Research Article
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INVESTIGATION OF BURNOUT AND PERFECTIONISM LEVELS OF PARENTS WITH CHILDREN AGED 0-18 DURING THE PANDEMIC

Year 2023, , 322 - 331, 25.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.35365/ctjpp.23.4.04

Abstract

Intruduction:Traumatic events that affect families psychologically and socially affect family relations and roles as well as the characteristics of the individuals that make up the family. Along with the pandemic process, family relations, family functions, family communication and roles have changed. For this reason, individuals in the family may face various mental problems. Parental burnout is the feeling of failure of the parents, the feeling of being worn out and the decrease in the power to take care of children. When parents experience a sense of burnout, they may react differently and experience psychological distress. One of these reactions is perfectionism. The main purpose of this study is to examine the burnout and perfectionism levels of parents with children aged -18 in the covid-19 pandemic according to demographic variables. Method: This research was carried out using the quantitative research method. The population of this research consists of parents who have children aged 0-18 living in the northern part of Cyprus. The participants were selected with random cluster sampling method. Participants consisted of a total of 117 parents. Three different data collection tools were employed in this study. The first of these was the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale and the second is Parental Burnout Assessment. Personal information form was also used to gather demographic information about the participants. All quantitative data collected through scales and forms were transferred to the SPSS program for analysis.Results: when the results are examined, In terms of age analysis, it suggests that there may be a relationship between age and parental burnout. Moreover, In this study, a significant relationship was found between the education level of the parents and the emotional distancing sub-dimension of the Parental Burnout Scale. Another finding shows that there is no wide difference in parenting level among parents of different marital status.The results are discussed on the basis of the literature.

Supporting Institution

YAKIN DOĞU ÜNİVERSİTESİ

Project Number

YDÜ/EB/2022/850

Thanks

.

