 10.1007/s12020-013-9880-7.
  • 20-Adler RA. Epidemiology and pathophysiology of osteoporosis in men. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2006;4:110-5.
  • 21- Willson T, Nelson SD, Newbold J, Nelson RE, LaFleur J. The clinical epidemiology of male osteoporosis: a review of the recent literature. Clin Epidemiol. 2015;7:65-76. doi: 10.2147/CLEP.S40966.
  • 22-Rizzoli R, Branco J, Brandi ML, Boonen S, Bruyère O, Cacoub P et al. Management of osteoporosis of the oldest old. Osteoporos Int. 2014;25:2507-29. doi: 10.1007/s00198-014-2755-9.
  • 23-Hudec SM, Camacho PM. Endocr Pract. 2013;19:120-8. doi: 10.4158/EP12059.RA.
  • 24-Emkey GR, Epstein S. Secondary osteoporosis: pathophysiology & diagnosis. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;28:911-35. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2014.07.002.
  • 25-Mirza F, Canalis E. Management of endocrine disease: Secondary osteoporosis: pathophysiology and management. Eur J Endocrinol. 2015;173:R131-51. doi: 10.1530/EJE-15-0118.
  • 26-Targownik LE, Bernstein CN, Leslie WD. Inflammatory bowel disease and the risk of osteoporosis and fracture. Maturitas. 2013;76:315-9. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.09.009.
  • 27-Petty SJ, Wilding H, Wark JD. Osteoporosis Associated with Epilepsy and the Use of Anti-Epileptics-a Review. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2016;14:54-65. doi: 10.1007/s11914-016-0302-7.
  • 28-Streeten EA, Jaimungal S, Hochberg MC. Pathophysiology of osteoporosis. Hochberg MC, Silman AJ, Smolen JS, Weinblatt ME, Weisman MH. Rheumatology. 6th Ed. Elsevier, 2015:1650-55
  • 29-Tobias JH. Clinical features of osteoporosis. Hochberg MC, Silman AJ, Smolen JS, Weinblatt ME, Weisman MH. Rheumatology. 6th Ed. Elsevier, 2015:1641-49
  • 30-Zhu K, Prince RL. Lifestyle and osteoporosis. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2015;13:52-9. doi: 10.1007/s11914-014-0248-6.
  • 31-Nachtigall MJ, Nazem TG, Nachtigall RH, Goldstein SR. Osteoporosis risk factors and early life-style modifications to decrease disease burden in women. Clin Obstet Gynecol.
  • 2013;56:650-3. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0b013e3182aa1daf.
  • 32-Schnatz PF, Marakovits KA, O'Sullivan DM. Assessment of postmenopausal women and significant risk factors for osteoporosis. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2010;65:591-6. doi: 10.1097/OGX.0b013e3181fc6d30.
  • 33-Aluoch AO, Jessee R, Habal H, Garcia-Rosell M, Shah R, Reed G et al. Heart failure as a risk factor for osteoporosis and fractures.
  • Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2012;10:258-69. doi: 10.1007/s11914-012-0115-2.
  • 34-Azuma K, Adachi Y, Hayashi H, Kubo KY. Chronic Psychological Stress as a Risk Factor of Osteoporosis. J UOEH. 2015;37:245-53. doi: 10.7888/juoeh.37.245.
  • 35-Yadav A, Carey EJ. Osteoporosis in chronic liver disease. Nutr Clin Pract. 2013;28:52-64. doi: 10.1177/0884533612470145.
  • 36-Kling JM, Clarke BL, Sandhu NP. Osteoporosis prevention, screening, and treatment: a review. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2014;23:563-72. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2013.4611.
  • 37- Lindsay R, Cosman F. Osteoporosis. Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 18th Ed. Mc Graw Hill, 2012:3120-35
  • 38-Silverman SL, Komm BS, Mirkin S. Use of FRAX®-based fracture risk assessments to identify patients who will benefit from osteoporosis therapy. Maturitas. 2014;79:241-7. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2014.07.007.
  • 39-Siris ES, Baim S, Nattiv A. Primary care use of FRAX: absolute fracture risk assessment in postmenopausal women and older men. Postgrad Med. 2010;122:82-90. doi: 10.3810/pgm.2010.01.2102.
  • 40-Crandall CJ. Risk Assessment Tools for Osteoporosis Screening in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2015;13:287-301. doi: 10.1007/s11914-015-0282-z.
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects ​Internal Diseases
Journal Section makaleler
Authors

Asist. Dr. Merve Yıldız Yardımcı This is me

Publication Date May 3, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 11 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Yardımcı, A. D. M. Y. (2019). Osteoporozda Sınıflandırma Etiyoloji ve Risk Faktörleri. Klinik Tıp Aile Hekimliği, 11(3), 114-118.
AMA Yardımcı ADMY. Osteoporozda Sınıflandırma Etiyoloji ve Risk Faktörleri. Aile Hekimliği. May 2019;11(3):114-118.
Chicago Yardımcı, Asist. Dr. Merve Yıldız. “Osteoporozda Sınıflandırma Etiyoloji Ve Risk Faktörleri”. Klinik Tıp Aile Hekimliği 11, no. 3 (May 2019): 114-18.
EndNote Yardımcı ADMY (May 1, 2019) Osteoporozda Sınıflandırma Etiyoloji ve Risk Faktörleri. Klinik Tıp Aile Hekimliği 11 3 114–118.
IEEE A. D. M. Y. Yardımcı, “Osteoporozda Sınıflandırma Etiyoloji ve Risk Faktörleri”, Aile Hekimliği, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 114–118, 2019.
ISNAD Yardımcı, Asist. Dr. Merve Yıldız. “Osteoporozda Sınıflandırma Etiyoloji Ve Risk Faktörleri”. Klinik Tıp Aile Hekimliği 11/3 (May 2019), 114-118.
JAMA Yardımcı ADMY. Osteoporozda Sınıflandırma Etiyoloji ve Risk Faktörleri. Aile Hekimliği. 2019;11:114–118.
MLA Yardımcı, Asist. Dr. Merve Yıldız. “Osteoporozda Sınıflandırma Etiyoloji Ve Risk Faktörleri”. Klinik Tıp Aile Hekimliği, vol. 11, no. 3, 2019, pp. 114-8.
Vancouver Yardımcı ADMY. Osteoporozda Sınıflandırma Etiyoloji ve Risk Faktörleri. Aile Hekimliği. 2019;11(3):114-8.