Review
Year 2016,
Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 19 - 33, 30.03.2016
Abstract
Öz
Emzirmenin bilinen yararlarına ve güncel emzirme danışmanlığı desteğine önemverilmesine rağmen ülkemizde TNSA-2013 verilerine göre özellikle sezaryen doğumların artması nedeniyle olan gecikmiş laktogenez ve anne sütü yetersizliğine bağlı emzirmenin erken kesilmesi ile formül mama kullanımının artışı gibi anlamlı emzirme sorunları bulunmaktadır. Anne sütünün desteklenmesi ve emzirme danışmanlığı; sadece pozisyon, kavrama, sütün gelmesi olarak değil, her bebek/anne çiftinin anne, bebek, doğum ve aile ilişkili ilgili psikososyal risklerin çok boyutlu değerlendirilmesini gerektiren bütüncül bir yaklaşımdır. Çocuk hekimleri emzirmenin desteklenmesi ve danışmanlık konusunda ana sorumlu ve ekip lideri durumundadırlar. Ülkemizde yakın gelecekte emzirmenin başlatılması, sürdürülmesi ve desteklenmesi konusundaki sorunlara yönelik etkin politikalar belirlenip çözümler üretilmelidir.
References
- Kaynaklar 1.Host resstance factors and immunologic significance fo humanmilk. In: Lawrence RA and Lawrence RM. (Eds), In Breastfee-ding A guide for the medical profession, 8 th Edition, Saunders,2016, p 146-193. 2.Premature infants and breastfeeding. In: Lawrence RA and Law-rence RM. (Eds), Breastfeeding A guide for the medical profes-sion, 8 th Edition, Saunders, 2016, p 524-562. 3.Biochemistry of human milk. In: Lawrence RA and Lawrence RM.(Eds), Breastfeeding A guide for the medical profession, 8 th Edi-tion.; Saunders, 2016, p 98-153. 4.Ballard O, Morrow AL. Human milk composition, nutrients andbioactive factors. Pediatr Clin N Am 2013; 60: 49-74. 5.American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement. Section on Bre-astfeeding Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics2012;129:e827–e841 6.World Health Organization, UNICEF and Wellstart Internatio-nal. Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative, Revised Updated and Ex-panded for Integrated Care, 2009. 7.Breast-feeding: A Commentary by the ESPGHAN Committee onNutrition Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition byEuropean Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology,and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastro-enterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition 2009: 49:112–125 8.American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.Commit-tee Opinion No. 570. Breastfeeding in underserved women: In-creasing initiation and continuation of breastfeeding. Obstet Gyne-col 2013;122:323–428. 9.Türk Neonatoloji Derneği Tanı ve Tedavi Protokolleri-2015. Pre-tarm ve hasta term bebeğin besllenmesi, Sağlıklı term bebeğin bes-lenmesi www.neonatology.org.tr/dernek-hakkinda/mansetler/72-tnd-tani-ve-tedavi-protokoller 10.Agostoni C, Buonocore G, Carnielli VP, et al. Enteral nutrientsupply for preterm infants: commentary from the European So-ciety of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition(ESPGHAN) Committee on Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr2010;50:85–91 11.Kramer MS; Kakuma R Optimal duration of exclusive breastfee-ding. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2012 Cochra-ne 2012 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003517. pub2 12.Victora CG, Aluísio J D Barros AJD, França GVA, et al. Bre-astfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, andlifelong effect. Lancet 2016; 387: 475–90. 13.Dieterich CM et al. Breastfeeding and health outcomes for themother-infant dyad. Pediatr Clin N Am 2013; 60: 31-48. 14.Liao Y, Alvarado R, PHinney B, Lönnerdal B. Proteomic Cha-racterization of Human Milk Fat Globule Membrane Proteins du-ring a 12 Month Lactation Period.J. Proteome Res. 2011, 10,3530–3541. 