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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in the Treatment of Psychotic Disorders: A Systematic Review

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 317 - 325, 27.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.35365/ctjpp.25.3.12

Abstract

The aim of this review study is to examine the use of Cognitive Behavioural therapy in individuals with psychosis. In this study, the systematic review method was used and no field study or any scale was used. The studies in Turkish and English languages are between the years 2010-2024. These studies consist of randomised controlled trials and review articles. As a result of the literature review, 12 studies were analysed. As a result of these 12 studies, it was seen that cognitive behavioural therapy is an effective method in terms of increasing compliance with therapy and accelerating recovery and achieving results in a short time. Cognitive behavioural therapy was found to reduce the symptoms to a great extent in individuals with psychosis. For this reason, cognitive behavioural therapy is an effective method in the treatment of psychosis.

References

  • Aktay, M., & Sayar, G. H. (2021). Psychosocial Aspect of Psychiatric Disorders. Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psyc
  • Addington, J., Epstein, I., Liu, L., French, P., Boyd ell, K. M., & Zipursky, R. B. (2011). A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis. Schizophrenia Research, 125(1), 54-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2010.10.015
  • Agbor, C., Kaur, G., Soomro, F. M., Eche, V. C., Urhi, A., Ayisire, O. E., & Anugwom, G. O. (2022). The role of cognitive behavioral therapy in the management of psychosis. Cureus, 14(9). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.28884
  • Arciniegas D. B. (2015). Psychosis. Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.), 21(3 Behavioral Neurology and Neuropsychiatry), 715–736. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.CON.0000466662.89908.e7
  • Avasthi, A., Sahoo, S., & Grover, S. (2020). Clinical practice guidelines for cognitive behavioral therapy for psychotic disorders. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 62(Suppl 2), S251-S262. https://doi.org/10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_774_19
  • Brasso, C., Giordano, B., Badino, C., Bellino, S., Bozzatello, P., Montemagni, C., & Rocca, P. (2021). Primary psychosis: risk and protective factors and early detection of the onset. Diagnostics, 11(11), 2146. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11112146
  • Casetta, C., Kępińska, A. P., Stilo, S. A., & Murray, R. M. (2024). Causes and Outcome of Psychosis. In D. Kingdon, P. Rowlands, & G. Stein (Eds.), Seminars in General Adult Psychiatry (pp. 224–240). Chapter, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781911623854.
  • Colijn, M. A., Nitta, B. H., & Grossberg, G. T. (2015). Psychosis in Later Life: A Review and Update. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 23(5), 354–367. https://doi.org/10.1097/HRP.0000000000000068
  • Çelikel, E. D., & Karaaziz, M. (2025). Sosyal Kaygı Bozukluğunda Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi: Bir Vaka Sunumu. European Archives of Social Sciences, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.35365/eass.25.2.07
  • Dissaux, N., Neyme, P., Kim-Dufor, D. H., Lavenne-Collot, N., Marsh, J. J., Berrouiguet, S., & Lemey, C. (2023). Psychosis Caused by a Somatic Condition: How to Make the Diagnosis? A Systematic Literature Review. Children, 10(9), 1439. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10091439
  • Freeman, D., Emsley, R., Diamond, R., Collett, N., Bold, E., Chadwick, E., & Twivy, E. (2021). Comparison of a theoretically driven cognitive therapy (the Feeling Safe Programme) with befriending for the treatment of persistent persecutory delusions: a parallel, single-blind, randomised controlled trial. The Lancet Psychiatry, 8(8), 696-707. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00158-9
  • Freeman, D. (2024). Developing psychological treatments for psychosis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 224(5), 147-149. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.5
  • Gaebel, W., & Zielasek, J. (2015). Focus on psychosis. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 17(1), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.31887/DCNS.2015.17.1/wgaebel
  • González-Ortega, I., Echeburúa, E., Alberich, S., Bernardo, M., Vieta, E., de Pablo, G. S., & González-Pinto, A. (2022). Cognitive behavioral therapy program for cannabis use cessation in first-episode psychosis patients: a 1-year randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(12), 7325. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127325