References

  • Arikan, G., Üstündag-Budak, A. M., Akgün, E., Mikolajczak, M., & Roskam, I. (2020). Validation of the Turkish version of the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA). New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 174, 15–32. https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20375
  • Aydoğan, D., & Kızıldağ, S. (2017). Examination of relational resilience with couple burnout and spousal support in families with a disabled child. The Family Journal, 25(4), 407-413.
  • Baba, H., Igarashi, M., & Nakamura, Y. (2020). Age and burnout in Japanese mothers: A comparative study of mothers with preschool and school-aged children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(1), 235.
  • Başaran, M. & Aksoy, A.B. (2020). Parents' views on the family lives in the corona-virus (covid-19) outbreak process. International Journal of Social Studies, 13(71), 668-678.
  • CEPAL-UNESCO (2020). Education in the time of COVID-19. Geopolitica, 11, 11–13.
  • Chang, Y. H., Wang, Y. T., & Tsai, Y. L. (2019). The effect of family life cycle stages on parental burnout and parental support satisfaction. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 28(5), 1483-1492.
  • Childs, J. H., & Stoeber, J. (2010). Self-oriented, other-oriented, and socially prescribed perfectionism in employees: Relationships with burnout and engagement. Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health, 25(4), 269-281.
  • Cluver, L., Lacman, JM., Sherr, L., Wessels, I., Krug, E., Rakotomalala, S., Blight, S., Hillis, S., Bachman, G., Yeşil, O., Butchart, A., Tomlinson, M., Ward, CL., Doubt, J. ve McDonald, K. (2020). Parenting in a time of COVID-19. Lancet, 395:64.
  • Courtney, D., Watson, P., Battaglia, M., Mulsant, B. H., & Szatmari, P. (2020). COVID-19 Impacts on Child and Youth Anxiety and Depression: Challenges and Opportunities. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0706743720935646
  • Demirbaş, N. K., & Koçak, S. S. (2020). 2-6 yaş arasinda çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin bakiş açisiyla covid-19 salgin sürecinin değerlendirilmesi. Eurasian Social and Economic Studies Jounal, 7(6), 328-349.
  • Griffith, A. K. (2020). Parental burnout and child maltreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal Of Family Violence, 1-7.
  • Grzegorek, J., Slawinska, M., & Zawadzka, A. (2017). Perfectionism and burnout among parents of children with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 61(3), 199-208.
  • Gulkaya, S., & Sorakın, Y. (2021). Problems of children who need special education and their families during the COVID-19 pandemic process. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 16(5), 2781-2797.
  • Gündüz, B. (2005). İlköğretim öğretmenlerinde tükenmişlik. Mersin University Education Faculty Journal, 1(1), 152-166
  • Ha, J., Kim, Y., & Shin, D. (2020). The relationship between parental education and mental health status: The mediating role of parenting stress. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29(7), 1454-1463.
  • Han, J., & Ryu, E. (2019). The relationship between age and burnout in parents of children with developmental disabilities. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 44(3), 243-252.
  • Halbesleben, J. R. & Buckley, M. R. (2004). Burnout In Organizational Life. Psychology Press.
  • Hewitt, P. L., & Flett, G. L. (1991). Perfectionism in the self and social contexts: Conceptualization, assessment, and association with psychopathology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(3), 456-470.
  • Hewitt, P. L. & Flett, G. L. (1991). Perfectionism in the self and social contexts: conceptualization, assessment, and association with psychopathology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 456-470.
  • Hill, A. P., & Curran, T. (2016). Multidimensional perfectionism and burnout: A meta-analysis. Personality and social psychology review, 20(3), 269-288.
  • Huang, Y. J., Chen, Y. W., & Chen, H. W. (2020). The influence of family support and coping strategies on parental burnout in families with children with disabilities. Children and Youth Services Review, 115, 104960.
  • Jourdan, A., Wargny, M., & Rogemond, A. (2020). Parental burnout: A systematic review of the literature. European Psychiatry, 63, S339-S349.
  • Jowett, G. E., Hill, A. P., Hall, H. K., & Curran, T. (2016). Perfectionism, burnout and engagement in youth sport: The mediating role of basic psychological needs. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 24, 18-26.
  • Kara, F. & Çetin, M. (2018). Parental burnout, coping strategies, and coping resources of parents with children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 27(7), 2232-2241. Karasar, N. (2011). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
  • Kawamoto, T., Furutani, K., & Alimardani, M. (2018). Preliminary validation of Japanese version of the parental burnout inventory and its relationship with perfectionism. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 970.
  • Koçak, Z. ve Harmancı, H. (2020). Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde ailede ruh sağlığı. Karatay Journal of Social Research, (5), 183-207.
  • Kornienko, O., & Kim, J. (2017). Parental burnout and its predictors in Korean mothers and fathers of children with developmental disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 67, 31-40.
  • Kowalski, P., & Lori, A. (2015). The relationship between parental perfectionism and parental burnout. Current Psychology, 34(3), 288-298.
  • Lai, C. C., & Huang, H. L. (2018). Factors associated with parental burnout in families with
  • Maslach, C. & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal Of Organizational Behavior, 2(2), 99-113.
  • Mikolajczak, M., Brianda, M. E., Avalosse, H., & Roskam, I. (2018). Consequences of parental burnout: Its specific effect on child neglect and violence. Child Abuse & Neglect, 80, 134–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.03.025
  • Oral, M. (1999). The relationship between dimensions of perfectionism, stressful life events and depressive symptoms in university students, “a test of diathesis stress model of depression”. Unpublished Master Thesis. Ankara: Middle East Technical University, Institute of Social Sciences.
  • Parker, C., Scott, S., & Geddes, A. (2019). Snowball sampling. SAGE research methods foundations. Parker, W. D., Summerfeldt, L. J., Hogan, M. J., & Majumdar, M. (2004). The relationship of perfectionism to stress, coping, and well-being. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13(1), 49-52.
  • Ponto J. (2015). Understanding and Evaluating Survey Research. Journal of Advanced Practices in Oncology, 6(2), 168-71.
  • Roskam, I., Raes, M.‑E., & Mikolajczak, M. (2017). Exhausted Parents: Developmentand Preliminary Validation of the Parental Burnout Inventory. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 163.
  • Shafran, R., Cooper, Z., & Fairburn, C. G. (2002). Clinical perfectionism: A cognitive–behavioural analysis. Behaviour Research And Therapy, 40(7), 773-791.children with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A systematic review. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 78, 87-97.
  • Sorakın, Y. & Cerkez, Y. (2022). Father Education Program: An Experimental Study. Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry and Psychology, 4 (1), 75-83 DOI: 10.35365/ctjpp.22.1.08
  • Tuncer, B., & Voltan-Acar, N. (2006). Kaygı düzeyleri farklı üniversite hazırlık sınıfı öğrencilerinin mükemmeliyetçilik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Journal of Crisis,14(2), 1-15.
  • Yalçın, H.; Dai, H. & Erkoç, E. (2020). Parents’ emotional states at virus outbreak and their effects on children. Eurasian Journal of Social and Economic Studies,7(9), 128-142
  • Yıldız İ, Çıkrıkçılı U, Yüksel Ş. (2020). Karantinanın Ruhsal Etkileri ve Koruyucu Önlemler https://www.psikiyatri.org.tr/TPDData/Uploads/files/KarantinaCOVID.pdf.
  • Zhang, Y., & Chiang, H. L. (2016). Family and parental stress, depression, and burnout among Chinese immigrant parents of children with autism spectrum disorders in the United States. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(1), 129-140.