15.Hassiotou F, Geddes DT, Hartmann PE. Cells in human milk: Sta-te of the science. J Hum Lact 2013; 29:171 16.Patki S, Kadam S, Chandra V, Bhonde R.. Human breast milkis a rich source of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells. HumanCell, 2010; 23:35-40 17.Bode L, McGuire M, Rodriguez JM, Geddes DT, Hassiotou F,Hartmann PE, McGuire MK. It’s Alive: Microbes and Cells inHuman Milk and Their Potential Benefits to Mother and Infant.Adv Nutr 2014;5: 571–573. 18.Fernández L, Langa S, Martín V, Maldonado A, Jiménez E, Mar-tín R,Rodríguez JM. The human milk microbiota: origin and po-tential roles in health and disease. Pharmacol Res 2013;69:1–10. 19.Munch EM, Harris RA, Mohammad M, Benham AL, Pejerrey SM,et al. Transcriptome Profiling of microRNA by Next-Gen DeepSequencing Reveals Known and Novel miRNA Species in the Li-pid Fraction of Human Breast Milk. PLoS ONE 2013; 8(2):e50564. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050564 20.Hill DR and Newburg DS. Clinical applications of bioactive milkcomponents. Nutrition Reviews 2015;May:1-14 21.Underwood MA. Human milk for the premature infant. PediatrClin North Am 2013;60:189–207. 22.Weber A, Loui A, Jochum F, et al. Breast milk from mothers ofvery low birthweight infants: variability in fat and protein con-tent. Acta Paediatr 2001;90:772–5. 23.Meinzen-Derr J, Poindexter B, Wrage L, et al., for the NICHHDNeonatal Research Network. Role of human milk in extremely lowbirth weight infants’ risk of necrotizing enterocolitis or death. JPerinatol 2009;29:57–62. 24.Patel AL, Johnson TJ, Engstrom JL, et al. Impact of early hu-man milk on sepsis and health-care costs in very low birth we-ight infants. J Perinatol 2013 Jan 2013:1–6. 25.Corpeleijn WE, Kouwenhoven SM, Paap MC, et al. Intake of ownmother’s milk during the first days of life is associated with dec-reased morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight infantsduring the first 60 days of life. Neonatology 2012;102:276–81. 26.Vohr BR, Poindexter BB, Dusick AM, et al. Persistent benefici-al effects of breast milk ingested in the neonatal intensive careunit on outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants at 30months. Pediatrics 2007;120: e953. 27.World Health Organization, UNICEF and Wellstart Internatio-nal. Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative, Revised Updated and Ex-panded for Integrated Care, 2009. 28.http://cocukergen.thsk.saglik.gov.tr/daire-faaliyetleri/beslen-me/753-emzirmenin-korunması,-özendirilmesi 29.Çamurdan AD, Özkan S, Yüksel D, Paslı F, Şahin F, BeyazovaU. The effect of the baby-friendly hospital initiative on long-termbreast feding. International Journal of Clinical Practice2007;61:1251–1255 30.Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, Ankara. Türki-ye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması TNSA- 2008. 31.http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/TNSA2013_sonuclar_su-num_2122014.pdf 32.http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/TNSA_2013_ana_rapor.pdf 33.Okumus N, Atalay Y, Onal EE, Turkyilmaz C, Senel S, Gunay-din B, Pasaoglu H, Koc E, Ergenekon E, Unal S. The effects ofdelivery route and anesthesia type on early postnatal weight lossin newborns: the role of vasoactive hormones. J Pediatr Endoc-rinol Metab. 2011;24(1-2):45-50. 34.Chantry CJ, Nommsen-Rivers LA, Peerson JM, Cohen RJ, De-wey KG. Excess weight loss in first-born breastfed newborns re-lates to maternal intrapartum fluid balance. Pediatrics. 2011Jan;127(1):e171-9. 35.Preer GL, Newby PK, Philipp BL.Weight loss in exclusively bre-astfed infants delivered by cesarean birth. J Hum Lact. 2012May;28(2):153-8. 