  • Gökkaya, F., Zorluoğlu, E., Işık, İ., Önkür, B., Bozdemir, T., Kızıltan, R., & Deniz, C. (2020). Türkiye’de Bilişsel Davranışçı Grup Terapisi, Psikodrama ve Sanat Terapisi Kullanılarak Yapılmış Etkililik Çalışmalarının İncelenmesi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 12(2), 258-273. https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.569156
  • Guaiana, G., Abbatecola, M., Aali, G., Tarantino, F., Ebuenyi, I. D., Lucarini, V., & Pinto, A. (2022). Cognitive behavioural therapy (group) for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (7). Cognitive behavioural therapy (group) for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (7). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009608.pub2
  • Johannessen, J. O., & Joa, I. (2021). Modern understanding of psychosis: from brain disease to stress disorder. And some other important aspects of psychosis…. Psychosis, 13(4), 289-301. https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2021.1985162
  • Justo-Nunez, M., Morris, L., & Berry, K. (2024). The revised Psychosis Attachment Measure: further psychometric evidence. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-024-02624-2
  • Kart, A., Özdel, K., & Türkçapar, M. H. (2021). Şizofreni tedavisinde bilişsel davranışçı terapi. Nöropsikiatri Arşivi, 58, 61-65. https://doi.org/10.29399/npa.27418
  • Kingdon, D. (2024, April). Psychosocial Management of Psychosis. In Seminars in General Adult Psychiatry (p. 282). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781911623861.013.
  • Lepage, M., Bowie, C. R., Montreuil, T., Baer, L., Percie du Sert, O., Lecomte, T., Joober, R., Abdel-Baki, A., Jarvis, G. E., Margolese, H. C., De Benedictis, L., Schmitz, N., & Malla, A. K. (2023). Manualized group cognitive behavioral therapy for social anxiety in first-episode psychosis: a randomized controlled trial. Psychological Medicine, 53(8), 3335–3344. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721005328
  • Liu, Y., Yang, X., Gillespie, A., Guo, Z., Ma, Y., Chen, R., & Li, Z. (2019). Targeting relapse prevention and positive symptom in first-episode schizophrenia using brief cognitive behavioral therapy: a pilot randomized controlled study. Psychiatry Research, 272, 275-283 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.130 .
  • Pollock, A., & Berge, E. (2018). How to do a systematic review. International Journal of Stroke, 13(2), 138-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.130
  • Pos, K., Franke, N., Smit, F., Wijnen, B. F., Staring, A. B., Van der Gaag, M & Schirmbeck, F. (2019). Cognitive behavioral therapy for social activation in recent-onset psychosis: Randomized controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 87(2), 151. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/ccp0000362
  • Pozza, A., & Dèttore, D. (2020). Modular cognitive‐behavioral therapy for affective symptoms in young individuals at ultra‐high risk of first episode of psychosis: Randomized controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 76(3), 392-405. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22901
  • Sarıgül, Z., & Karaaziz, M. (2024). Beden Dismorfik Bozukluğunun Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi Yöntemi ile Tedavisinin: Beden Dismorfik Bozukluğu. European Archives of Social Sciences, 1(2). https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0085-612X
  • Seyedsalehi, A., & Lennox, B. (2023). Predictive tools in psychosis: what is ‘good enough’?. Nature Reviews Neurology, 19(4), 191-192. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-023-00787-1
  • Sheaves, B., Holmes, E. A., Rek, S., Taylor, K. M., Nickless, A., Waite, F., Germain, A., Sitko, K., Bewick, B. M., Owens, D., & Masterson, C. (2020). Meta-analysis and meta-regression of cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosis (CBTp) across time: the effectiveness of CBTp has improved for delusions. Schizophrenia Bulletin Open, 1(1), sgaa023. https://doi.org/10.1093/schizbullopen/sgaa023
  • Sönmez N, Romm KL, Østefjells T, Grande M, Jensen LH, Hummelen B, Tesli M, Melle I, Røssberg JI. Cognitive behavior therapy in early psychosis with a focus on depression and low self-esteem: A randomized controlled trial. Compr Psychiatry. 2020 Feb;97:152157. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152157. Epub 2019 Dec 26. PMID: 31935529
  • Unutmaz, M., & Kurt, N. G. (2024). Psikozlar. Turkiye Klinikleri Emergency Medicine-Special Topics, 10(3), 64-70. ISBN: 978-625-395-648-6
  • Varese, F., Douglas, M., Dudley, R., Bowe, S., Christodoulides, T., Common, S., & Turkington, D. (2021). Targeting dissociation using cognitive behavioural therapy in voice hearers with psychosis and a history of interpersonal trauma: A case series. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 94(2), 247-265. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12304

