Farklı Dozlarda İmmunokostrasyon Aşı Uygulamasının Entansif Koşullarda Yetiştirilen Holstein Erkek Danalarının Besi Performansı Üzerine Etkisi

Year 2018, , 301 - 308, 01.09.2018

Yahya Öztürk , Memiş Bolacalı

https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.424399

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı dozlarda GnRH
aşısının Holştayn erkek buzağılarında besi performansı ve karkas randımanı
üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada, 94 baş Holştayn ırkı erkek
buzağı kullanılmış ve rastgele 4 gruba ayrılmıştır. Besinin 1. ve 60. gününde
kontrol grubuna plasebo olarak 1 mL %0.9'luk tuzlu su çözeltisi derialtı yolla
enjeksiyon yöntemi ile uygulanmıştır. Besinin aynı günlerinde, Deneme-1
grubundaki buzağılara 1 mL ve 1 mL, Deneme-2 grubundaki
buzağılara 1.5 mL ve 1.5 mL ve Deneme-3 grubundaki buzağılara ise 1.5 mL and 1 mL olmak
üzere iki doz immunokastrasyon aşısı (Bopriva®) derialtı yolla
enjeksiyon yöntemi ile uygulanmıştır. Besi 180 gün sürüştür.
Farklı dozlarda immunokastrasyon aşısı uygulamasının
entansif koşullarda yetiştirilen Holştayn erkek danalarında, canlı ağırlık ve
karkas randımanı üzerine etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir (P>0.05). Buna
karşın immunokastrasyon aşısı uygulamasının besinin 61-120 (P<0.05) ile 1-180. gün (P<0.01) arası dönemde
besi performansını azalttığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Holştayn erkek danalarında GnRH aşısı olarak Bopriva®’nın
farklı dozlarda uygulamasının; besi performansını düşürdüğü buna karşın immunokastrasyon aşısı
uygulanan gruplar içinde rakamsal olarak en yüksek canlı ağırlık artışının Deneme-2
grubunda olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

GnRH, besi, immunokastrasyon

Effect of Immunocastration Vaccine Administration At Different Doses on Performance of Feedlot Holstein Bulls

Abstract

The
aim of the study is to determine the effect of immunocastration vaccine
administration at different doses on fattening performance of feedlot Holstein
bulls. In this research, 94 Holstein male calves assigned to the 4 treatments.
Control group; 1 mL of 0.9% saline solution was subcutaneously injected to
intact bulls on 1st and 60th days of the feedlot as placebo. On the same days
of the feedlot, Immunocastration vaccine (Bopriva®) at two doses of 1 mL and 1
mL for Trial-1 group, 1.5 mL and 1.5 mL for Trial-2 group, 1.5 mL and 1 mL for
Trial-3 group were subcutaneously injected to bulls. The feedlot lasted 180 days.
Immunocastration vaccine administration at different doses did not affect the
live weights (LWs) and cold carcass yields of feedlot Holstein bulls
(P>0.05). However, it reduced fattening performance between 61-120 days
(P<0.05) and 1-180 days (P<0.01). As a result, it was decreased the
fattening performance that administration of Bopriva® at different doses as a
GnRH vaccine in Holstein male bulls; whereas it was determined that numerically
increase in average daily live weight gain was found in the Trial-2 group than
the other groups to which the immunocastration vaccine was applied.

