Flört Pratiklerinde Toplumsal Cinsiyetin Rolü: Türkiye’nin Heteroseksüel Çevrimiçi Flört Dünyasının Analizi

Abstract

Heteroseksüel çevrimiçi flört kültürü ve pratiklerini araştıran doktora projesinin bir parçası olan bu çalışma, bireylerin hem flört uygulamalarıyla etkileşimlerinde hem de çevrimiçi flört deneyimlerinde toplumsal cinsiyetin nasıl belirleyici olduğuna odaklanmaktadır. Türkiye’de popüler olan ve algoritmik mimarileri birbirinden farklı iki uygulamayı, Tinder ile OkCupid’i incelemiş ve kullanıcılarıyla Zoom mülakatları gerçekleştirmiştir. Çıkan bulgular, özellikle erkeklerin deneyimlerinde kullanıcıların görünürlüğünü belirleyen algoritmaların başat bir rolü olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Erkekler, kadınların aksine, eşleşme alabilmek için algoritmaları yenecek ya da kandıracak çeşitli taktikler uygulamak durumunda kalmaktadır. Algoritmik mimari aynı zamanda bu uygulamaların toplumda nasıl algılanacağını etkilemektedir. Flört uygulamalarını, ama özellikle basit mimarisinden ötürü Tinder’ı, “takılma uygulamaları” olarak damgalayan toplumsal algı, kadın ve erkekleri farklı şekillerde etkilemektedir. Bu farklılık, genel olarak erkeklerin avcı, kadınlarınsa kurban olarak kodlandığı takılma pratiğinin toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliğini yeniden üreten yapısından kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu nedenle, erkeklere nazaran, kadınların deneyimlerinde “o tarz kadın” muamelesine maruz kalma ve “saldırıya uğruyormuş” hissine kapılma öne çıkmaktadır. Çalışma, bu bulgular ışığında, hem insan-uygulama etkileşimine hem de flört uygulamalarının nasıl kültürel objeler olduğuna dikkat çekerek Batı odaklı çalışmaların hâkim olduğu çevrimiçi flört literatürüne katkı yapmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

• tanışma uygulamaları
• dijital flörtleşme
• toplumsal cinsiyet
• toplumsal damga

The Role of Gender in Dating Practices: An Analysis of Turkey’s Heterosexual Online Dating World

Abstract

As part of the dissertation research on heterosexual online dating culture and practices, this study focuses on the determining role of gender in individuals’ interaction with dating apps and their online dating experiences. It examines two algorithmically different and most-used apps in Turkey, Tinder and OkCupid, and organizes interviews with the users via Zoom. The findings demonstrate that algorithms that determine users’ visibility play a primary role in particularly men’s experiences. In contrast to women, men must develop various tactics to beat or cheat algorithms to get a match. Algorithmic architecture also influences how these apps are perceived in society. The social perception which stigmatizes dating apps, especially Tinder due to its simple architecture, as “hookup apps” affects women and men differently. These differences derive from the hookup structure that reproduces gender inequality by associating men with the hunter and women with the victim. Hence, in contrast to men, being exposed to “that kind of woman” attitudes and feeling as if they are being attacked are dominant in women’s experiences. In this light, this study aims to contribute to the predominantly Western literature on e-dating by drawing attention to human-app interaction and how dating apps are algorithmic cultural objects.

Keywords

• dating apps
• digital flirting
• gender
• social stigma

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