0-18 YAŞ ÇOCUĞU OLAN EBEVEYNLERİN PANDEMİ DÖNEMİNDE Tükenmişlik ve Mükemmeliyetçilik Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi

Year 2023, , 322 - 331, 25.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.35365/ctjpp.23.4.04

Abstract

Giriş: Aileleri psikolojik ve sosyal olarak etkileyen travmatik olaylar, aile ilişkilerini ve rollerini olduğu kadar aileyi oluşturan bireylerin özelliklerini de etkiler. Pandemi süreciyle birlikte aile ilişkileri, aile işlevleri, aile içi iletişim ve roller değişti. Bu nedenle aile içinde bireyler çeşitli ruhsal sorunlarla karşı karşıya kalabilirler. Ebeveyn tükenmişliği, ebeveynin kendini başarısız hissetmesi, kendini tükenmiş hissetmesi ve çocuklara bakma gücünün azalmasıdır. Ebeveynler tükenmişlik duygusu yaşadıklarında farklı tepkiler verebilir ve psikolojik sıkıntı yaşayabilirler. Bu tepkilerden biri de mükemmeliyetçiliktir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, covid-19 pandemisinde -18 yaş çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin tükenmişlik ve mükemmeliyetçilik düzeylerini demografik değişkenlere göre incelemektir. Yöntem: Bu araştırma nicel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu araştırmanın evrenini Kıbrıs'ın kuzeyinde yaşayan 0-18 yaş arası çocukları olan ebeveynler oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcılar tesadüfi küme örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilmiştir. Katılımcılar toplam 117 ebeveynden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada üç farklı veri toplama aracı kullanılmıştır. Bunlardan ilki Çok Boyutlu Mükemmeliyetçilik Ölçeği, ikincisi ise Ebeveyn Tükenmişliği Değerlendirmesidir. Katılımcılar hakkında demografik bilgileri toplamak için kişisel bilgi formu da kullanılmıştır. Ölçekler ve formlar aracılığıyla toplanan tüm nicel veriler analiz edilmek üzere SPSS programına aktarılmıştır. Bulgular: Sonuçlar incelendiğinde, yaş analizi açısından yaş ile ebeveyn tükenmişliği arasında bir ilişki olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Ayrıca bu çalışmada anne baba eğitim düzeyi ile Ebeveyn Tükenmişliği Ölçeği'nin duygusal uzaklaşma alt boyutu arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Başka bir bulgu, farklı medeni duruma sahip ebeveynler arasında ebeveynlik düzeyinde geniş bir fark olmadığını göstermektedir. Sonuçlar literatür temelinde tartışılmıştır.