Psikotik Bozuklukların Tedavisinde Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi: Sistematik Derleme

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 317 - 325, 27.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.35365/ctjpp.25.3.12

Abstract

Bu derleme çalışmasının amacı psikoz yaşayan bireylerde Bilişsel Davranışçı terapisi kullanımını incelemektir. Yapılan bu çalışmada sistematik derleme yöntemi kullanılmış olup saha çalışması ya da herhangi bir ölçek kullanılmamıştır. Türkçe ve İngilizce dillerinden ele alınan çalışmalar 2010-2024 yılları arasındadır. Bu çalışmalar randomize kontrollü çalışma ve derleme makalelerinden oluşmaktadır. Yapılan literatür taraması sonucunda 12 çalışma ele alınmıştır. Ele alınan bu 12 çalışma sonucunda Bilişsel davranışçı terapinin terapiye uyumu arttırıcı ve iyileşmeyi hızlandıran bir terapi yöntemi ve kısa süre içerisinde sonuca ulaşabilme yönünden etkin bir yöntem olduğu görülmüştür. Psikoz yaşayan bireylerde bilişsel davranışçı terapi uygulandıktan sonra belirtilerin büyük oranda azaldığı bulunmuştur. Bu sebeple de Psikoz tedavisinde bilişsel davranışçı terapi etkili bir yöntemdir.

Ethical Statement

Bu tezin içinde sunduğum verileri, bilgileri ve belgeleri akademik ve etik kurallar çerçevesinde elde ettiğimi; tüm bilgi, belge, değerlendirme ve sonuçlan bilimsel etik ve ahlak kurallarına uygun olarak sunduğumu; çalışmada bana ait olmayan tüm veri, düşünce, sonuç ve bilgilere bilimsel etik kurallar gereği olarak eksiksiz şekilde uygun atıf yaptığımı ve kaynak göstererek belirttiğimi beyan ederim.

Supporting Institution

Yakındoğıu Üniversitesi

Thanks

Bu tez çalışmamda desteklerinden dolayı sayın tez danışmanım, kıymetli hocam Doç. Dr. Meryem KARAAZİZ’ e çok teşekkür ederim

