TASARRUF ETME DAVRANIŞININ ALTINDA YATAN PSİKOLOJİK FARKLILIKLAR

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 162 - 179, 31.12.2022

Türkay Şahin , Tuna Cakar , Seyit Ertuğrul , Cem Yigman

https://doi.org/10.48066/kusob.1026601

Öz

Bireyler, psikolojik özelliklere bağlı olarak para idaresi davranışları bakımından farklılaşırlar. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, Türkiye’de yer alan bir faktoring firması bünyesinde geliştirilen kredi risk değerlendirme modeline katkıda bulunmaktı. Bu amaçla, kişilik özellikleri, benlik saygısı, materyal ve paraya atfedilen değer, kompülsif ve anlık satın alım yatkınlıkları, öz-kontrolün farklı boyutları ve dürtüsellik değişkenini kullanarak bu araştırmayı yürüttük. İstatistiksel analizler, düzenli olarak bir miktar tasarruf eden ve etmeyen insanlar arasında ortalama anlık satın alım, kompülsif satın alım, dürtüsellik, elde tutma-zaman ve dışadönüklük farklılıkları olduğunu gösterdi. Ayrıca, binary lojistik regresyon modeli, elde tutma-zaman, dürtüsellik, dışadönüklük, uyumluluk ve yaşantısal öz-kontrol değişkenlerinin tasarruf eden ve etmeyen insanları anlamlı bir şekilde ayırabildiğini gösterdi. Bazı t-test ve regresyon sonuçları şaşırtıcıydı; dolayısıyla, bu sonuçlar katılımcıların sahip oldukları finansal özellikler yardımıyla tartışma kısmında açıklanacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Para idaresi, finansal davranış, tasarruf etme davranışı, kişilik, faktoring

Destekleyen Kurum

MEF Üniversitesi

Proje Numarası

E-47749665-050.01.04-893

UNDERPINNINGS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES FROM THE POINT OF SAVING BEHAVIOR

Öz

Individuals differ in terms of money management behaviors based on psychological characteristics. The main purpose of conducting research is to contribute to the development of a new credit risk assessment model to be used by a factoring firm, located in Turkey. For this reason, we conducted this research, using surveys related to personality traits, self-esteem, the value attributed to the materials and money, compulsive and impulsive buying tendencies, different aspects of self-control, and impulsiveness. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences between the individuals who save regularly and those who do not in terms of average impulsive buying, compulsive buying, impulsivity, retention-time, and extraversion scores. Also, the binary logistic model showed that time-retention, impulsivity, extraversion, agreeableness, and experiential self-control can successfully discriminate savers and non-savers. Some t-test and regression results were surprising; thus, these results will be evaluated through financial features of the participants in the discussion part.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Money management, financial behavior, saving behavior, personality, factoring