Keywords

GnRH, fattening, immunocastration

References

• Adams TE, Adams BM. Feedlot performance of steers and bulls actively immunized against gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Journal of Animal Science. 1992; 70: 1691-1698.
• Adams TE, Daley CA, Adams BM, Sakurai H. Testis function and feedlot performance of bulls actively immunized against gonadotropin-releasing hormone: effect of implants containing progesterone and estradiol benzoate. Journal of Animal Science. 1993: 71(4); 811–817.
• Adams TE, Daley CA, Adams BM, Sakurai H. Testes function and feedlot performance of bulls actively immunized against gonadotropin-releasing hormone: effect of age at immunization. J. Anim. Sci. 1996: 74; 950-954.
• Aïssat D, Sosa JM, de Avila DM, Bertrand KP, Reeves JJ. Endocrine, growth, and carcass characteristics of bulls immunized against luteinizing hormone- releasing hormone fusion proteins. Journal of Animal Science. 2002: 80; 2209–2213.
• Amatayakul-Chantler S, Hoe F, Jackson JA, Roça RDO, Stegner JE, King V, Howard R, Lopez E, Walker J. Effects on performance and carcass and meat quality attributes following immunocastration with the gonadotropin releasing factor vaccine Bopriva or surgical castration of Bos indicus bulls raised on pasture in Brazil. Meat Science. 2013: 95(1); 78-84.
• Amatayakul-Chantler S, Jackson JA, Stegner J, King V, Rubio LMS, Howard R, Lopez E, Walker J. Immunocastration of Bos indicus × Brown Swiss bulls in a feedlot with the gonadotropin-releasing hormone vaccine Bopriva provides improved performance and meat quality. Journal of animal science. 2012: 90(11); 3718-3728.
• Andreo N, Bridi AM, Soares AL, Prohmann PEF, Peres LM, Tarsitano MA, Giangareli BL, Takabayashi AA. Fatty acid profile of beef from immunocastrated (BOPRIVA®) Nellore bulls. Meat Science. 2016: 117; 12–17.
• Balet L, Janett F, Hüsler J, Piechotta M, Howard R, Amatayakul-Chantler S, Steiner A, Hirsbrunner G. Immunization against gonadotropin-releasing hormone in dairy cattle: Antibody titers, ovarian function, hormonal levels, and reversibility. Journal of dairy science. 2014: 97(4); 2193-2203.
• Bonneau M, Enright W. Immunocastration in cattle and pigs. Livest. Prod. Sci. 1995: 42;193–200.
• Brown BW, Mattner PE, Carroll PA, Hoskinson RM, Rigby RDG. Immunization of sheep against GnRH early in life: effects on reproductive function and hormones in ewes. J. Reprod. Fert. 1995: 103; 131–135.
• Caraty A, Bonneau M. Immunisation active du porc mPle contre la gonadoliberine: Effets sur la secretion d'hormones gonadotropes et sur la teneur en 5a-androst-16-ene- %one du tissu adipeux. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Ser. D 1986: 303:673
• Clarke IJ, Brown BW, Tran VV, Scott CJ, Fry R, Millar RP, Rao A. Neonatal immunization against gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) results in diminished GnRH secretion in adulthood. Endocrinology. 1998: 139; 2007–2014.
• Clarke IJ, Fraser HM, McNeilly AS. Active immunization of ewes against luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, and its effects on ovulation and gonadotrophin, prolactin and ovarian steroid secretion. J. Endocrinol. 1978: 78; 39–47.
• Cook RB, Popp JD, Kastelic JP, Robbins S, Harland R. The effects of active immunization against GnRH on testicular development, feedlot performance, and carcass characteristics of beef bulls. Journal of Animal Science. 2000: 78(11); 2778–2783.
• Coutinho JLV, Peres RM, Justo CL. Produção de carne de bovinos contemporâneos, machos e fêmeas, terminados em confinamento. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. 2006: 35(5); 2043–2049.
• De Freitas VM, Leão KM, de Araujo Neto FR, Marques TC, Ferreira RM, Garcia LLF, de Oliveira EB. Effects of surgical castration, immunocastration and homeopathy on the performance, carcass characteristics and behaviour of feedlot-finished crossbred bulls. Semina: Ciências Agrárias. 2015: 36(3); 1725–1734.
• D'Occhio MJ, Aspden WJ, Trigg TE. Sustained testicular atrophy in bulls actively immunized against GnRH: Potential to control carcase characteristics. Animal Reproduction Science. 2001: 66; 47–58.
• Duff GC, McMurphy CP. Feeding Holstein steers from start to finish. The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice 2007: 23(2); 281–297.
• EUD. European Union Directive: Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes. Official Journal of the European Union. 2010: L276; 33-79.
• Field RA. Effect of castration on meat quality and quantity. Journal of Animal Science. 1971: 32; 849–858.
• Finnerty M, Enright WJ, Morrison CA, Roche JF. Immunization of bull calves with GnRH analogue-human serum albumin conjugate: Effect of conjugate dose, type of adjuvant and booster interval on immune, endocrine, testicular and growth responses. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1994: 101;333–343.
• Finnerty M, Enright WJ, Roche JF. Testosterone, LH and FSH episodic secretory patterns in GnRH-immunized bulls. J. Reprod. Fertil. 1998: 114; 85–94.
• Freitas AK, Restle J, Pacheco PS, Pádua JT, Lage ME, Miyagi ES, Silva GFR. Características de carca¸cas de bovinos Nelore inteiros vs castrados em duas idades, terminados em confinamento. Brazilian Journal of Animal Science. 2008: 37; 1055–1062.
• Freudenberger DO, Wilson PR, Barry TN, Sun YX, Purchas RW, Trigg TE. Effects of immunization against GnRH upon body growth, voluntary food intake and plasma hormone concentration in yearling red deer stags (Cervus elaphus). The Journal of Agricultural Science. 1993: 121(3); 381-388.