References

  • Aktay, M., & Sayar, G. H. (2021). Psychosocial Aspect of Psychiatric Disorders. Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psyc
  • Addington, J., Epstein, I., Liu, L., French, P., Boyd ell, K. M., & Zipursky, R. B. (2011). A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis. Schizophrenia Research, 125(1), 54-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2010.10.015
  • Agbor, C., Kaur, G., Soomro, F. M., Eche, V. C., Urhi, A., Ayisire, O. E., & Anugwom, G. O. (2022). The role of cognitive behavioral therapy in the management of psychosis. Cureus, 14(9). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.28884
  • Arciniegas D. B. (2015). Psychosis. Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.), 21(3 Behavioral Neurology and Neuropsychiatry), 715–736. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.CON.0000466662.89908.e7
  • Avasthi, A., Sahoo, S., & Grover, S. (2020). Clinical practice guidelines for cognitive behavioral therapy for psychotic disorders. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 62(Suppl 2), S251-S262. https://doi.org/10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_774_19
  • Brasso, C., Giordano, B., Badino, C., Bellino, S., Bozzatello, P., Montemagni, C., & Rocca, P. (2021). Primary psychosis: risk and protective factors and early detection of the onset. Diagnostics, 11(11), 2146. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11112146
  • Casetta, C., Kępińska, A. P., Stilo, S. A., & Murray, R. M. (2024). Causes and Outcome of Psychosis. In D. Kingdon, P. Rowlands, & G. Stein (Eds.), Seminars in General Adult Psychiatry (pp. 224–240). Chapter, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781911623854.
  • Colijn, M. A., Nitta, B. H., & Grossberg, G. T. (2015). Psychosis in Later Life: A Review and Update. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 23(5), 354–367. https://doi.org/10.1097/HRP.0000000000000068
  • Çelikel, E. D., & Karaaziz, M. (2025). Sosyal Kaygı Bozukluğunda Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi: Bir Vaka Sunumu. European Archives of Social Sciences, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.35365/eass.25.2.07
  • Dissaux, N., Neyme, P., Kim-Dufor, D. H., Lavenne-Collot, N., Marsh, J. J., Berrouiguet, S., & Lemey, C. (2023). Psychosis Caused by a Somatic Condition: How to Make the Diagnosis? A Systematic Literature Review. Children, 10(9), 1439. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10091439
  • Freeman, D., Emsley, R., Diamond, R., Collett, N., Bold, E., Chadwick, E., & Twivy, E. (2021). Comparison of a theoretically driven cognitive therapy (the Feeling Safe Programme) with befriending for the treatment of persistent persecutory delusions: a parallel, single-blind, randomised controlled trial. The Lancet Psychiatry, 8(8), 696-707. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00158-9
  • Freeman, D. (2024). Developing psychological treatments for psychosis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 224(5), 147-149. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2024.5
  • Gaebel, W., & Zielasek, J. (2015). Focus on psychosis. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 17(1), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.31887/DCNS.2015.17.1/wgaebel
  • González-Ortega, I., Echeburúa, E., Alberich, S., Bernardo, M., Vieta, E., de Pablo, G. S., & González-Pinto, A. (2022). Cognitive behavioral therapy program for cannabis use cessation in first-episode psychosis patients: a 1-year randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(12), 7325. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127325
  • Gökkaya, F., Zorluoğlu, E., Işık, İ., Önkür, B., Bozdemir, T., Kızıltan, R., & Deniz, C. (2020). Türkiye’de Bilişsel Davranışçı Grup Terapisi, Psikodrama ve Sanat Terapisi Kullanılarak Yapılmış Etkililik Çalışmalarının İncelenmesi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 12(2), 258-273. https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.569156
  • Guaiana, G., Abbatecola, M., Aali, G., Tarantino, F., Ebuenyi, I. D., Lucarini, V., & Pinto, A. (2022). Cognitive behavioural therapy (group) for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (7). Cognitive behavioural therapy (group) for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (7). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009608.pub2
  • Johannessen, J. O., & Joa, I. (2021). Modern understanding of psychosis: from brain disease to stress disorder. And some other important aspects of psychosis…. Psychosis, 13(4), 289-301. https://doi.org/10.1080/17522439.2021.1985162
