0-1 Age Vitamins in Infants,Mineral and Trace Element Support

Year 2018, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 1 - 6, 21.01.2018

Prof. Dr. Fahri Ovalı

Abstract

Abstract

Human milk is recommended as the exclusive nutrient source for infants duringthe first six months of life. Human milk should be continued along with complementary foods through 12 months of age, and subsequent breast feeding can continue depending on the mutual agreement between mother and infant. Human milk providesthe necessary nutrients for the fullterm infant, including energy, protein, lipid, carbohydrate, vitamin, mineral, and trace elements with two exceptions. Prophylactic vitamin K supplementation is given to newborns shortly after birth to prevent vitamin K deficiency related bleeding. Vitamin D supplementation is recommended for all infants, at a dose of 400 IU/day.Premature infants have greater nutritional needs to achieve optimal growth in theneonatal period than at any other time of their life for several reasons. Human milkis the preferred feeding for all infants, although supplementation with human milk fortifiers is required to meet the nutritional needs of premature newborns. They also need vitamin and trace element supplementation such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc,fluoride and copper.

Keywords

Newborn nutrition, humanmilk, vitamin, iron, zinc

0-1Yaş Bebeklerde Vitamin, Mineral ve Eser Element Desteği

Abstract

Öz

Bebeklerin doğumdan sonraki ilk 6 ayda mutlaka anne sütü ile beslenmeleri önemlidir. Daha sonra da 12. aya kadar anne sütü ile birlikte tamamlayıcı besinler başlanır. Bebeğin ve annenin durumuna göre anne sütüne daha sonra da devam edilebilir. Anne sütü, miadında doğan bir bebeğin enerji, protein, lipid, karbonhidrat, vitamin,mineral ve eser elementler dahil tüm ihtiyaçlarını karşılar. Ancak K vitamini eksikliğine bağlı kanamaları önlemek için doğumdan hemen sonra K vitamini verilir. Tümbebeklere ayrıca 400 ünite/gün D vitamini desteği yapılması gerekir. Prematüre bebeklerin optimal büyümelerinin sağlanabilmesi için daha fazla ve farklı besin ihtiyaçları vardır. Anne sütü prematüre bebekler için de optimal besin kaynağıdır ancak yeterli büyümenin sağlanabilmesi için anne sütünün güçlendirilmesi gerekir. Ayrıca vitaminler ile kalsiyum, fosfor, demir, çinko ve bakır gibi eser elementlerin de verilmesi gerekir.

Keywords

Yenidoğan beslenmesi, annesütü, vitamin, demir, çinko

References

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