Project Number

YDÜ/EB/2022/850

References

  • Arikan, G., Üstündag-Budak, A. M., Akgün, E., Mikolajczak, M., & Roskam, I. (2020). Validation of the Turkish version of the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA). New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 174, 15–32. https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20375
  • Aydoğan, D., & Kızıldağ, S. (2017). Examination of relational resilience with couple burnout and spousal support in families with a disabled child. The Family Journal, 25(4), 407-413.
  • Baba, H., Igarashi, M., & Nakamura, Y. (2020). Age and burnout in Japanese mothers: A comparative study of mothers with preschool and school-aged children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(1), 235.
  • Başaran, M. & Aksoy, A.B. (2020). Parents' views on the family lives in the corona-virus (covid-19) outbreak process. International Journal of Social Studies, 13(71), 668-678.
  • CEPAL-UNESCO (2020). Education in the time of COVID-19. Geopolitica, 11, 11–13.
  • Chang, Y. H., Wang, Y. T., & Tsai, Y. L. (2019). The effect of family life cycle stages on parental burnout and parental support satisfaction. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 28(5), 1483-1492.
  • Childs, J. H., & Stoeber, J. (2010). Self-oriented, other-oriented, and socially prescribed perfectionism in employees: Relationships with burnout and engagement. Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health, 25(4), 269-281.
  • Cluver, L., Lacman, JM., Sherr, L., Wessels, I., Krug, E., Rakotomalala, S., Blight, S., Hillis, S., Bachman, G., Yeşil, O., Butchart, A., Tomlinson, M., Ward, CL., Doubt, J. ve McDonald, K. (2020). Parenting in a time of COVID-19. Lancet, 395:64.
  • Courtney, D., Watson, P., Battaglia, M., Mulsant, B. H., & Szatmari, P. (2020). COVID-19 Impacts on Child and Youth Anxiety and Depression: Challenges and Opportunities. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0706743720935646
  • Demirbaş, N. K., & Koçak, S. S. (2020). 2-6 yaş arasinda çocuğu olan ebeveynlerin bakiş açisiyla covid-19 salgin sürecinin değerlendirilmesi. Eurasian Social and Economic Studies Jounal, 7(6), 328-349.
  • Griffith, A. K. (2020). Parental burnout and child maltreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal Of Family Violence, 1-7.
  • Grzegorek, J., Slawinska, M., & Zawadzka, A. (2017). Perfectionism and burnout among parents of children with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 61(3), 199-208.
  • Gulkaya, S., & Sorakın, Y. (2021). Problems of children who need special education and their families during the COVID-19 pandemic process. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 16(5), 2781-2797.
  • Gündüz, B. (2005). İlköğretim öğretmenlerinde tükenmişlik. Mersin University Education Faculty Journal, 1(1), 152-166
  • Ha, J., Kim, Y., & Shin, D. (2020). The relationship between parental education and mental health status: The mediating role of parenting stress. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29(7), 1454-1463.
  • Han, J., & Ryu, E. (2019). The relationship between age and burnout in parents of children with developmental disabilities. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 44(3), 243-252.
  • Halbesleben, J. R. & Buckley, M. R. (2004). Burnout In Organizational Life. Psychology Press.
  • Hewitt, P. L., & Flett, G. L. (1991). Perfectionism in the self and social contexts: Conceptualization, assessment, and association with psychopathology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(3), 456-470.
  • Hewitt, P. L. & Flett, G. L. (1991). Perfectionism in the self and social contexts: conceptualization, assessment, and association with psychopathology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 456-470.
  • Hill, A. P., & Curran, T. (2016). Multidimensional perfectionism and burnout: A meta-analysis. Personality and social psychology review, 20(3), 269-288.
  • Huang, Y. J., Chen, Y. W., & Chen, H. W. (2020). The influence of family support and coping strategies on parental burnout in families with children with disabilities. Children and Youth Services Review, 115, 104960.
  • Jourdan, A., Wargny, M., & Rogemond, A. (2020). Parental burnout: A systematic review of the literature. European Psychiatry, 63, S339-S349.