36.Lamp JM, Macke JK. Relationships among intrapartum mater-nal fluid intake, birth type, neonatal output, and neonatal weightloss during the first 48 hours after birth. J Obstet Gynecol Neo-natal Nurs. 2010 Mar-Apr;39(2):169-77 37.Bilgin LK, Akçay F, Altınkaynak K, Altındağ H. Hypernatremiain Breastfed Newborns: a Review of 149 Cases. J Trop Pediatr2012;58 (4): 332-334. 38.Unal S , Arhan E, Kara N, Uncu N and Aliefendioğlu D. Breast-feeding-associated hypernatremia: Retrospective analysis of169 term newborns. Pediatr Int 2008;50:29-34 39.Ergenekon E, Unal S, Gücüyener K, Soysal Ş, Koç E, Okumuş N, Türk-yılmaz C, Önal E, Atalay Y. Hypernatremic dehydration in te new-born period and long term follow up. Pediatr Int 2007 40.Hörnell A, Hofvander Y, Kylber E Solids and formula: associa-tion with pattern and duration of breastfeeding, Pediatrics,2001;107(3) 41.Camurdan AD, Ilhan AN, Beyazova U, Sahin F, Vatandas N andEminoglu S. How to achieve long-term breast-feeding: factors as-sociated with early discontinuation. Public Health Nutrition2008;11 :1173-1179 42.Alikasifoglu M, Erginoz E, Gur ET, Baltas Z, Beker B, Arvas A:Factors influencing the duration of exclusive breastfeeding in agroup of Turkish women. J Hum Lact 2001, 17:220-226. 43.Yilmaz G, Gurakan B, Akgun S, Ozbek N: Factors influencing bre-astfeeding for working mothers. Turk J Pediatr 2002,44:30-34 44.ABM Clinical Protocol #3: Hospital Guidelines for the Use ofSupplementary Feedings in the Healthy Term Breastfed Neona-te, Revised 2009 The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine Pro-tocol Committee 45.Wight N, Marinelli KA and The Academy of Breastfeeding Me-dicine. ABM Clinical Protocol #1:Guidelines for Blood Gluco-se Monitoring and Treatment of Hypoglycemia in Term and Late-Preterm Neonates, Revised 2014 .BREASTFEEDING MEDICI-NE Volume 9, Number 4, 2014 46.Policy Statement of hospital stay for healthy term newborns. Ame-rican Academy of Pediatrics, 2010;125:405-409 47.Chapman DJ, Young S, Ferris AM, Escamilla RP Impact of Bre-ast Pumping on Lactogenesis Stage II After Cesarean Delivery:A Randomized Clinical Trial Pediatrics 2001 107;6 :e94 48.Jaafar SH, Jahanfar S, Angolkar M, Ho JJ. Effect of restrictedpacifier use in breastfeeding term infants for increasing durati-on of breastfeeding. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2012 . DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007202.pub3 49.Mortel M, Mehta SD. Systematic Review of the Efficacy of Her-bal Galactogogues.J Hum Lact 2013 29: 154-162.. 50.Merewood A. Stepping Up the Baby-Friendly NICU. ournal ofHuman Lactation 29(3) 287–288
Year 2016,
Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 19 - 33, 30.03.2016
Abstract
Abstract
Despite the known benefits of breastfeeding and importance of current practicein lactational support there has been an increase in breastfeeding problems such asdelayed and insufficient breast milk production causing early discontinuation of breastfeeding and unnecessary formula supplementation especially due to high rates ofcaesarean section according to the Turkey Demographic and Health Survey-2013 .Breastfeeding support and counseling is not only latching, positioning and milk ejection but also a multidimentional integrated management of every motherinfant dyadtogether with maternal, neonatal, delivery and family-related psychosocial issues. Pediatricians, as an team leader, have majör responsibiltiy on supporting breastfeeding and lactational consealing. In the near future, effective policies and solutionsfor problems related initiation, continuation and supporting of breastfeeding shouldbe produced in our country.