Proje Numarası

E-47749665-050.01.04-893

Kaynakça

• Abrantes-Braga, F. D. M., & Veludo-de-Oliveira, T. (2020). Help me, I can’t afford it! Antecedents and consequence of risky indebtedness behaviour. European Journal of Marketing, 54(9), 2223-2244. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-06-2019-0455
• Alemis, M. C. & Yap, K. (2013). The Role of Negative Urgency Impulsivity and Financial Management Practices in Compulsive Buying. Australian Journal of Psychology, 65(4), 224-231. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12025
• Ariffin, M. R., Sulong, Z., & Abdullah, A. (2017). Otudents’ Perception Towards Financial Literacy and Saving Behaviour. World Applied Sciences Journal, 35(10), 2194-2201.
• Babiarz, P., & Robb, C. A. (2013). Financial Literacy and Emergency Saving. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 35(1), 40–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-013-9369-9
• Cyders, M. A., Smith, G. T., Spillane, N. S., Fischer, S., Annus, A. M., & Peterson, C. (2007). Integration of impulsivity and positive mood to predict risky behavior: Development and validation of a measure of positive urgency. Psychological Assessment, 19(1), 107–118. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.19.1.107
• Donnelly, G., Iyer, R., & Howell, R. T. (2012). The Big Five Personality Traits, Materialism Values, and Financial Well-Being of Self-Described Money Managers. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33(6), 1129-1142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2012.08.001
• Duyan, V., Gülden, Ç., & Gelbal, S. (2012). Self-Control Scale – SCS: Reliability and Validity Study. Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet, 23(1), 19-30. Faber, R. J. & O’Guinn, T. C. (1992). A Clinical Screener for Compulsive Buying. Journal of Consumer Research, 19(3), 459-469. https://doi.org/10.1086/209315
• Flores, S. A. M. & Vieira, K. M. (2014). Propensity toward indebtedness: An analysis using behavioral factors. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 3, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbef.2014.05.001
• Gathergood, J. (2012). Self-control, financial literacy and consumer over-indebtedness. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33(3), 590–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2011.11.006
• Goldberg, L. R. (1992). The Development of Markers for the Big-Five Factor Structure. Psychological Assessment, 4(1), 26-42. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.4.1.26
• Güleç, H., Tamam, L., Güleç, M. Y., Turhan, M., Karakuş, G., Zengin, M., & Stanford, M. S. (2008). Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11. Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 18(4), 251-258.
• Güler, E. & Tunahan, H. (2017). Finansal Okuryazarlık: Hane Halkı Üzerine Bir Araştırma. İşletme Bilimi Dergisi, 5(3), 79-104. https://doi.org/10.22139/jobs.323261
• Hayhoe, C. R., Cho, S. H., DeVaney, S. A., Worthy, S. L., Kim, J., & Gorham, E. (2012). How Do Distrust and Anxiety Affect Saving Behavior?. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 41(1), 69-85. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-3934.2012.02129.x
• Juen, T. T., Sabri, M. F., Rahim, H. A., Othman, M. A., & Arif, A. M. M. (2013). The Influence of Financial Knowledge, Financial Practices and Self-Esteem on Money Management Skills of Young Adults, Malaysian Journal of Youth Studies. 9, 23-37.
• Kidwell, B., Brinberg, D., & Turrisi, R. (2006). Determinants of Money Management Behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33(6), 1244-1260. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2003.tb01948.x
• Nyhus, E. K. & Webley, P. (2001). The Role of Personality in Household Saving and Borrowing Behaviour. European Journal of Personality, 15(S1), 85-103. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.422
• Okutan, S., Bora, B., & Altunışık, R. (2013). Keşifsel Satın Alma Eğilimleri ve Bu Eğilimlerin Plansız, Kompülsif ve Hedonik Satın Alma Tarzlarıyla Olan İlişkisinin İncelenmesi. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 8(3), 117-136.
• Özgüngör, S., & Paksu, A. D. (2017). Üniversite öğrencilerinde benlik saygısı düzeyine göre akademik başarıyı yordayan değişkenler. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 7(48), 111-125.
• Patton, J. H., Stanford, M. S., & Barratt, E. S. (1995). Factor Structure of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 51(6), 768-774. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199511)51:6<768::AID-JCLP2270510607>3.0.CO;2-1
• Pektas Erdem, B. (2020). Turkiye’de Hanehalki Tasarruflarinin Belirleyicileri. Research and Monetary Policy Department, Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey.
• Richins, M. L. & Dawson, S. (1992). A Consumer Values Orientation for Materialism and Its Measurement: Scale Development and Validation. Journal of Consumer Research, 19(3), 303-316. https://doi.org/10.1086/209304
• Rook, D. W. & Fisher, R. J. (1995). Normative Influences on Impulsive Buying Behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 22(3), 305-313. https://doi.org/10.1086/209452
• Rosenbaum, M. (1980). A Schedule for Assessing Self-Control Behaviors: Preliminary Findings. Behavior Therapy, 11(1), 109-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894(80)80040-2
• Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the Adolescent Self-Image. Princeton University Press.
• Silvera, D. H., Lavack, A. M., & Kropp, F. (2008). Impulse buying: The role of affect, social influence, and subjective wellbeing. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 25(1), 23-33. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760810845381
• Strömbäck, C., Lind, T., Skagerlund, K., Västfjäll, D., & Tinghög, G. (2017). Does Self-Control Predict Financial Behavior and Financial Well-Being? Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 14, 30-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbef.2017.04.002
• Süer, Ö., Baklacı, H. F., & Kocaer, E. (2017). Impact of Money Attitude on Career Goals: A Survey on Undergraduate Students. Ege Academic Review, 17(4), 527-537.
• Tang, N. & Baker, A. (2016). Self-Esteem, Financial Knowledge and Financial Behavior. Journal of Economic Psychology, 54, 164–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2016.04.005
• Tatar, A. (2017). Büyük Beş-50 Kişilik Testinin Türkçeye Çevirisi ve Beş Faktör Kişilik Envanteri Kısa Formu ile Karşılaştırılması. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 18(1), 51-61.
• World Bank. (2013, September 26). Financial literacy diagnostic surveys 2008 and 2009 (Panel). https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/1028
• Ünal, S. & Aslay, F. (2013). Materyalizmin Statü Tüketimini Üzerindeki Etkisini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 27(2), 43-62.
• Van Rooij, M. C. J., Lusardi, A., & Alessie, R. J. M. (2012). Financial Literacy, Retirement Planning and Household Wealth. The Economic Journal, 122(560), 449-478. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2012.02501.x
• Wang, J., & Xiao, J. J. (2009). Buying behavior, social support and credit card indebtedness of college students. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 33(1), 2–10. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2008.00719.x
• Watson, J. J. (2003). The Relationship of Materialism to Spending Tendencies, Saving, and Debt. Journal of Economic Psychology, 24(6), 723-739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2003.06.001
• Widyastuti, U., Suhud, U., & Sumiati, A. (2016). The Impact of Financial Literacy on Student Teachers’ Saving Intention and Saving Behaviour. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 7(6), 41-48. https://www.doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n6p41
• Wärneryd, K. E. (1989). On the Psychology of Saving: An Essay on Economic Behavior. Journal of Economic Psychology, 10(4), 515-541. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4870(89)90041-X
• Whiteside, S. P., & Lynam, D. R. (2001). The Five Factor Model and impulsivity: using a structural model of personality to understand impulsivity. Personality and Individual Differences, 30(4), 669–689. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00064-7
• Yamauchi, K. T. & Templer, D. J. (1982). The Development of a Money Attitude Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 46(5), 522-528. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4605_14