  • Jowett, G. E., Hill, A. P., Hall, H. K., & Curran, T. (2016). Perfectionism, burnout and engagement in youth sport: The mediating role of basic psychological needs. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 24, 18-26.
  • Kara, F. & Çetin, M. (2018). Parental burnout, coping strategies, and coping resources of parents with children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 27(7), 2232-2241. Karasar, N. (2011). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları.
  • Kawamoto, T., Furutani, K., & Alimardani, M. (2018). Preliminary validation of Japanese version of the parental burnout inventory and its relationship with perfectionism. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 970.
  • Koçak, Z. ve Harmancı, H. (2020). Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde ailede ruh sağlığı. Karatay Journal of Social Research, (5), 183-207.
  • Kornienko, O., & Kim, J. (2017). Parental burnout and its predictors in Korean mothers and fathers of children with developmental disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 67, 31-40.
  • Kowalski, P., & Lori, A. (2015). The relationship between parental perfectionism and parental burnout. Current Psychology, 34(3), 288-298.
  • Lai, C. C., & Huang, H. L. (2018). Factors associated with parental burnout in families with
  • Maslach, C. & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal Of Organizational Behavior, 2(2), 99-113.
  • Mikolajczak, M., Brianda, M. E., Avalosse, H., & Roskam, I. (2018). Consequences of parental burnout: Its specific effect on child neglect and violence. Child Abuse & Neglect, 80, 134–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.03.025
  • Oral, M. (1999). The relationship between dimensions of perfectionism, stressful life events and depressive symptoms in university students, “a test of diathesis stress model of depression”. Unpublished Master Thesis. Ankara: Middle East Technical University, Institute of Social Sciences.
  • Parker, C., Scott, S., & Geddes, A. (2019). Snowball sampling. SAGE research methods foundations. Parker, W. D., Summerfeldt, L. J., Hogan, M. J., & Majumdar, M. (2004). The relationship of perfectionism to stress, coping, and well-being. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13(1), 49-52.
  • Ponto J. (2015). Understanding and Evaluating Survey Research. Journal of Advanced Practices in Oncology, 6(2), 168-71.
  • Roskam, I., Raes, M.‑E., & Mikolajczak, M. (2017). Exhausted Parents: Developmentand Preliminary Validation of the Parental Burnout Inventory. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 163.
  • Shafran, R., Cooper, Z., & Fairburn, C. G. (2002). Clinical perfectionism: A cognitive–behavioural analysis. Behaviour Research And Therapy, 40(7), 773-791.children with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A systematic review. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 78, 87-97.
  • Sorakın, Y. & Cerkez, Y. (2022). Father Education Program: An Experimental Study. Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry and Psychology, 4 (1), 75-83 DOI: 10.35365/ctjpp.22.1.08
  • Tuncer, B., & Voltan-Acar, N. (2006). Kaygı düzeyleri farklı üniversite hazırlık sınıfı öğrencilerinin mükemmeliyetçilik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Journal of Crisis,14(2), 1-15.
  • Yalçın, H.; Dai, H. & Erkoç, E. (2020). Parents’ emotional states at virus outbreak and their effects on children. Eurasian Journal of Social and Economic Studies,7(9), 128-142
  • Yıldız İ, Çıkrıkçılı U, Yüksel Ş. (2020). Karantinanın Ruhsal Etkileri ve Koruyucu Önlemler https://www.psikiyatri.org.tr/TPDData/Uploads/files/KarantinaCOVID.pdf.
  • Zhang, Y., & Chiang, H. L. (2016). Family and parental stress, depression, and burnout among Chinese immigrant parents of children with autism spectrum disorders in the United States. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(1), 129-140.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Psychology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Yagmur Cerkez 0000-0002-3379-1035

Yasemin Sorakın 0000-0003-4041-7903

Project Number YDÜ/EB/2022/850
Publication Date December 25, 2023
Acceptance Date September 13, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Cerkez, Y., & Sorakın, Y. (2023). INVESTIGATION OF BURNOUT AND PERFECTIONISM LEVELS OF PARENTS WITH CHILDREN AGED 0-18 DURING THE PANDEMIC. Kıbrıs Türk Psikiyatri Ve Psikoloji Dergisi, 5(4), 322-331. https://doi.org/10.35365/ctjpp.23.4.04