Keywords
breast milk exclusively breastfeeding breastfeeding breastfeeding counseling breastfeeding problems
References
- Kaynaklar 1.Host resstance factors and immunologic significance fo humanmilk. In: Lawrence RA and Lawrence RM. (Eds), In Breastfee-ding A guide for the medical profession, 8 th Edition, Saunders,2016, p 146-193. 2.Premature infants and breastfeeding. In: Lawrence RA and Law-rence RM. (Eds), Breastfeeding A guide for the medical profes-sion, 8 th Edition, Saunders, 2016, p 524-562. 3.Biochemistry of human milk. In: Lawrence RA and Lawrence RM.(Eds), Breastfeeding A guide for the medical profession, 8 th Edi-tion.; Saunders, 2016, p 98-153. 4.Ballard O, Morrow AL. Human milk composition, nutrients andbioactive factors. Pediatr Clin N Am 2013; 60: 49-74. 5.American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement. Section on Bre-astfeeding Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics2012;129:e827–e841 6.World Health Organization, UNICEF and Wellstart Internatio-nal. Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative, Revised Updated and Ex-panded for Integrated Care, 2009. 7.Breast-feeding: A Commentary by the ESPGHAN Committee onNutrition Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition byEuropean Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology,and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastro-enterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition 2009: 49:112–125 8.American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.Commit-tee Opinion No. 570. Breastfeeding in underserved women: In-creasing initiation and continuation of breastfeeding. Obstet Gyne-col 2013;122:323–428. 9.Türk Neonatoloji Derneği Tanı ve Tedavi Protokolleri-2015. Pre-tarm ve hasta term bebeğin besllenmesi, Sağlıklı term bebeğin bes-lenmesi www.neonatology.org.tr/dernek-hakkinda/mansetler/72-tnd-tani-ve-tedavi-protokoller 10.Agostoni C, Buonocore G, Carnielli VP, et al. Enteral nutrientsupply for preterm infants: commentary from the European So-ciety of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition(ESPGHAN) Committee on Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr2010;50:85–91 11.Kramer MS; Kakuma R Optimal duration of exclusive breastfee-ding. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2012 Cochra-ne 2012 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003517. pub2 12.Victora CG, Aluísio J D Barros AJD, França GVA, et al. Bre-astfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, andlifelong effect. Lancet 2016; 387: 475–90. 13.Dieterich CM et al. Breastfeeding and health outcomes for themother-infant dyad. Pediatr Clin N Am 2013; 60: 31-48. 14.Liao Y, Alvarado R, PHinney B, Lönnerdal B. Proteomic Cha-racterization of Human Milk Fat Globule Membrane Proteins du-ring a 12 Month Lactation Period.J. Proteome Res. 2011, 10,3530–3541. 15.Hassiotou F, Geddes DT, Hartmann PE. Cells in human milk: Sta-te of the science. J Hum Lact 2013; 29:171 16.Patki S, Kadam S, Chandra V, Bhonde R.. Human breast milkis a rich source of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells. HumanCell, 2010; 23:35-40 17.Bode L, McGuire M, Rodriguez JM, Geddes DT, Hassiotou F,Hartmann PE, McGuire MK. It’s Alive: Microbes and Cells inHuman Milk and Their Potential Benefits to Mother and Infant.Adv Nutr 2014;5: 571–573. 18.Fernández L, Langa S, Martín V, Maldonado A, Jiménez E, Mar-tín R,Rodríguez JM. The human milk microbiota: origin and po-tential roles in health and disease. Pharmacol Res 2013;69:1–10. 19.Munch EM, Harris RA, Mohammad M, Benham AL, Pejerrey SM,et al. Transcriptome Profiling of microRNA by Next-Gen DeepSequencing Reveals Known and Novel miRNA Species in the Li-pid Fraction of Human Breast Milk. PLoS ONE 2013; 8(2):e50564. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050564 20.Hill DR and Newburg DS. Clinical applications of bioactive milkcomponents. Nutrition Reviews 2015;May:1-14 21.Underwood MA. Human milk for the premature infant. PediatrClin North Am 2013;60:189–207. 22.Weber A, Loui A, Jochum F, et al. Breast milk from mothers ofvery low birthweight infants: variability in fat and protein con-tent. Acta Paediatr 2001;90:772–5. 23.Meinzen-Derr J, Poindexter B, Wrage L, et al., for the NICHHDNeonatal Research Network. Role of human milk in extremely lowbirth weight infants’ risk of necrotizing enterocolitis or death. JPerinatol 2009;29:57–62. 24.Patel AL, Johnson TJ, Engstrom JL, et al. Impact of early hu-man milk on sepsis and health-care costs in very low birth we-ight infants. J Perinatol 2013 Jan 2013:1–6. 