Viral Gastroenteritis in Children

Abstract

Abstract

Viral gastroenteritis constitute approximately 70-80% of all gastroenteritis andis an important factor of mortality especially among under 5 years old children indeveloping countries. The studies showed that rotavirus has been observed to be responsible from 30-50% of diarrhea in under 5 years old children in Turkey. The adenovirus is the second most common group of viruses that required hospitalization.Astroviruses, Norovirus and other human calicivirus can also cause viral gastroenteritis. Diagnosis of viral gastroenteritis is made by showing the virus in stool or ELISA and other immunological tests. Rehydration is the main treatment of viral gastroenteritis. Studies have shown that probiotics are safe agents and beneficial effected in reducing acute infectious diarrhea duration and stool frequency. However, itshould be noted that the beneficial effect is strain-specific and dose-dependent. Sanitation, improving hygiene conditions, to avoid humanwaste contaminating drinking water, and the placementof hand-washing are measures to preventing the develop-ment of viral acute gastroenteritis. Rotavirus vaccineswhich are important for preventing rotavirus associated gastroenteritis, have been introduced after obtaining thelicense in many countries since 2006.

Keywords

• Children,gastroenteritis,probiotics,rotavirus

Çocuklarda Viral Gastroenteritler Çocuklarda Viral Gastroenteritler

Öz

Öz

Viral gastroenteritler tüm gastroenteritlerin yaklaşık %70-80’ini oluşturur ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde özellikle 5 yaş altı çocuk ölümlerinin önemli bir etkenidir.Türkiye’de yapılan çalışmalarda 5 yaş altı çocuklarda görülen ishallerin %30-50’sinden rotavirusların sorumlu olduğu görülmüştür. Enterik adenoviruslar rotaviruslardan sonra en sık yatış gerektiren ikinci virus grubudur. Astroviruslar, Noroviruslarve diğer insan calicivirusları da diğer viral gastroenterit etkenleri arasında sayılabilir. Viral gastroenteritlerin tanısı dışkıda virusun gösterilmesi veya ELISA testleri vediğer immünolojik testler ile saptanması ile konulur. Yeterli rehidratasyon viral gastroenteritlerin ana tedavisini oluşturur. Probiyotiklerin akut enfeksiyöz ishalin süresini ve dışkı sıklığını azaltmakta yararlı etkileri ve güvenilir ajanlar olduğu çalışmalarla gösterilmiştir. Ancak, yararlı etkilerinin suşa özgü ve doza bağımlı olduğu unutulmamalıdır. Sanitasyon, hijyen koşullarının iyileştirilmesi, insan atıklarının içmesuyuna karışmasının engellenmesi ve el yıkamanın yerleştirilmesi viral akut gastroenterit gelişmesini engelleyen önlemlerdir. Özellikle rotaviruse bağlı gastroenterit-lerin önlenmesinde önemli rol oynayan Rotavirus aşıları 2006 yılından itibaren birçok ülkede lisans alarak kullanıma girmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çocuk,gastroenterit,probiyotik,rotavirus

References

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