  • Justo-Nunez, M., Morris, L., & Berry, K. (2024). The revised Psychosis Attachment Measure: further psychometric evidence. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-024-02624-2
  • Kart, A., Özdel, K., & Türkçapar, M. H. (2021). Şizofreni tedavisinde bilişsel davranışçı terapi. Nöropsikiatri Arşivi, 58, 61-65. https://doi.org/10.29399/npa.27418
  • Kingdon, D. (2024, April). Psychosocial Management of Psychosis. In Seminars in General Adult Psychiatry (p. 282). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781911623861.013.
  • Lepage, M., Bowie, C. R., Montreuil, T., Baer, L., Percie du Sert, O., Lecomte, T., Joober, R., Abdel-Baki, A., Jarvis, G. E., Margolese, H. C., De Benedictis, L., Schmitz, N., & Malla, A. K. (2023). Manualized group cognitive behavioral therapy for social anxiety in first-episode psychosis: a randomized controlled trial. Psychological Medicine, 53(8), 3335–3344. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721005328
  • Liu, Y., Yang, X., Gillespie, A., Guo, Z., Ma, Y., Chen, R., & Li, Z. (2019). Targeting relapse prevention and positive symptom in first-episode schizophrenia using brief cognitive behavioral therapy: a pilot randomized controlled study. Psychiatry Research, 272, 275-283 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.130 .
  • Pollock, A., & Berge, E. (2018). How to do a systematic review. International Journal of Stroke, 13(2), 138-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.130
  • Pos, K., Franke, N., Smit, F., Wijnen, B. F., Staring, A. B., Van der Gaag, M & Schirmbeck, F. (2019). Cognitive behavioral therapy for social activation in recent-onset psychosis: Randomized controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 87(2), 151. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/ccp0000362
  • Pozza, A., & Dèttore, D. (2020). Modular cognitive‐behavioral therapy for affective symptoms in young individuals at ultra‐high risk of first episode of psychosis: Randomized controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 76(3), 392-405. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22901
  • Sarıgül, Z., & Karaaziz, M. (2024). Beden Dismorfik Bozukluğunun Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi Yöntemi ile Tedavisinin: Beden Dismorfik Bozukluğu. European Archives of Social Sciences, 1(2). https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0085-612X
  • Seyedsalehi, A., & Lennox, B. (2023). Predictive tools in psychosis: what is ‘good enough’?. Nature Reviews Neurology, 19(4), 191-192. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-023-00787-1
  • Sheaves, B., Holmes, E. A., Rek, S., Taylor, K. M., Nickless, A., Waite, F., Germain, A., Sitko, K., Bewick, B. M., Owens, D., & Masterson, C. (2020). Meta-analysis and meta-regression of cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosis (CBTp) across time: the effectiveness of CBTp has improved for delusions. Schizophrenia Bulletin Open, 1(1), sgaa023. https://doi.org/10.1093/schizbullopen/sgaa023
  • Sönmez N, Romm KL, Østefjells T, Grande M, Jensen LH, Hummelen B, Tesli M, Melle I, Røssberg JI. Cognitive behavior therapy in early psychosis with a focus on depression and low self-esteem: A randomized controlled trial. Compr Psychiatry. 2020 Feb;97:152157. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152157. Epub 2019 Dec 26. PMID: 31935529
  • Unutmaz, M., & Kurt, N. G. (2024). Psikozlar. Turkiye Klinikleri Emergency Medicine-Special Topics, 10(3), 64-70. ISBN: 978-625-395-648-6
  • Varese, F., Douglas, M., Dudley, R., Bowe, S., Christodoulides, T., Common, S., & Turkington, D. (2021). Targeting dissociation using cognitive behavioural therapy in voice hearers with psychosis and a history of interpersonal trauma: A case series. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 94(2), 247-265. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12304
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Psychotherapy Practise and Research
Journal Section Review
Authors

Deniz Kılıç 0009-0007-5113-8201

Meryem Karaaziz 0000-0002-0085-612X

Publication Date September 27, 2025
Submission Date July 28, 2024
Acceptance Date June 26, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 7 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kılıç, D., & Karaaziz, M. (2025). Psikotik Bozuklukların Tedavisinde Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi: Sistematik Derleme. Kıbrıs Türk Psikiyatri Ve Psikoloji Dergisi, 7(3), 317-325. https://doi.org/10.35365/ctjpp.25.3.12