25.Corpeleijn WE, Kouwenhoven SM, Paap MC, et al. Intake of ownmother’s milk during the first days of life is associated with dec-reased morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight infantsduring the first 60 days of life. Neonatology 2012;102:276–81. 26.Vohr BR, Poindexter BB, Dusick AM, et al. Persistent benefici-al effects of breast milk ingested in the neonatal intensive careunit on outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants at 30months. Pediatrics 2007;120: e953. 27.World Health Organization, UNICEF and Wellstart Internatio-nal. Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative, Revised Updated and Ex-panded for Integrated Care, 2009. 28.http://cocukergen.thsk.saglik.gov.tr/daire-faaliyetleri/beslen-me/753-emzirmenin-korunması,-özendirilmesi 29.Çamurdan AD, Özkan S, Yüksel D, Paslı F, Şahin F, BeyazovaU. The effect of the baby-friendly hospital initiative on long-termbreast feding. International Journal of Clinical Practice2007;61:1251–1255 30.Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, Ankara. Türki-ye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması TNSA- 2008. 31.http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/TNSA2013_sonuclar_su-num_2122014.pdf 32.http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/TNSA_2013_ana_rapor.pdf 33.Okumus N, Atalay Y, Onal EE, Turkyilmaz C, Senel S, Gunay-din B, Pasaoglu H, Koc E, Ergenekon E, Unal S. The effects ofdelivery route and anesthesia type on early postnatal weight lossin newborns: the role of vasoactive hormones. J Pediatr Endoc-rinol Metab. 2011;24(1-2):45-50. 34.Chantry CJ, Nommsen-Rivers LA, Peerson JM, Cohen RJ, De-wey KG. Excess weight loss in first-born breastfed newborns re-lates to maternal intrapartum fluid balance. Pediatrics. 2011Jan;127(1):e171-9. 35.Preer GL, Newby PK, Philipp BL.Weight loss in exclusively bre-astfed infants delivered by cesarean birth. J Hum Lact. 2012May;28(2):153-8. 36.Lamp JM, Macke JK. Relationships among intrapartum mater-nal fluid intake, birth type, neonatal output, and neonatal weightloss during the first 48 hours after birth. J Obstet Gynecol Neo-natal Nurs. 2010 Mar-Apr;39(2):169-77 37.Bilgin LK, Akçay F, Altınkaynak K, Altındağ H. Hypernatremiain Breastfed Newborns: a Review of 149 Cases. J Trop Pediatr2012;58 (4): 332-334. 38.Unal S , Arhan E, Kara N, Uncu N and Aliefendioğlu D. Breast-feeding-associated hypernatremia: Retrospective analysis of169 term newborns. Pediatr Int 2008;50:29-34 39.Ergenekon E, Unal S, Gücüyener K, Soysal Ş, Koç E, Okumuş N, Türk-yılmaz C, Önal E, Atalay Y. Hypernatremic dehydration in te new-born period and long term follow up. Pediatr Int 2007 40.Hörnell A, Hofvander Y, Kylber E Solids and formula: associa-tion with pattern and duration of breastfeeding, Pediatrics,2001;107(3) 41.Camurdan AD, Ilhan AN, Beyazova U, Sahin F, Vatandas N andEminoglu S. How to achieve long-term breast-feeding: factors as-sociated with early discontinuation. Public Health Nutrition2008;11 :1173-1179 42.Alikasifoglu M, Erginoz E, Gur ET, Baltas Z, Beker B, Arvas A:Factors influencing the duration of exclusive breastfeeding in agroup of Turkish women. J Hum Lact 2001, 17:220-226. 43.Yilmaz G, Gurakan B, Akgun S, Ozbek N: Factors influencing bre-astfeeding for working mothers. Turk J Pediatr 2002,44:30-34 44.ABM Clinical Protocol #3: Hospital Guidelines for the Use ofSupplementary Feedings in the Healthy Term Breastfed Neona-te, Revised 2009 The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine Pro-tocol Committee 45.Wight N, Marinelli KA and The Academy of Breastfeeding Me-dicine. ABM Clinical Protocol #1:Guidelines for Blood Gluco-se Monitoring and Treatment of Hypoglycemia in Term and Late-Preterm Neonates, Revised 2014 .BREASTFEEDING MEDICI-NE Volume 9, Number 4, 2014 46.Policy Statement of hospital stay for healthy term newborns. Ame-rican Academy of Pediatrics, 2010;125:405-409 47.Chapman DJ, Young S, Ferris AM, Escamilla RP Impact of Bre-ast Pumping on Lactogenesis Stage II After Cesarean Delivery:A Randomized Clinical Trial Pediatrics 2001 107;6 :e94 48.Jaafar SH, Jahanfar S, Angolkar M, Ho JJ. Effect of restrictedpacifier use in breastfeeding term infants for increasing durati-on of breastfeeding. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2012 . DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007202.pub3 49.Mortel M, Mehta SD. Systematic Review of the Efficacy of Her-bal Galactogogues.J Hum Lact 2013 29: 154-162.. 50.Merewood A. Stepping Up the Baby-Friendly NICU. ournal ofHuman Lactation 29(3) 287–288
There are 1 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | makale |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 30, 2016 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2016 Volume: 8 Issue: 2 |