• Galbraith H, Demspter DG, Miller TB. A note on the effect of castration on the growth performance and concentration of some bloodmetabolites and hormones in British Friesian male cattle. Animal Production. 1978: 26; 339–342.
• Godfrey SI, Walkden‐Brown SW, Martin GB, Speijers EJ. Immunisation of goat bucks GnRH to prevent seasonal reproductive and agonistic behaviours. Animal Reproduction Science. 1996: 44; 41–54.
• Hennessy D. Improvac® mode of action. Technical bulletin, Pfizer Animal Health, Apr. 2008.
• Hernandez JA, Zanella EL, Bogden R, de Avila DM, Gaskins CT, Reeves JJ. Reproductive characteristics of grass-fed, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone-immunocastrated Bos indicus bulls. Journal of Animal Science. 2005: 83(12); 2901–2907.
• Huxsoll CC, Price EO, Adams TE. Testis function, carcass traits, and aggressive behavior of beef bulls actively immunized against gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Journal of Animal Science. 1998: 76; 1760–1766.
• Ison SH, Clutton RE, Di Giminiani P, Rutherford KMD. A review of pain assessment in pigs. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2016: 3; 1–16.Jago JG, Bass JJ, Matthews LR. Evaluation of a vaccine to control bull behaviour. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production. 1997a: 57(Cv); 91–95.
• Jago JG, Cox NR, Bass JJ, Matthews LR. The effect of prepubertal immunization against gonadotropin-releasing hormone on the development of sexual and social behavior of bulls. J. Anim. Sci. 1997b: 75; 2609-2619.
• Lofthouse S, Kemp J. Manipulating the immune response; applications in livestock breeding. J Reprod Immunol. 2002: 57(1/2); 239–53.
• Marti S, Devant M, Amatayakul-Chantler S, Jackson JA, López E, Janzen ED, Schwartkkopf-Genswein K S. Effect of anti-gonadotropin-releasing factor vaccine and band castration on indicators of welfare in beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science. 2015: 93; 1581–1591.
• Marti S, Devant M, Amatayakul-Chantler S, Jackson JA, Janzen ED, Schwartzkopf-Genswein KS. Effects of anti-gonadotropin-releasing factor (GnRF) vaccine and band castration on carcass quality in beef cattle under North American management practices. ADSA - Asas Joınt Annual Meeting, 8-12 July 2013, Indianapolis, Indiana.
• Marti S, Jackson JA, Slootmans N, Lopez E, Hodge A, Pérez-Juan M, Devant M, Amatayakul-Chantler S. Effects on performance and meat quality of Holstein bulls fed high concentrate diets without implants following immunological castration. Meat science. 2017: 126; 36-42.
• Meloen RH, Turkstra JA, Lankhof H, Puijk WC, Schaaper WM, Dijkstra G, Wensing CJ, Oonk RB. Efficient immunocastration of male piglets by immunoneutralization of GnRH using a new GnRH-like peptide. Vaccine. 1994: 12;741–746.
• Miesner MD, Anderson DE. Surgical management of common disorders of feedlot calves. The Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice. 2015: 31; 407–424. vi–vii.
• Molenaar GJ, Lugard-Kok C, Meloen RH, Oonk RB, de Koning J, Wensing CJ. Lesions in the hypothalamus after active immunisation against GnRH in the pig. J. Neuroimmunol. 1993: 48; 1–11.
• Moreira AD, Siqueira GR, Lage JF, Benatti JMB, Moretti MH, Miguel GZ, Oliveira IM, Resende FD. Castration methods in crossbred cattle raised on tropical pasture. Animal Production Science. 2017: 58, 1307-1315.
• Pazdiora RD, Resende FD, Faria MH, Siqueira GR, Almeida GBS, Sampaio RL, Pacheco PS, Prietto MSR. Animal performance and carcass characteristics of Nellore young bulls fed coated or uncoated urea slaughtered at different weights. Brazilian Journal of Animal Science. 2013: 42; 273–283.
• Pérez-Linares C, Bolado-Sarabia L, Figueroa-Saavedra F, Barreras-Serrano A, Sánchez-López E, Tamayo-Sosa AR, Godina AA, Ríos-Rincón F, García LA, Gallegos E. Effect of immunocastration with Bopriva on carcass characteristics and meat quality of feedlot Holstein bulls. Meat science, 2017: 123; 45-49.
• Price E, Adams T, Huxsoll C, Borgwardt R. Aggressive behavior is reduced in bulls actively immunized against gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Journal of animal science. 2003: 81(2); 411-415.
• Prior RL, Smith SB, Schanbacher BD, Mersmann HJ. Lipid metabolism in finishing bulls and steers implanted with oestradiol-17 β-dipropionate. Animal Production. 1983: 37(1); 81–88.
• Ribeiro ELA, Hernandez JA, Zanella EL, Shimokomaki M, Prudêncio-Ferreira SH, Youssef E, Ribeiro HJSS, Bogden R, Reeves JJ. Growth and carcass characteristics of pasture fed LHRH immunocastrated, castrated and intact Bos indicus bulls. Meat Science. 2004: 68(2); 285–290.
• Robertson IS, Wilson JC, Fraser HM. Immunological castration in male cattle. Vet. Rec. 1979: 105; 556-557.Rodriguez RE, Wise ME. Ontogeny of pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the bull calf during infantile and pubertal development. Endocrinology. 1989: 124; 248– 256.
• Rodriguez RE, Wise ME. Advancement of postnatal pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in the bull calf by pulsa tile administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone during infantile development. Biol. Reprod. 1991: 44(3); 432-9.
• Sherwood NM, Lovejoy DA, Coe IR. Origin of mammalian gonadotropin‐releasing hormones. Endocrine Reviews. 1993: 14; 241–254.Thompson DL. Immunization against GnRH in male species (comparative aspects). Animal Reproduction Science. 2000: 60; 459-469.
• Wierbicki E, Cahill VR, Kunkle LE, Klosterman EW, Deatherage FE. Meat quality, effect of castration on biochemistry and quality of beef. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 1955: 3; 244–249.