Luviler ve Aramiler Arasındaki Dinsel Etkileşim

Year 2021, Issue: 11, 113 - 126, 10.12.2021

Kürşat Bardakcı

https://doi.org/10.46250/kulturder.1009769

Abstract

Antik Çağ’da kendilerine özgü dilleriyle ön plana çıkan iki halk: Luviler ve Aramiler. Farklı köken ve kültüre sahip bu iki halk, M.Ö. 10. yüzyılda Kuzey Suriye’de karşılaşmışlardır. Bu iki halk söz konusu bölgede çatışma yerine birlikte yaşamayı tercih etmişlerdir. Luviler ve Aramiler, Geç-Hitit beylikleri olarak bilinen siyasi birimlerde Asur Devleti’ne karşı çoğunlukla beraber hareket etmişlerdir. Aramiler, bu bölgede Hiyeroglif Luviceyi benimseyerek, özellikle anıtsal yapılarda kullanmışlardır. Çünkü bu dönemde kalıcı olması istenen metinlerin anıtsal yapılara aktarılması için en uygun yazı Hiyeroglif Luviceydi. Benzer şekilde Aramice de Luviler aracılığıyla Yunan dünyasına ulaşmıştır. Böylece Aramice, özellikle ticari ilişkilerde farklı toplulukların ortak anlaşma dili olmuştur. Dilin yayıldığı bir yerde kültürel etkileşimlerin yaşanması kaçınılmazdır. Nitekim Arami Ay kültü Sin, Luviler arasında çok popüler bir kült haline gelmiştir. Hatta Arami Ay kültü Sin, Luvi Ay kültü Arma’yı geride bırakmıştır. Bunun dışında Luvi kültleri Tarhu ve Runta ile Arami kültleri Hadad ve Rešeph birbirlerinin muadili olarak görülmektedir.

Keywords

Luviler, Aramiler, Kuzey Suriye, Geç Hititler, dini etkileşim

The Religious Interactions between the Luwians and Arameans

Abstract

Two peoples that stood out with their unique languages in ancient history: Luwian and Arameans. These two peoples with different cultures and origins meet in Northern Syria in the 10th century BC. They mostly acted together against the Assyrian state in the political units known as the Neo-Hittite principalities. Luwians and Arameans decide to live together in this geography rather than conflict. By adopting the Hieroglyphic Luwian, the Arameans used this language especially in monumental buildings. Because, Hieroglyphic Luwian was the most suitable writing for transferring the texts that were desired to be permanent to monumental structures. Similarly, Aramaic reached the Greek world through the Luwians. Thus, Aramaic language has been the common language of agreement of different communities, especially in commercial relations. It is inevitable to experience cultural interactions in the geography where the language spreads. As a matter of fact, the Aramean Moon cult Sin became a very popular cult among the Luwians. Even, the Aramean cult of Sin surpassed the Luwian cult of the Moon, Arma. Apart from this, Luwian cults Tarhu and Runta and Aramaic cults Hadad and Rešeph are seen as equivalents of each other.

Keywords

Luwians, Arameans, Northern Syria, Neo-Hittites, religious interaction

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