Pathological and Microbiological Investigations of Naturally Infected Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with Flavobacterium psychrophilum

Year 2020, Volume: 13 Issue: 2 , 172 - 178 , 30.06.2020

Erkmen Ekipmen , Hamdi Avcı , Tevfik Tansel Tanrıkul S.serap Birincioğlu , Ahmet Aydoğan

https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.689521

Cited By: 2

https://izlik.org/JA57BC58YL

Abstract

It was aimed to identify and evaluate the pathological and microbiological findings in rainbow trout naturally infected with Flavobacterium psychrophilum in two trout farms of Aydın and Muğla within this study. A total of 77 rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (weighing 1 ± 02 g and 5-6 cm in size) were collected from two separate trout farms. The most common lesion seen in macroscopic examination was petechial hemorrhages that formed on the skin in different parts of the body. In addition, skin erosion and ulcers, exophthalmus and periocular hemorrhages were observed in the eyes. Microscopically, erosive foci in some areas, and ulcers in which the destructions reached the muscle layer in some areas were noted. There were bacteria clusters, hemorrhages and inflammatory cell infiltrations consisting of macrophages and lymphocytes in the ulcer foci. As a result of the bacteriological examination, the isolated bacteria were identified as Flavobacterium psychrophilum based on their morphological and biochemical character.

Keywords

Flavobacterium psychrophilum , pathology , microbiology , rainbow trout , natural infection

Flavobacterium psychrophilum ile Doğal Enfekte Gökkuşağı Alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Patolojik ve Mikrobiyolojik İncelemeler

https://izlik.org/JA57BC58YL

Abstract

Bu çalışma ile Aydın ve Muğla illerinde bulunan iki alabalık işletmesinde Flavobacterium psychrophilum ile doğal enfekte gökkuşağı alabalıklarında şekillenen patolojik ve mikrobiyolojik bulguların tanımlanarak birlikte değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. İki ayrı alabalık işletmesinden toplanan 1±02 g ağırlığında ve 5-6 cm büyüklüğünde toplam 77 adet gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) incelendi. Makroskobik incelemede en yaygın görülen lezyon, vücudun değişik bölgelerinde deride şekillenen peteşiyel kanamalardı. Buna ek olarak, deride erozyon ve ülserler, gözlerde ekzoftalmus ve perioküler kanama görüldü. Mikroskobik olarak, bazı alanlarda epidermisin yüzeysel olarak yıkımlandığı eroziv odaklar, bazı alanlarda ise yıkımlanmaların kas tabakasına dek ulaştığı ülserler dikkati çekti. Ülser odaklarında bakteri kümeleri, kanamalar ile makrofaj ve lenfositlerden oluşan yangısal hücre infiltrasyonları mevcuttu. Yapılan bakteriyolojik inceleme sonucu, izole edilen bakteri morfolojik ve biyokimyasal karakterine göre Flavobacterium psychrophilum olarak identifiye edildi.

Keywords

Flavobacterium psychrophilum , patoloji , mikrobiyoloji , gökkuşağı alabalığı , doğal enfeksiyon

References

• Austin D, Austin DA. Bacterial fish pathogens: Disease of farmed and wild fish, Ellis Horwood Ltd. 1987.
• Austin D, Austin DA. Bacterial fish pathogens: Diseases of farmed and wild fish, 4th Ed., Springer and Praxis Publishing, Chichester, UK. 2007.
• Boyacıoğlu M, Akar F. Isolation of Flavobacterium psychrophilum causing rainbow trout fry syndrome and determination of an effective antibacterial treatment in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2012; 18 (2): 197-203.
• Ekman E, Norrgren L. Pathology and immunohistochemistry in three species of salmonids after experimental infection with Flavobacterium psychrophilum. J Fish Dis. 2003; 26: 529-538.
• Kubilay A, Altun S, Didinen BI, Ekici S, Diler Ö. Gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) işletmelerinde Flavobacterium psychrophilum izolasyonu. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2009, 15: 709-715.
• Madetoja J, Wiklund T. Detection of the fish pathogen Flavobacterium psychrophilum in water from fish farms. Syst Appl Microbiol. 2002; 25: 259-266.
• Madsen L, Moller JD, Dalsgaard I. Flavobacterium psychrophilum in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) hatcheries: Studies on broodstock, eggs, fry and environment. J Fish Dis. 2005; 28: 39-47.
• Nematollahi A, Decostere A, Pasmans F, Haesebrouck F. Flavobacterium psychrophilum infections in salmonid fish. J Fish Dis. 2003; 26: 563-574.
• Ostland VE, Byrne PJ, Hoover G, Ferguson HW. Necrotic myositis of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum): Proteolitic characteristics of a crude extracellular prepation from Flavobacterium psychrophilum. J Fish Dis. 2000; 23: 329-336.
• Pacha RE, Porter S. Characteristics of Myxobacteria Isolated from the Surface of Freshwater Fish. Appl Microbiol. 1968; 16: 1901-1906.
• Reichenbach H, Dworkin M. The order myxobacterales, In: The Prokaryotes, Ed; Starr MP, Stolp H, Trüper HG, Balows A, Schlegel HG, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. 1981; pp. 356-379.
• Roberts RJ. Fish Pathology, W.B. Saunders. 2001; pp. 299-304.
• Yıldırım S, Özer S. Mersin ili çağlarca köyündeki gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum, 1792) kuluçkahanelerinde Flavobacterium spp. varlığı. J Fish Sci. 2010; 4 (1): 112-122.